Exam 13: Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

If the DNA of a new discovered organism exhibits genes that are arranged as operons and lacks intron sequences,the hypothesis that this organism is bacterial rather than mammalian would be supported by the evidence.

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze covalent addition of __________ __________ to tRNAs.

The __________ reaction sequentially links adjacent amino acids into the growing polypeptide chain.

In Escherichia coli,if $\sigma$ ⁷⁰ is not bound to RNA polymerase core enzyme,active transcription of the gene is not occurring.

The transcribed,but not translated,sequence that is immediately upstream of the region that encodes the functional product is called the __________ region.

Bacterial chromosomes,unlike eukaryotic chromosomes,often consist of a single replicon.

Which statement defends the concept that the term "gene" is better defined as a nucleotide sequence that encodes for one or more functional products rather than encoding for one or more functional proteins?

Who first demonstrated transformation using mice and two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

What would be the most likely outcome if the genetic code was not degenerate?

The Sec system is used by

DNA polymerase and aminoacyl-tRNA synthase are similar in that both have proofreading ability,but differ in the substrates that they act upon.

What is the minimum number of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes needed to attach amino acids to all the various tRNA molecules?

If 20% of nucleotides in the DNA of a particular organism contain thymine,estimate the percentage of cytosine that is present in the DNA.

The two strands of a DNA molecule are __________; that is,they are oriented in opposite directions.

The noncoding sequences located between the start codon and the stop codon in interrupted genes are called introns.

The process by which the base sequence of an RNA molecule is used to direct the synthesis of a protein is called

A bacterial __________ is the nontranscribed region of the DNA to which RNA polymerase binds in order to initiate transcription.

How many DNA triplets encode 60 amino acids?

All prokaryotes initiate the synthesis of proteins with formylmethionine.

If you were to design a novel hydrophobic protein,which type of monomers would be most essential to incorporate in the molecule in order to achieve the desired result?