Question 1

Why does having a large sample size give more reliable results?

Accepted Answer

The larger the sampl

Question 2

Based on previous published data and some preliminary experiments done in my lab,I hypothesize that a drug called "shrinkase" will inhibit the growth of a particular type of cancerous tumor.What is my next step in the scientific process?

Accepted Answer

A)  find people with that kind of tumor 
B)  obtain a large supply of shrinkase 
C)  determine what my control and experimental groups will be 
D)  submit my hypothesis for peer review 
E)  analyze the results of my experiments 
A)  find people with that kind of tumor 
B)  obtain a large supply of shrinkase 
C)  determine what my control and experimental groups will be 
D)  submit my hypothesis for peer review 
E)  analyze the results of my experiments

Question 3

In designing a scientific research project,the ideal control group should

Accepted Answer

A)  be identical to the placebo group. 
B)  be identical to the experimental group but receive the placebo. 
C)  receive the placebo or receive no experimental manipulation. 
D)  be identical to the experimental group. 
E)  be identical to the independent variable. 
A)  be identical to the placebo group. 
B)  be identical to the experimental group but receive the placebo. 
C)  receive the placebo or receive no experimental manipulation. 
D)  be identical to the experimental group. 
E)  be identical to the independent variable.

Question 4

What is the importance of peer review in the scientific process?

Accepted Answer

A)  It helps a scientist formulate a hypothesis. 
B)  It helps a scientist choose test subjects. 
C)  It ensures that a study has been appropriately designed and correctly interpreted. 
D)  It helps the scientist collect data. 
E)  It is the first step in any scientific study. 
A)  It helps a scientist formulate a hypothesis. 
B)  It helps a scientist choose test subjects. 
C)  It ensures that a study has been appropriately designed and correctly interpreted. 
D)  It helps the scientist collect data. 
E)  It is the first step in any scientific study.

Question 5

Use the following information to answer Questions 
A scientific study looked at the effect of tanning beds on DNA damage. The scientists took skin cells and exposed them to UV radiation (the type used in indoor tanning beds) for different lengths of time: some for 1 minute, some for 5 minutes, some for 15 minutes, and some for 30 minutes. They then looked for signs of DNA damage and compared the results to cells that had never been exposed to UV light.
-What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of skin cells 
B)  the type of light 
C)  the length of time the cells are exposed to UV light 
D)  the untreated cells 
E)  the amount of DNA damage in the cells 
A)  the number of skin cells 
B)  the type of light 
C)  the length of time the cells are exposed to UV light 
D)  the untreated cells 
E)  the amount of DNA damage in the cells

Question 6

Correlation is

Accepted Answer

A)  a problem encountered when the drug under study causes many different reactions. 
B)  a type of study in which researchers examine what happens to a group of people over time. 
C)  when one variable causes an observed result. 
D)  when two variables are related to one another in a predictable manner. 
E)  when the effect of one variable hides the effect of the other variable. 
A)  a problem encountered when the drug under study causes many different reactions. 
B)  a type of study in which researchers examine what happens to a group of people over time. 
C)  when one variable causes an observed result. 
D)  when two variables are related to one another in a predictable manner. 
E)  when the effect of one variable hides the effect of the other variable.

Question 7

Which is NOT an everyday (non-scientific)theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  If you carry and umbrella it won't rain. 
B)  Evolution occurs by natural selection. 
C)  The freezer is the best place for valuables. 
D)  Wearing bright clothes cheers one up. 
E)  3000 subjects perform better after a full night's sleep. 
A)  If you carry and umbrella it won't rain. 
B)  Evolution occurs by natural selection. 
C)  The freezer is the best place for valuables. 
D)  Wearing bright clothes cheers one up. 
E)  3000 subjects perform better after a full night's sleep.

Question 8

The study of the incidence of disease in a population that cannot be directly manipulated is called

Accepted Answer

A)  an experiment. 
B)  population biology. 
C)  evolutionary biology. 
D)  epidemiology. 
E)  systemic biology. 
A)  an experiment. 
B)  population biology. 
C)  evolutionary biology. 
D)  epidemiology. 
E)  systemic biology.

Question 9

Use the following information to answer Questions 
A scientific study looked at the effect of tanning beds on DNA damage. The scientists took skin cells and exposed them to UV radiation (the type used in indoor tanning beds) for different lengths of time: some for 1 minute, some for 5 minutes, some for 15 minutes, and some for 30 minutes. They then looked for signs of DNA damage and compared the results to cells that had never been exposed to UV light.
-What is the control in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of skin cells 
B)  the type of light 
C)  the length of time the cells are exposed to UV light 
D)  the untreated cells 
E)  the amount of DNA damage in the cells 
A)  the number of skin cells 
B)  the type of light 
C)  the length of time the cells are exposed to UV light 
D)  the untreated cells 
E)  the amount of DNA damage in the cells

Question 10

Describe the features of an experimental group versus a control group―for example,in an experiment whose hypothesis is "consuming coffee improves memory."

