Question 1

Most of a cell's genetic information is contained in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondriA. 
B)  ribosome. 
C)  nucleolus. 
D)  nucleus. 
A)  mitochondriA. 
B)  ribosome. 
C)  nucleolus. 
D)  nucleus. C

Question 2

Lysosomes remain fully active by maintaining an acid pH created by pumping hydrogen ions into their interiors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

MATCHING
Match the structure with its function.(Answers A through E may be used more than once. )
-Provides energy to digest proteins into amino acids

Accepted Answer

A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Golgi complex 
D) Secretory vesicle 
E) Lysosomes 
A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Golgi complex 
D) Secretory vesicle 
E) Lysosomes E

Question 4

Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because potassium has a greater concentration in the intracellular fluid (ICF) 
B)  Because sodium has a greater concentration in the extracellular fluid (ECF) 
C)  Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium 
D)  Because there is an excess of anions inside the cell 
A)  Because potassium has a greater concentration in the intracellular fluid (ICF) 
B)  Because sodium has a greater concentration in the extracellular fluid (ECF) 
C)  Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium 
D)  Because there is an excess of anions inside the cell

Question 5

What prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrate chains 
B)  Glycoprotein channels 
C)  Membrane channel proteins 
D)  Phospholipid bilayer 
A)  Carbohydrate chains 
B)  Glycoprotein channels 
C)  Membrane channel proteins 
D)  Phospholipid bilayer

Question 6

What occurs during exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Macromolecules can be secreted across eukaryotic cell membranes. 
B)  All substances are secreted into the cellular matrix. 
C)  No repairs in the plasma membrane can take place. 
D)  Solute molecules flow freely into and out of the cell. 
A)  Macromolecules can be secreted across eukaryotic cell membranes. 
B)  All substances are secreted into the cellular matrix. 
C)  No repairs in the plasma membrane can take place. 
D)  Solute molecules flow freely into and out of the cell.

Question 7

How is passive transport described?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is driven by osmosis,filtration,and diffusion. 
B)  It involves receptors that can bind with substances being transported. 
C)  It is capable of transporting macromolecules. 
D)  It requires energy generated by the cell. 
A)  It is driven by osmosis,filtration,and diffusion. 
B)  It involves receptors that can bind with substances being transported. 
C)  It is capable of transporting macromolecules. 
D)  It requires energy generated by the cell.

Question 8

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A)  G1 
B)  S 
C)  G2 
A)  G1 
B)  S 
C)  G2

Question 9

If cells are deprived of communication from extracellular chemical messengers,most cells experience apoptosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

How is the transport of glucose from the blood to the cell accomplished?

Accepted Answer

A)  By active-mediated transport (active transport) 
B)  By active diffusion 
C)  By passive osmosis 
D)  By passive-mediated transport (facilitated diffusion) 
A)  By active-mediated transport (active transport) 
B)  By active diffusion 
C)  By passive osmosis 
D)  By passive-mediated transport (facilitated diffusion)

Question 11

Match the structure with its function.(Answers A through D may be used more than once. )
-Movement of water

Accepted Answer

A) Passive-mediated transport 
B) Active-mediated transport 
C) Osmosis 
D) Diffusion 
A) Passive-mediated transport 
B) Active-mediated transport 
C) Osmosis 
D) Diffusion

Question 12

Lipids and proteins are the major components of the plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication to cells some distance away?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paracrine signaling 
B)  Autocrine signaling 
C)  Neurotransmitter signaling 
D)  Hormone signaling 
A)  Paracrine signaling 
B)  Autocrine signaling 
C)  Neurotransmitter signaling 
D)  Hormone signaling

Question 14

Under anaerobic conditions,the process of _____ provides energy for the cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidative phosphorylation 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  lactolysis 
D)  passive transport 
A)  oxidative phosphorylation 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  lactolysis 
D)  passive transport

Question 15

Phagocytosis is an example of exocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lysosomes 
B)  Peroxisome 
C)  Ribosomes 
D)  Oxyhydrosomes 
A)  Lysosomes 
B)  Peroxisome 
C)  Ribosomes 
D)  Oxyhydrosomes

Question 17

In cirrhosis,how does cholesterol alter the fluidity of the plasma membrane of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte,which reduces its ability to carry oxygen. 
B)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes,which reduces its ability to carry hemoglobin. 
C)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes,which allows binding of excess glucose. 
D)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes,which prolongs it life span beyond 120 days. 
A)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte,which reduces its ability to carry oxygen. 
B)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes,which reduces its ability to carry hemoglobin. 
C)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes,which allows binding of excess glucose. 
D)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes,which prolongs it life span beyond 120 days.

Question 18

A patient who has diarrhea receives a 3% saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool.What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells will become hydrated. 
B)  Cells will swell or burst. 
C)  Cells will shrink. 
D)  Cells will divide. 
A)  Cells will become hydrated. 
B)  Cells will swell or burst. 
C)  Cells will shrink. 
D)  Cells will divide.

Question 19

Which cells,if any,lose their ability to replicate and divide?

Accepted Answer

A)  None,all cells have the ability to replicate and divide. 
B)  Cells of the lung and intestinal tract cannot replicate and divide. 
C)  Cells of the skin cannot replicate and divide. 
D)  Cells of the lens of the eye and skeletal muscle cannot replicate and divide. 
A)  None,all cells have the ability to replicate and divide. 
B)  Cells of the lung and intestinal tract cannot replicate and divide. 
C)  Cells of the skin cannot replicate and divide. 
D)  Cells of the lens of the eye and skeletal muscle cannot replicate and divide.

Question 20

What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas cells from the initial transcription to the release from the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis,and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell membrane. 
B)  The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus,proceeds to the lysosome for synthesis,and is transported in a encapsulated membrane to the cell membrane. 
C)  The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus,proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis,and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell membrane. 
D)  The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,proceeds to the Golgi complex for synthesis,and is transported in a cytosol to the cell membrane. 
A)  The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis,and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell membrane. 
B)  The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus,proceeds to the lysosome for synthesis,and is transported in a encapsulated membrane to the cell membrane. 
C)  The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus,proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis,and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell membrane. 
D)  The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,proceeds to the Golgi complex for synthesis,and is transported in a cytosol to the cell membrane.

Exam 1: Cellular Biology

Most of a cell's genetic information is contained in the:

Lysosomes remain fully active by maintaining an acid pH created by pumping hydrogen ions into their interiors.

MATCHING Match the structure with its function.(Answers A through E may be used more than once. ) -Provides energy to digest proteins into amino acids

Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?

What prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?

What occurs during exocytosis?

How is passive transport described?

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?

If cells are deprived of communication from extracellular chemical messengers,most cells experience apoptosis.

How is the transport of glucose from the blood to the cell accomplished?

Match the structure with its function.(Answers A through D may be used more than once. ) -Movement of water

Lipids and proteins are the major components of the plasma membrane.

Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication to cells some distance away?

Under anaerobic conditions,the process of _____ provides energy for the cell.

Phagocytosis is an example of exocytosis.

Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?

In cirrhosis,how does cholesterol alter the fluidity of the plasma membrane of erythrocytes?

A patient who has diarrhea receives a 3% saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool.What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

Which cells,if any,lose their ability to replicate and divide?

What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas cells from the initial transcription to the release from the cell?

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Disorders of Neurologic Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Filters

Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?