Question 1

When methanogens convert carbon dioxide to methane,it is a(n)______ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic 
B)  oxidation 
C)  reduction 
D)  ammonification 
A)  aerobic 
B)  oxidation 
C)  reduction 
D)  ammonification

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding biogeochemical cycles is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Recycling keeps nutrients in balance. 
B)  All elements originate from a nonliving, long-term reservoir. 
C)  All organisms directly participate in recycling. 
D)  Cycles are simple systems between living and nonliving components. 
E)  Elements cycle through biotic and abiotic environments. 
A)  Recycling keeps nutrients in balance. 
B)  All elements originate from a nonliving, long-term reservoir. 
C)  All organisms directly participate in recycling. 
D)  Cycles are simple systems between living and nonliving components. 
E)  Elements cycle through biotic and abiotic environments.

Question 3

Organisms whose sole source of carbon for growth is CO2 are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  consumers 
B)  autotrophs 
C)  decomposers 
D)  saprophytes 
E)  lithotrophs 
A)  consumers 
B)  autotrophs 
C)  decomposers 
D)  saprophytes 
E)  lithotrophs

Question 4

Which crop plant would likely have a mutualistic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potatoes 
B)  Peas 
C)  Corn 
D)  Wheat 
E)  Cotton 
A)  Potatoes 
B)  Peas 
C)  Corn 
D)  Wheat 
E)  Cotton

Question 5

The study of the practical uses of microbes in various industries and technologies is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  applied microbiology 
B)  bioengineering 
C)  industrial microbiology 
D)  biotechnology 
E)  microbial ecology 
A)  applied microbiology 
B)  bioengineering 
C)  industrial microbiology 
D)  biotechnology 
E)  microbial ecology

Question 6

A collection of organisms,together with the physical and chemical factors in their environment,are called a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrosphere 
B)  lithosphere 
C)  ecosystem 
D)  atmosphere 
E)  biosphere 
A)  hydrosphere 
B)  lithosphere 
C)  ecosystem 
D)  atmosphere 
E)  biosphere

Question 7

Which of the following types of microbes is most likely to be found in the sediment of Lake Michigan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mesophiles; temperatures in the hypolimnion support growth in the 4-9°C range 
B)  Autotrophs; their carbon source is dissolved carbon dioxide 
C)  Cyanobacteria; seasonal upwelling of nutrients can cause dramatic increases in their numbers 
D)  Anaerobes; oxygen is least abundant in the sediment layer 
A)  Mesophiles; temperatures in the hypolimnion support growth in the 4-9°C range 
B)  Autotrophs; their carbon source is dissolved carbon dioxide 
C)  Cyanobacteria; seasonal upwelling of nutrients can cause dramatic increases in their numbers 
D)  Anaerobes; oxygen is least abundant in the sediment layer

Question 8

Eutrophication

Accepted Answer

A)  restricts the O2 supply to water below the surface. 
B)  is characterized by heavy surface algal blooms. 
C)  occurs when there are excess nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. 
D)  causes massive die-off of fish and invertebrates. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  restricts the O2 supply to water below the surface. 
B)  is characterized by heavy surface algal blooms. 
C)  occurs when there are excess nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. 
D)  causes massive die-off of fish and invertebrates. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Nutrient deficient aquatic ecosystems are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  oligotrophic 
B)  autotrophic 
C)  hypotrophic 
D)  epitrophic 
E)  eutrophic 
A)  oligotrophic 
B)  autotrophic 
C)  hypotrophic 
D)  epitrophic 
E)  eutrophic

Question 10

The bacterium Thiobacillus secretes sulfuric acid into the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

How are the sulfur cycle and the phosphate cycle interconnected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphate is the nutrient source used by sulfur oxidizers. 
B)  Sulfite is the nutrient used by phosphate reducers. 
C)  Sulfate and phosphate react together to produce amino acids for protein production. 
D)  Phosphate is released from rock and soil by sulfuric acid. 
A)  Phosphate is the nutrient source used by sulfur oxidizers. 
B)  Sulfite is the nutrient used by phosphate reducers. 
C)  Sulfate and phosphate react together to produce amino acids for protein production. 
D)  Phosphate is released from rock and soil by sulfuric acid.

