Question 1

Plasma cells

Accepted Answer

A) function in allergic reactions. 
B) secrete antibodies. 
C) directly destroy target cells. 
D) activate B cells and other T cells. 
E) suppress immune reactions. 
A) function in allergic reactions. 
B) secrete antibodies. 
C) directly destroy target cells. 
D) activate B cells and other T cells. 
E) suppress immune reactions.

Question 2

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions

Accepted Answer

A) are the result of genetic expression. 
B) function in recognition of self molecules. 
C) receive and transmit chemical messages among other cells of the system. 
D) aid in cellular development. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) are the result of genetic expression. 
B) function in recognition of self molecules. 
C) receive and transmit chemical messages among other cells of the system. 
D) aid in cellular development. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 3

Which of the following is not true of the antigen-independent period of lymphocyte development?

Accepted Answer

A) Many lymphocytes with different specificities are formed. 
B) Random genetic rearrangements occur to produce different surface protein receptors. 
C) Lymphocytes with specificity for self are destroyed. 
D) Lymphocytes form from stem cells in the bone marrow. 
E) Mature lymphocytes populate lymphatic organs and encounter antigens. 
A) Many lymphocytes with different specificities are formed. 
B) Random genetic rearrangements occur to produce different surface protein receptors. 
C) Lymphocytes with specificity for self are destroyed. 
D) Lymphocytes form from stem cells in the bone marrow. 
E) Mature lymphocytes populate lymphatic organs and encounter antigens.

Question 4

Acellular vaccines and subunit vaccines

Accepted Answer

A) contain modified bacterial exotoxin molecules. 
B) contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses. 
C) utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen. 
D) confer passive immunity. 
E) are always genetically engineered. 
A) contain modified bacterial exotoxin molecules. 
B) contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses. 
C) utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen. 
D) confer passive immunity. 
E) are always genetically engineered.

Question 5

As an adult who never developed chickenpox infection as a child, you elect to receive the protective vaccine against this pathogen at the age of 35.This vaccine will stimulate

Accepted Answer

A) latency. 
B) an anamnestic response. 
C) a primary immune response. 
D) a secondary immune response. 
A) latency. 
B) an anamnestic response. 
C) a primary immune response. 
D) a secondary immune response.

Question 6

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine _____, which activates T helper cells.

Accepted Answer

A) interferon 
B) histamine 
C) interleukin-2 
D) interleukin-1 
A) interferon 
B) histamine 
C) interleukin-2 
D) interleukin-1

Question 7

All nucleated cells contain

Accepted Answer

A) class II MHC. 
B) class I MHC. 
C) secretory antibodies. 
D) IgD receptors. 
E) IgE receptors. 
A) class II MHC. 
B) class I MHC. 
C) secretory antibodies. 
D) IgD receptors. 
E) IgE receptors.

Question 8

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Opsonization 
B) Agglutination 
C) Anamnestic response 
D) Neutralization 
E) Complement fixation 
A) Opsonization 
B) Agglutination 
C) Anamnestic response 
D) Neutralization 
E) Complement fixation

Question 9

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of

Accepted Answer

A) interferon. 
B) mucus membranes. 
C) skin barriers. 
D) lysozyme. 
E) B and T lymphocytes. 
A) interferon. 
B) mucus membranes. 
C) skin barriers. 
D) lysozyme. 
E) B and T lymphocytes.

Question 10

Which immunoglobulin class/es can fix complement?

Accepted Answer

A) IgM only 
B) IgG only 
C) IgD only 
D) IgM and IgG 
E) IgE and IgA 
A) IgM only 
B) IgG only 
C) IgD only 
D) IgM and IgG 
E) IgE and IgA

Question 11

An example of natural passive immunity would be

Accepted Answer

A) giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease. 
B) chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity. 
C) chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox. 
D) a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta. 
A) giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease. 
B) chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity. 
C) chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox. 
D) a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta.

Question 12

Helper T cells

Accepted Answer

A) activate B cells and other T cells. 
B) suppress immune reactions. 
C) function in allergic reactions. 
D) directly destroy target cells. 
E) secrete antibodies. 
A) activate B cells and other T cells. 
B) suppress immune reactions. 
C) function in allergic reactions. 
D) directly destroy target cells. 
E) secrete antibodies.

Question 13

Immunotherapy is the

Accepted Answer

A) use of antitoxins. 
B) use of immune serum globulin. 
C) conferring of passive immunity. 
D) administering of preformed antibodies. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) use of antitoxins. 
B) use of immune serum globulin. 
C) conferring of passive immunity. 
D) administering of preformed antibodies. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 14

An activated TH cell produces _____, which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Accepted Answer

A) interleukin-1 
B) interleukin-2 
C) interleukin-12 
D) antiserum 
E) complement 
A) interleukin-1 
B) interleukin-2 
C) interleukin-12 
D) antiserum 
E) complement

Question 15

Antibody molecules circulate in lymph, blood, and tissue fluids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Accepted Answer

A) Neutralization 
B) Opsonization 
C) Complement fixation 
D) Agglutination 
E) Anamnestic response 
A) Neutralization 
B) Opsonization 
C) Complement fixation 
D) Agglutination 
E) Anamnestic response

Question 17

Activation of B cells can occur when antigen binds to B cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

All of the following statements reflect the qualities of a safe and effective vaccine, except

Accepted Answer

A) the injected material should be antigenic, but not pathogenic. 
B) it should have a long shelf-life, be cheap to produce, and easy to administer. 
C) efficacy must be maintained by booster shots every 5 years. 
D) it should confer both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. 
A) the injected material should be antigenic, but not pathogenic. 
B) it should have a long shelf-life, be cheap to produce, and easy to administer. 
C) efficacy must be maintained by booster shots every 5 years. 
D) it should confer both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Question 19

High titers of specific antibodies are characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A) specific immune globulin (SIG). 
B) gamma globulin. 
C) toxoids. 
D) immune serum globulin (ISG). 
E) attenuated vaccines. 
A) specific immune globulin (SIG). 
B) gamma globulin. 
C) toxoids. 
D) immune serum globulin (ISG). 
E) attenuated vaccines.

Question 20

The third line of defense against foreign invaders can be described as having _______ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A) surveillance; complexity 
B) specificity; memory 
C) complexity, versatility 
D) diversity; barriers 
A) surveillance; complexity 
B) specificity; memory 
C) complexity, versatility 
D) diversity; barriers

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Plasma cells

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions

Which of the following is not true of the antigen-independent period of lymphocyte development?

Acellular vaccines and subunit vaccines

As an adult who never developed chickenpox infection as a child, you elect to receive the protective vaccine against this pathogen at the age of 35.This vaccine will stimulate

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine _____, which activates T helper cells.

All nucleated cells contain

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of

Which immunoglobulin class/es can fix complement?

An example of natural passive immunity would be

Helper T cells

Immunotherapy is the

An activated TH cell produces _____, which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Antibody molecules circulate in lymph, blood, and tissue fluids.

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Activation of B cells can occur when antigen binds to B cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

All of the following statements reflect the qualities of a safe and effective vaccine, except

High titers of specific antibodies are characteristic of

The third line of defense against foreign invaders can be described as having _______ and ________.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

An activated T_H cell produces _____, which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

The third line of defense against foreign invaders can be described as having _ and __.