Question 1

Place the following cells in order from greatest to least phagocytic activity: neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages.

Accepted Answer

A) Macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils 
B) Neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils 
C) Eosinophils, macrophages, neutrophils 
D) Neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages 
E) Macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils 
A) Macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils 
B) Neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils 
C) Eosinophils, macrophages, neutrophils 
D) Neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages 
E) Macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils

Question 2

Interferons do not protect the cell that secretes them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

During inflammation, a high neutrophil count is a common sign of bacterial infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following lymphoid organs or tissues has the immunological function of filtering pathogens from the blood?

Accepted Answer

A) Tonsils 
B) Thymus 
C) Lymph nodes 
D) Spleen 
E) GALT 
A) Tonsils 
B) Thymus 
C) Lymph nodes 
D) Spleen 
E) GALT

Question 5

Which of the following is a chemical used by phagocytes to destroy ingested foreign substances?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydrogen peroxide 
B) Nitric oxide 
C) Lactic acid 
D) Superoxide anion 
E) All of these are used. 
A) Hydrogen peroxide 
B) Nitric oxide 
C) Lactic acid 
D) Superoxide anion 
E) All of these are used.

Question 6

The circulating substances that affect the hypothalamus and initiate fever are ______.

Accepted Answer

A) interferons 
B) lysozymes 
C) complement 
D) leukotrines 
E) pyrogens 
A) interferons 
B) lysozymes 
C) complement 
D) leukotrines 
E) pyrogens

Question 7

Complement proteins are produced by the spleen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The granules of neutrophils contain ______.

Accepted Answer

A) histamine 
B) antigens 
C) peroxidase 
D) digestive enzymes 
E) antibodies 
A) histamine 
B) antigens 
C) peroxidase 
D) digestive enzymes 
E) antibodies

Question 9

Humoral immunity involves ______, while _____ function in cell-mediated immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) T cells; B cells 
B) monocytes; basophils 
C) B cells; neutrophils 
D) basophils; T cells 
E) B cells; T cells 
A) T cells; B cells 
B) monocytes; basophils 
C) B cells; neutrophils 
D) basophils; T cells 
E) B cells; T cells

Question 10

All of the following pertain to interferon except

Accepted Answer

A) it inhibits viruses, tumors, and cancer gene expression. 
B) it increases capillary permeability and vasodilation. 
C) it is produced by certain white blood cells and tissue cells. 
D) it includes alpha, beta, and gamma types. 
E) it is a protein. 
A) it inhibits viruses, tumors, and cancer gene expression. 
B) it increases capillary permeability and vasodilation. 
C) it is produced by certain white blood cells and tissue cells. 
D) it includes alpha, beta, and gamma types. 
E) it is a protein.

Question 11

Microbial antagonism is the

Accepted Answer

A) prevention of immune responses by the resident microbiota. 
B) suppression of the complement cascade by microbes. 
C) competition for nutrients, oxygen, and space between the resident microbiota and potential pathogens. 
D) inhibition of T cell binding to microbes. 
A) prevention of immune responses by the resident microbiota. 
B) suppression of the complement cascade by microbes. 
C) competition for nutrients, oxygen, and space between the resident microbiota and potential pathogens. 
D) inhibition of T cell binding to microbes.

Question 12

The membrane attack stage of the complement cascade involves

Accepted Answer

A) initiation of the cascade. 
B) the production of inflammatory cytokines. 
C) C1q binding to surface receptors on a membrane. 
D) a ring-shaped protein digesting holes in bacterial cell membranes and virus envelopes. 
E) the cleaving of C3 to yield C3a and C3b. 
A) initiation of the cascade. 
B) the production of inflammatory cytokines. 
C) C1q binding to surface receptors on a membrane. 
D) a ring-shaped protein digesting holes in bacterial cell membranes and virus envelopes. 
E) the cleaving of C3 to yield C3a and C3b.

Question 13

What type of molecules act to draw phagocytes to foreign substances?

Accepted Answer

A) PAMPs 
B) IFNs 
C) BALTs 
D) RES 
E) MALTs 
A) PAMPs 
B) IFNs 
C) BALTs 
D) RES 
E) MALTs

Question 14

Which of the following is not a type of phagocyte?

Accepted Answer

A) Monocyte 
B) Lymphocyte 
C) Macrophage 
D) Neutrophil 
E) Kupffer cell 
A) Monocyte 
B) Lymphocyte 
C) Macrophage 
D) Neutrophil 
E) Kupffer cell

Question 15

A low to moderate fever in an otherwise healthy person should be treated immediately with antipyretic drugs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which protein can be produced by a virus-infected cell, in order to communicate with other cells that need to produce antiviral proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) Albumin 
B) Histamine 
C) Interferon 
D) Complement 
E) Lysozyme 
A) Albumin 
B) Histamine 
C) Interferon 
D) Complement 
E) Lysozyme

Question 17

The production of interferon will protect the host cell from a viral infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is not an event of phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Ingestion 
B) Destruction 
C) Diapedesis 
D) Chemotaxis 
E) Phagolysosome formation 
A) Ingestion 
B) Destruction 
C) Diapedesis 
D) Chemotaxis 
E) Phagolysosome formation

Question 19

Lysozyme is found in ______.

Accepted Answer

A) tears 
B) salivary secretions 
C) sweat from sweat glands 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) tears 
B) salivary secretions 
C) sweat from sweat glands 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

All of the following comprise the second line of defense except ______.

Accepted Answer

A) phagocytosis 
B) fever 
C) inflammation 
D) antibody production 
E) complement proteins 
A) phagocytosis 
B) fever 
C) inflammation 
D) antibody production 
E) complement proteins

Exam 14: Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Place the following cells in order from greatest to least phagocytic activity: neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages.

Interferons do not protect the cell that secretes them.

During inflammation, a high neutrophil count is a common sign of bacterial infection.

Which of the following lymphoid organs or tissues has the immunological function of filtering pathogens from the blood?

Which of the following is a chemical used by phagocytes to destroy ingested foreign substances?

The circulating substances that affect the hypothalamus and initiate fever are ______.

Complement proteins are produced by the spleen.

The granules of neutrophils contain ______.

Humoral immunity involves ______, while _____ function in cell-mediated immunity.

All of the following pertain to interferon except

Microbial antagonism is the

The membrane attack stage of the complement cascade involves

What type of molecules act to draw phagocytes to foreign substances?

Which of the following is not a type of phagocyte?

A low to moderate fever in an otherwise healthy person should be treated immediately with antipyretic drugs.

Which protein can be produced by a virus-infected cell, in order to communicate with other cells that need to produce antiviral proteins?

The production of interferon will protect the host cell from a viral infection.

Which of the following is not an event of phagocytosis?

Lysozyme is found in ______.

All of the following comprise the second line of defense except ______.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

Humoral immunity involves __, while _ function in cell-mediated immunity.