Question 12

Which trophic level forms the base of a food chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary producers 
B)  Quaternary consumers 
C)  Tertiary consumers 
D)  Secondary consumers 
E)  Primary consumers 
A)  Primary producers 
B)  Quaternary consumers 
C)  Tertiary consumers 
D)  Secondary consumers 
E)  Primary consumers

Question 13

Scientists have learned the full extent of viral abundance on earth because

Accepted Answer

A)  the final step of the viral life cycle, release of mature viruses and cell lysis, releases millions of viruses. 
B)  metagenomic sequencing has identified viruses in a broad variety of environments. 
C)  a wide variety of microbes is available to act as hosts for these viruses. 
D)  viruses are known to grow on all life forms: animal, plant, fungi, and bacteria. 
A)  the final step of the viral life cycle, release of mature viruses and cell lysis, releases millions of viruses. 
B)  metagenomic sequencing has identified viruses in a broad variety of environments. 
C)  a wide variety of microbes is available to act as hosts for these viruses. 
D)  viruses are known to grow on all life forms: animal, plant, fungi, and bacteria.

Question 14

The physical location in the environment to which an organism has adapted is its ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  biome 
B)  community 
C)  habitat 
D)  niche 
E)  population 
A)  biome 
B)  community 
C)  habitat 
D)  niche 
E)  population

Question 15

Consider a deep sea hydrothermal vent.Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its biome is the deep marine biopshere. 
B)  The vent hosts communities of chemolithotrophic bacteria. 
C)  The associated chemolithotrophs are primary producers. 
D)  The vent is a habitat. 
A)  Its biome is the deep marine biopshere. 
B)  The vent hosts communities of chemolithotrophic bacteria. 
C)  The associated chemolithotrophs are primary producers. 
D)  The vent is a habitat.

Question 16

The study of interactions between microbes and their environment and how those interactions affect the earth is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  applied microbiology 
B)  bioengineering 
C)  microbial ecology 
D)  industrial microbiology 
E)  biotechnology 
A)  applied microbiology 
B)  bioengineering 
C)  microbial ecology 
D)  industrial microbiology 
E)  biotechnology

Question 17

Methane is a significant part of the carbon cycle in ______ environments dominated by methanogens.

Accepted Answer

A)  autotrophic 
B)  anaerobic 
C)  thermophilic 
D)  oligotrophic 
A)  autotrophic 
B)  anaerobic 
C)  thermophilic 
D)  oligotrophic

Question 18

The energy of the sun is converted into chemical energy during ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrification 
B)  denitrification 
C)  photosynthesis 
D)  ammonification 
E)  nitrogen fixation 
A)  nitrification 
B)  denitrification 
C)  photosynthesis 
D)  ammonification 
E)  nitrogen fixation

Question 19

Living or dead organisms that occupy an organism's habitat are called biotic factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Heterotrophs include

Accepted Answer

A)  producers only. 
B)  consumers only. 
C)  consumers and decomposers. 
D)  producers and consumers. 
E)  producers, consumers, and decomposers. 
A)  producers only. 
B)  consumers only. 
C)  consumers and decomposers. 
D)  producers and consumers. 
E)  producers, consumers, and decomposers.

Exam 24: Microbes and the Environment

When methanogens convert carbon dioxide to methane,it is a(n)______ reaction.

Which of the following statements regarding biogeochemical cycles is incorrect?

Organisms whose sole source of carbon for growth is CO2 are called ______.

Which crop plant would likely have a mutualistic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria?

The study of the practical uses of microbes in various industries and technologies is ______.

A collection of organisms,together with the physical and chemical factors in their environment,are called a(n) ______.

Which of the following types of microbes is most likely to be found in the sediment of Lake Michigan?

Eutrophication

Nutrient deficient aquatic ecosystems are called ______.

The bacterium Thiobacillus secretes sulfuric acid into the environment.

How are the sulfur cycle and the phosphate cycle interconnected?

Which trophic level forms the base of a food chain?

Scientists have learned the full extent of viral abundance on earth because

The physical location in the environment to which an organism has adapted is its ______.

Consider a deep sea hydrothermal vent.Which of the following statements is incorrect?

The study of interactions between microbes and their environment and how those interactions affect the earth is called ______.

Methane is a significant part of the carbon cycle in ______ environments dominated by methanogens.

The energy of the sun is converted into chemical energy during ______.

Living or dead organisms that occupy an organism's habitat are called biotic factors.

Heterotrophs include

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

Organisms whose sole source of carbon for growth is CO₂ are called ______.