Question 1

A second encounter with an allergen that causes a response is called the _____ dose.

Accepted Answer

A) sensitizing 
B) provocative 
C) allergic 
D) hypersensitivity 
E) desensitizing 
A) sensitizing 
B) provocative 
C) allergic 
D) hypersensitivity 
E) desensitizing

Question 2

SCID is defined by a lack of functional B and T cells which eliminates protection by humoral and cell-mediated immunity.Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) A genetic defect disrupts the development of the lymphocytic cell lines. 
B) A genetic mutation renders the individual incapable of removing a toxic DNA metabolite from lymphocytes, which ultimately destroys them. 
C) Genes coding for B and T cell receptors are mutated so the cells are incapable of binding antigens. 
D) Genes that code for interleukin receptors are mutated so the individual's B and T cells do not receive the activation signals, rendering them useless. 
E) All of the above describe cases of SCID. 
A) A genetic defect disrupts the development of the lymphocytic cell lines. 
B) A genetic mutation renders the individual incapable of removing a toxic DNA metabolite from lymphocytes, which ultimately destroys them. 
C) Genes coding for B and T cell receptors are mutated so the cells are incapable of binding antigens. 
D) Genes that code for interleukin receptors are mutated so the individual's B and T cells do not receive the activation signals, rendering them useless. 
E) All of the above describe cases of SCID.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a target for immune complex deposition?

Accepted Answer

A) Heart and lungs 
B) Brain 
C) Kidneys 
D) Joints 
E) Blood vessels and skin 
A) Heart and lungs 
B) Brain 
C) Kidneys 
D) Joints 
E) Blood vessels and skin

Question 4

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A) Food allergy - type I hypersensitivity 
B) Poison ivy dermatitis - type IV hypersensitivity 
C) Transfusion reaction - type II hypersensitivity 
D) Hay fever - type IV hypersensitivity 
E) Serum sickness - type III hypersensitivity 
A) Food allergy - type I hypersensitivity 
B) Poison ivy dermatitis - type IV hypersensitivity 
C) Transfusion reaction - type II hypersensitivity 
D) Hay fever - type IV hypersensitivity 
E) Serum sickness - type III hypersensitivity

Question 5

Allergies run in families because

Accepted Answer

A) the variable region of antibodies is genetically determined. 
B) immunoglobulins pass from mother to fetus. 
C) immunoglobulins pass through breast milk. 
D) the relative production of IgE is inherited. 
A) the variable region of antibodies is genetically determined. 
B) immunoglobulins pass from mother to fetus. 
C) immunoglobulins pass through breast milk. 
D) the relative production of IgE is inherited.

Question 6

A seasonal reaction to inhaled allergens is ______.

Accepted Answer

A) eczema 
B) asthma 
C) atopic dermatitis 
D) anaphylaxis 
E) allergic rhinitis 
A) eczema 
B) asthma 
C) atopic dermatitis 
D) anaphylaxis 
E) allergic rhinitis

Question 7

Any heightened immune response resulting in tissue damage is called a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A) immunodeficiency 
B) desensitization 
C) autoimmune disease 
D) hypersensitivity 
E) transfusion reaction 
A) immunodeficiency 
B) desensitization 
C) autoimmune disease 
D) hypersensitivity 
E) transfusion reaction

Question 8

Histamine causes all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. 
B) pruritis and headache. 
C) increased sensitivity to pain. 
D) wheal and flare reaction in skin. 
E) constriction of smooth muscle of bronchi and the intestine. 
A) relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. 
B) pruritis and headache. 
C) increased sensitivity to pain. 
D) wheal and flare reaction in skin. 
E) constriction of smooth muscle of bronchi and the intestine.

Question 9

Autoantibodies cause tissue injury in all of the following diseases except

Accepted Answer

A) multiple sclerosis. 
B) tuberculin reaction. 
C) rheumatoid arthritis. 
D) myasthenia gravis. 
E) Graves'disease. 
A) multiple sclerosis. 
B) tuberculin reaction. 
C) rheumatoid arthritis. 
D) myasthenia gravis. 
E) Graves'disease.

Question 10

Which of the following is not true of type III hypersensitivity?

Accepted Answer

A) The Arthus reaction is a local response. 
B) Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues. 
C) It involves an immune complex reaction. 
D) Serum sickness is a systemic response. 
E) It involves production of IgE antibodies. 
A) The Arthus reaction is a local response. 
B) Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues. 
C) It involves an immune complex reaction. 
D) Serum sickness is a systemic response. 
E) It involves production of IgE antibodies.

Question 11

Bee sting venom is considered to be which type of allergen?

