Exam 1: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

All cellular organisms can be placed into one of three __________,which include the Bacteria,Archaea,and the Eukarya.

A new microbe has been discovered in the rumen of sheep.Microscopy shows no evidence of a nuclear membrane and biochemical studies of the cell wall demonstrate the lack of peptidoglycan.Metabolic studies show that this microbe generates methane.This microbe would most likely be classified in the:

Agastino Bassi demonstrated that a type of silkworm disease was caused by a fungus and proposed that many diseases are caused by microorganisms.

Extant microorganisms are organisms from the fossil record that are no longer present on Earth today.

The concept that living organisms arise from nonliving material is called

Studies by Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato demonstrated that inactivated toxins can induce the synthesis of antitoxins in the blood of rabbits.These antitoxins (antibodies)are the basis of

__________ discovered that soil bacteria could oxidize iron,sulfur,and ammonia to obtain energy.

Viruses are not generally studied by microbiologists because they are not classified as living organisms.

Who of the following was the first to observe and accurately describe microorganisms?

Whose work on spontaneous generation first demonstrated the existence of a very heat-resistant form of bacteria that are called endospores?

Some microorganisms are useful in bioremediation processes that reduce the effects of pollution.

Who of the following provided the evidence needed to discredit the concept of spontaneous generation?

The earliest microbial fossils that have been found are dated from approximately 4.5 million years ago.

Microbiologists study a variety of organisms,but all are considered either Bacteria or Archaea.

Archaea are cellular organisms that have unique cell membrane __________.