Question 1

Which of the following is MOST effective against resistant endospores?

Accepted Answer

A) Autoclaving 
B) Boiling 
C) Pasteurization 
D) All of these are equally effective against resistant endospores. 
A) Autoclaving 
B) Boiling 
C) Pasteurization 
D) All of these are equally effective against resistant endospores.

Question 2

Larger populations generally are killed as rapidly as smaller populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Pasteurization is used to

Accepted Answer

A) kill any pathogens present. 
B) retard spoilage. 
C) sterilize beverages. 
D) kill any pathogens present and retard spoilage. 
A) kill any pathogens present. 
B) retard spoilage. 
C) sterilize beverages. 
D) kill any pathogens present and retard spoilage.

Question 4

Sterilization involves __________ all viable microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

A) killing 
B) removing 
C) killing OR removing 
D) metabolically inactivating 
A) killing 
B) removing 
C) killing OR removing 
D) metabolically inactivating

Question 5

Heavy metals are effective antimicrobial agents but are not widely used because of their high toxicity to humans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

An experiment was done to determine the decimal reduction time of a specific population of organisms at 80oC.The data is indicated by an arrow on the graph.Which labeled line represents the likely results if the experiment was repeated at the same temperature,but starting with a larger number of organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) Line A 
B) Line B 
C) Line C 
D) Line D   
A) Line A 
B) Line B 
C) Line C 
D) Line D

Question 7

Amphipathic organic molecules that serve as disinfectants by disrupting membranes and denaturing proteins are called

Accepted Answer

A) sterilants. 
B) oxidants. 
C) detergents. 
D) soaps. 
A) sterilants. 
B) oxidants. 
C) detergents. 
D) soaps.

Question 8

Fecal transplants have been successfully used to treat Clostridium difficile colitis by reintroducing healthy fecal microbiota that outcompete the C.difficile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The disinfectant action of phenol and phenolic derivatives mainly is due to

Accepted Answer

A) its inherent detergent action. 
B) membrane damage and protein denaturation. 
C) oxidation of disulfide bonds in proteins. 
D) extraction of lipids from membranes. 
E) damage to nucleic acids and proteins caused by free radicals. 
A) its inherent detergent action. 
B) membrane damage and protein denaturation. 
C) oxidation of disulfide bonds in proteins. 
D) extraction of lipids from membranes. 
E) damage to nucleic acids and proteins caused by free radicals.

Question 10

An agent that prevents the growth of bacteria without causing irreversible damage to the bacteria is referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An agent that prevents the growth of...

Question 11

Moist heat sterilizes by

Accepted Answer

A) causing the formation of thymine dimers. 
B) denaturing proteins. 
C) causing production of singlet oxygen. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) causing the formation of thymine dimers. 
B) denaturing proteins. 
C) causing production of singlet oxygen. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 12

Alcohols are widely used as antiseptics and disinfectants because they are effective against endospores as well as vegetative cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following inhibits bacterial growth but does not kill bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) Lysozyme 
B) Bactericidal agent 
C) Bacteriostatic agent 
D) Antiseptic agent 
A) Lysozyme 
B) Bactericidal agent 
C) Bacteriostatic agent 
D) Antiseptic agent

Question 14

Bacterial pathogens may be controlled by ___________________,which are viruses that specifically infect and lyse the bacterial host.
or

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacterial pathogens may be controlled by ___________________,which...

Question 15

The type of filter used in a laminar flow biological safety cabinet is called a(n)__________ filter.

Accepted Answer

HEPA (high

Question 16

Which of the following is not a method of heat sterilization?

Accepted Answer

A) Autoclaving 
B) Incineration 
C) Pasteurization 
D) Heating in a dry air oven 
A) Autoclaving 
B) Incineration 
C) Pasteurization 
D) Heating in a dry air oven

Question 17

All germicides are capable of killing all pathogenic organisms and endospores.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is true about membrane filters?

Accepted Answer

A) It can be used only to remove organisms from liquids. 
B) It does not truly sterilize because it removes rather than kills microorganisms. 
C) It can be used only to remove organisms from liquids and it does not truly sterilize because it removes rather than kills microorganisms. 
D) It can't be depended on to remove all viruses from liquids. 
A) It can be used only to remove organisms from liquids. 
B) It does not truly sterilize because it removes rather than kills microorganisms. 
C) It can be used only to remove organisms from liquids and it does not truly sterilize because it removes rather than kills microorganisms. 
D) It can't be depended on to remove all viruses from liquids.

Question 19

The time required to kill 90% of the microorganisms or spores in a sample at a specified temperature is the

Accepted Answer

A) thermal death time (TDT). 
B) thermal death point (TDP). 
C) decimal reduction time (D value). 
D) z value. 
A) thermal death time (TDT). 
B) thermal death point (TDP). 
C) decimal reduction time (D value). 
D) z value.

Question 20

The reduction of the microbial population to levels that are considered safe by public health standards is called

Accepted Answer

A) disinfection. 
B) antisepsis. 
C) sterilization. 
D) sanitization. 
A) disinfection. 
B) antisepsis. 
C) sterilization. 
D) sanitization.

Exam 8: Control of Microorganisms in the Environment

Which of the following is MOST effective against resistant endospores?

Larger populations generally are killed as rapidly as smaller populations.

Pasteurization is used to

Sterilization involves __________ all viable microorganisms.

Heavy metals are effective antimicrobial agents but are not widely used because of their high toxicity to humans.

Amphipathic organic molecules that serve as disinfectants by disrupting membranes and denaturing proteins are called

Fecal transplants have been successfully used to treat Clostridium difficile colitis by reintroducing healthy fecal microbiota that outcompete the C.difficile.

The disinfectant action of phenol and phenolic derivatives mainly is due to

An agent that prevents the growth of bacteria without causing irreversible damage to the bacteria is referred to as __________.

Moist heat sterilizes by

Alcohols are widely used as antiseptics and disinfectants because they are effective against endospores as well as vegetative cells.

Which of the following inhibits bacterial growth but does not kill bacteria?

Bacterial pathogens may be controlled by ___________________,which are viruses that specifically infect and lyse the bacterial host. or

The type of filter used in a laminar flow biological safety cabinet is called a(n)__________ filter.

Which of the following is not a method of heat sterilization?

All germicides are capable of killing all pathogenic organisms and endospores.

Which of the following is true about membrane filters?

The time required to kill 90% of the microorganisms or spores in a sample at a specified temperature is the

The reduction of the microbial population to levels that are considered safe by public health standards is called

The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microscopy

Bacterial Cell Structure

Archaeal Cell Structure

Eukaryotic Cell Structure

Viruses and Other Acellular Infectious Agents

Microbial Growth

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Introduction to Metabolism

Catabolism: Energy Release and Conservation

Anabolism: the Use of Energy in Biosynthesis

Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

Regulation of Bacterial Cellular Processes

Eukaryotic and Archaeal Genome Replication and Expression

Mechanisms of Genetic Variation

Recombinant DNA Technology

Microbial Genomics

Microbial Taxonomy and the Evolution of Diversity

Archaea

The Deinococci, Mollicutes, and Nonproteobacterial Gram-Negative Bacteria

The Proteobacteria

Firmicutes: The Low G-C Gram-Positive Bacteria

Actinobacteria: the High G-C Gram-Positive Bacteria

Protists

Fungi Eumycota

Viruses

Biogeochemical Cycling and Global Climate Change

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microorganisms in Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems

Microorganisms in Terrestrial Ecosystems

Microbial Interactions

Innate Host Resistance

Adaptive Immunity

Pathogenicity and Infection

Clinical Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology and Public Health Microbiology

Human Diseases Caused by Viruses and Prions

Human Diseases Caused by Bacteria

Human Diseases Caused by Fungi and Protists

Microbiology of Food

Biotechnology and Industrial Microbiology

Applied Environmental Microbiology

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