Accepted Answer

A) Injectant 
B) Ingestant 
C) Inhalant 
D) Contactant 
A) Injectant 
B) Ingestant 
C) Inhalant 
D) Contactant

Question 12

Autoimmunity is typically due to

Accepted Answer

A) autoantibodies and T cells. 
B) a transfusion reaction. 
C) IgE and mast cells. 
D) graft rejection. 
E) a deficiency in T-cell development. 
A) autoantibodies and T cells. 
B) a transfusion reaction. 
C) IgE and mast cells. 
D) graft rejection. 
E) a deficiency in T-cell development.

Question 13

Once a mother has been sensitized to the Rh factor,

Accepted Answer

A) all other Rh+ fetuses are at risk. 
B) she can be given RhoGAM in future pregnancies to prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn. 
C) she can never again have a low risk pregnancy. 
D) only future Rh- fetuses are at risk. 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) all other Rh+ fetuses are at risk. 
B) she can be given RhoGAM in future pregnancies to prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn. 
C) she can never again have a low risk pregnancy. 
D) only future Rh- fetuses are at risk. 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 14

Epinephrine

Accepted Answer

A) inhibits the activity of lymphocytes. 
B) reverses constriction of airways. 
C) is an antihistamine. 
D) causes desensitization. 
A) inhibits the activity of lymphocytes. 
B) reverses constriction of airways. 
C) is an antihistamine. 
D) causes desensitization.

Question 15

All of the following are associated with IgE and mast-cell-mediated allergy except ______.

Accepted Answer

A) allergic asthma 
B) systemic lupus erythematosus 
C) drug allergies 
D) eczema 
E) anaphylaxis 
A) allergic asthma 
B) systemic lupus erythematosus 
C) drug allergies 
D) eczema 
E) anaphylaxis

Question 16

An effective test to determine whether an individual is allergic to a specific substance is to

Accepted Answer

A) test for the allergen in the blood. 
B) test for levels of IgE specific for the allergen. 
C) test for high levels of IgG in the serum. 
D) inject high levels of the allergen so see if the patient goes into anaphylactic shock. 
A) test for the allergen in the blood. 
B) test for levels of IgE specific for the allergen. 
C) test for high levels of IgG in the serum. 
D) inject high levels of the allergen so see if the patient goes into anaphylactic shock.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a possible explanation for the origin of autoimmune diseases?
A.Sequestered antigens
B.Forbidden clones
C.Molecular mimicry
D.The gut microbiome
E.All the choices are currently being investigated as possible explanations.

Accepted Answer

A. Sequestered antigens
B. For

Question 18

Fungal spores and animal dander are considered to be which type of allergen?

Accepted Answer

A) Injectant 
B) Contactant 
C) Inhalant 
D) Ingestant 
A) Injectant 
B) Contactant 
C) Inhalant 
D) Ingestant

Question 19

Which of the following is not a possible outcome of a type I hypersensitivity reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Diarrhea 
B) Rashes 
C) Contact dermatitis 
D) Sneezing 
E) Rhinitis 
A) Diarrhea 
B) Rashes 
C) Contact dermatitis 
D) Sneezing 
E) Rhinitis

Question 20

Corticosteroids will

Accepted Answer

A) inhibit the activity of lymphocytes. 
B) bind to histamine receptors on target organs. 
C) block synthesis of leukotrienes. 
D) reverse spasms of respiratory smooth muscles. 
A) inhibit the activity of lymphocytes. 
B) bind to histamine receptors on target organs. 
C) block synthesis of leukotrienes. 
D) reverse spasms of respiratory smooth muscles.

Exam 16: Disorders in Immunity

A second encounter with an allergen that causes a response is called the _____ dose.

SCID is defined by a lack of functional B and T cells which eliminates protection by humoral and cell-mediated immunity.Which of the following is true?

Which of the following is not a target for immune complex deposition?

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Allergies run in families because

A seasonal reaction to inhaled allergens is ______.

Any heightened immune response resulting in tissue damage is called a(n) ______.

Histamine causes all of the following except

Autoantibodies cause tissue injury in all of the following diseases except

Which of the following is not true of type III hypersensitivity?

Bee sting venom is considered to be which type of allergen?

Autoimmunity is typically due to

Once a mother has been sensitized to the Rh factor,

Epinephrine

All of the following are associated with IgE and mast-cell-mediated allergy except ______.

An effective test to determine whether an individual is allergic to a specific substance is to

Which of the following is not a possible explanation for the origin of autoimmune diseases? A.Sequestered antigens B.Forbidden clones C.Molecular mimicry D.The gut microbiome E.All the choices are currently being investigated as possible explanations.

Fungal spores and animal dander are considered to be which type of allergen?

Which of the following is not a possible outcome of a type I hypersensitivity reaction?

Corticosteroids will

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters