Question 1

Which microorganism is considered phytoplankton?

Accepted Answer

A) Cyanobacteria 
B) Mycorrhizae 
C) Nitrogen fixing bacteria 
D) Sulfate reducers 
A) Cyanobacteria 
B) Mycorrhizae 
C) Nitrogen fixing bacteria 
D) Sulfate reducers

Question 2

The conversion of gaseous nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH4+) occurs during ______.

Accepted Answer

A) denitrification 
B) nitrogen fixation 
C) ammonification 
D) nitrification 
E) photosynthesis 
A) denitrification 
B) nitrogen fixation 
C) ammonification 
D) nitrification 
E) photosynthesis

Question 3

The major group of organisms that fix nitrogen into ammonia and then oxidize it to nitrate are ______.

Accepted Answer

A) bacteria 
B)  fungi 
C)  protozoa 
D)  algae 
A) bacteria 
B)  fungi 
C)  protozoa 
D)  algae

Question 4

The energy of the sun is converted into chemical energy during ______.

Accepted Answer

A) nitrification 
B) denitrification 
C) photosynthesis 
D) ammonification 
E) nitrogen fixation 
A) nitrification 
B) denitrification 
C) photosynthesis 
D) ammonification 
E) nitrogen fixation

Question 5

Consider a deep sea hydrothermal vent.Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Its biome is the deep marine biopshere. 
B) The vent hosts communities of chemolithotrophic bacteria. 
C) The associated chemolithotrophs are primary producers. 
D) The vent is a habitat. 
A) Its biome is the deep marine biopshere. 
B) The vent hosts communities of chemolithotrophic bacteria. 
C) The associated chemolithotrophs are primary producers. 
D) The vent is a habitat.

Question 6

Organisms that inhabit soil or water and breakdown and absorb the organic matter of dead organisms are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) autotrophs 
B) decomposers 
C) secondary consumers 
D) primary consumers 
A) autotrophs 
B) decomposers 
C) secondary consumers 
D) primary consumers

Question 7

The majority of Earth's water is found in ______.

Accepted Answer

A) icecaps and glaciers 
B) oceans 
C) freshwater lakes 
D) soil moisture 
E) ground water 
A) icecaps and glaciers 
B) oceans 
C) freshwater lakes 
D) soil moisture 
E) ground water

Question 8

Considering the human body as an ecosystem, which of the following statements is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) The human ecosystem lacks an autotrophic niche. 
B) The microbiota in the human gut is comprised of heterotrophs. 
C) Microbes act as producers, consumers, and decomposers within the human ecosystem. 
D) Energy for the human microbiome derives exclusively from the food we eat. 
A) The human ecosystem lacks an autotrophic niche. 
B) The microbiota in the human gut is comprised of heterotrophs. 
C) Microbes act as producers, consumers, and decomposers within the human ecosystem. 
D) Energy for the human microbiome derives exclusively from the food we eat.

Question 9

Most of the organic sulfur is located in

Accepted Answer

A) nucleotides and nucleic acids. 
B) monosaccharides and carbohydrates. 
C)  amino acids and proteins. 
D) fatty acids and lipids. 
A) nucleotides and nucleic acids. 
B) monosaccharides and carbohydrates. 
C)  amino acids and proteins. 
D) fatty acids and lipids.

Question 10

Which trophic level forms the base of a food chain?

Accepted Answer

A) Primary producers 
B) Quaternary consumers 
C) Tertiary consumers 
D) Secondary consumers 
E) Primary consumers 
A) Primary producers 
B) Quaternary consumers 
C) Tertiary consumers 
D) Secondary consumers 
E) Primary consumers

Question 11

The thermocline is broken down by temperature changes that allow upwelling to occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which crop plant would likely have a mutualistic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) Potatoes 
B)  Peas 
C) Corn 
D)  Wheat 
E)  Cotton 
A) Potatoes 
B)  Peas 
C) Corn 
D)  Wheat 
E)  Cotton

Question 13

The total amount of water in the hydrologic cycle has been decreasing over the last million years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

You have been diagnosed with neurotoxic poisoning after having ingested an algal toxin, called brevetoxin, produced by Karenia brevis.In which food did you likely consume this?

Accepted Answer

A) Freshwater trout 
B) Canned tuna 
C) Oysters 
D) Tomatoes 
A) Freshwater trout 
B) Canned tuna 
C) Oysters 
D) Tomatoes

Question 15

Why are waterlogged soils often infertile?

Accepted Answer

A) The lack of physical space in this type of soil blocks bacterial growth. 
B) Water molecules are used instead of oxygen for cellular respiration. 
C) There is less carbon in waterlogged soil than dry soil. 
D) Nitrifying bacteria require oxygen, and the excess water takes the place of oxygen-containing air. 
A) The lack of physical space in this type of soil blocks bacterial growth. 
B) Water molecules are used instead of oxygen for cellular respiration. 
C) There is less carbon in waterlogged soil than dry soil. 
D) Nitrifying bacteria require oxygen, and the excess water takes the place of oxygen-containing air.

Question 16

A Paramecium is an example of a ______.

Accepted Answer

A) primary consumer 
B) primary producer 
C) quaternary consumer 
D) tertiary consumer 
E) secondary consumer 
A) primary consumer 
B) primary producer 
C) quaternary consumer 
D) tertiary consumer 
E) secondary consumer

Exam 24: Microbes and the Environment

Which microorganism is considered phytoplankton?

The conversion of gaseous nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH4+) occurs during ______.

The major group of organisms that fix nitrogen into ammonia and then oxidize it to nitrate are ______.

The energy of the sun is converted into chemical energy during ______.

Consider a deep sea hydrothermal vent.Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Organisms that inhabit soil or water and breakdown and absorb the organic matter of dead organisms are called ______.

The majority of Earth's water is found in ______.

Considering the human body as an ecosystem, which of the following statements is incorrect?

Most of the organic sulfur is located in

Which trophic level forms the base of a food chain?

The thermocline is broken down by temperature changes that allow upwelling to occur.

Which crop plant would likely have a mutualistic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria?

The total amount of water in the hydrologic cycle has been decreasing over the last million years.

You have been diagnosed with neurotoxic poisoning after having ingested an algal toxin, called brevetoxin, produced by Karenia brevis.In which food did you likely consume this?

Why are waterlogged soils often infertile?

A Paramecium is an example of a ______.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

The conversion of gaseous nitrogen (N₂) to ammonia (NH₄⁺) occurs during ______.