Accepted Answer

The experimental group will contain subj

Question 11

In a well-designed experiment the independent variable

Accepted Answer

A)  does not depend on another factor or condition. 
B)  changes from subject to subject randomly. 
C)  can never be manipulated by the researcher. 
D)  will depend on the dependent variable. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  does not depend on another factor or condition. 
B)  changes from subject to subject randomly. 
C)  can never be manipulated by the researcher. 
D)  will depend on the dependent variable. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 12

Use the following information to answer Questions 
To test the effectiveness of a new drug designed to improve concentration in children with hyperactivity disorder, a researcher divided 100 children with hyperactivity disorder into two groups of 50 children each. First, both groups received a test to determine the length of time they could study a word list before their attention wandered. Then, group 1 received the new drug while group 2 received a sugar pill. One hour later, both groups took the concentration test again.
-Which group is the experimental group and which is the control group?

Accepted Answer

Group 1 is the exper

Question 13

Use the following information to answer Questions 
To test the effectiveness of a new drug designed to improve concentration in children with hyperactivity disorder, a researcher divided 100 children with hyperactivity disorder into two groups of 50 children each. First, both groups received a test to determine the length of time they could study a word list before their attention wandered. Then, group 1 received the new drug while group 2 received a sugar pill. One hour later, both groups took the concentration test again.
-Why did group 2 receive a sugar pill instead of simply not taking anything at all?

Accepted Answer

Group 2 received the sugar pil

Question 14

What conclusions can be drawn from a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) If evidence supports the hypothesis,the hypothesis is considered scientific theory. 
B) If evidence rejects the hypothesis,then it can be removed from the list of possible answers to the original question. 
C) If data support the hypothesis,then it is accepted and further testing is not warranted. 
D) If there is data to support the hypothesis,then it is accepted until further testing suggests otherwise. 
E) Both B and D. 
A) If evidence supports the hypothesis,the hypothesis is considered scientific theory. 
B) If evidence rejects the hypothesis,then it can be removed from the list of possible answers to the original question. 
C) If data support the hypothesis,then it is accepted and further testing is not warranted. 
D) If there is data to support the hypothesis,then it is accepted until further testing suggests otherwise. 
E) Both B and D.

Question 15

All of the following are true of a scientific hypothesis EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  it is an opinion. 
B)  it is an educated guess to explain an observation. 
C)  there must be a way to test the hypothesis. 
D)  there must exist a possibility of obtaining a result that could prove your hypothesis wrong. 
E)  there must exist a possibility of obtaining a result that could support your hypothesis. 
A)  it is an opinion. 
B)  it is an educated guess to explain an observation. 
C)  there must be a way to test the hypothesis. 
D)  there must exist a possibility of obtaining a result that could prove your hypothesis wrong. 
E)  there must exist a possibility of obtaining a result that could support your hypothesis.

Question 16

Which news source is the most reliable source of scientific advances?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wikipedia 
B)  A peer-reviewed scientific journal 
C)  A newspaper 
D)  A popular science news website 
E)  The evening television news 
A)  Wikipedia 
B)  A peer-reviewed scientific journal 
C)  A newspaper 
D)  A popular science news website 
E)  The evening television news

Question 17

Caffeine can

Accepted Answer

A)  help enhance memory. 
B)  cause anxiety. 
C)  cause seizures. 
D)  increase urination. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  help enhance memory. 
B)  cause anxiety. 
C)  cause seizures. 
D)  increase urination. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 18

A controlled experiment must

Accepted Answer

A)  have a dependent variable. 
B)  have an independent variable. 
C)  be falsifiable. 
D)  be repeatable. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  have a dependent variable. 
B)  have an independent variable. 
C)  be falsifiable. 
D)  be repeatable. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 19

Two studies were conducted to determine if a new drug was effective at reducing tumor size in patients with lung cancer.One study examined men and found that the drug reduced tumor size by 45%; the other study,conducted on women,concluded that the drug had no effect.Is it possible that the results of both studies are correct? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The results of both studies ma

Question 20

A negative correlation in a scientific study means

Accepted Answer

A)  one variable causes a change in another variable. 
B)  one variable is linked to another variable. 
C)  one variable increases while the other decreases. 
D)  there is no link between the variables studied. 
E)  both variables decrease proportionately. 
A)  one variable causes a change in another variable. 
B)  one variable is linked to another variable. 
C)  one variable increases while the other decreases. 
D)  there is no link between the variables studied. 
E)  both variables decrease proportionately.

Exam 1: The Process of Science Java Report

Why does having a large sample size give more reliable results?

Based on previous published data and some preliminary experiments done in my lab,I hypothesize that a drug called "shrinkase" will inhibit the growth of a particular type of cancerous tumor.What is my next step in the scientific process?

In designing a scientific research project,the ideal control group should

What is the importance of peer review in the scientific process?

Correlation is

Which is NOT an everyday (non-scientific)theory?

The study of the incidence of disease in a population that cannot be directly manipulated is called

Describe the features of an experimental group versus a control group―for example,in an experiment whose hypothesis is "consuming coffee improves memory."

In a well-designed experiment the independent variable

What conclusions can be drawn from a hypothesis?

All of the following are true of a scientific hypothesis EXCEPT

Which news source is the most reliable source of scientific advances?

Caffeine can

A controlled experiment must

A negative correlation in a scientific study means

Chemistry and Molecules of Life Mission to Mars

Cell Function and Structure Wonder Drug

Nutrition,metabolism,enzymes the Peanut Butter Project

Energy Flow and Photosynthesis the Future of Fuel

Dietary Energy and Cellular Respiration Supersize Me

DNA Structure and Replication Biologically Unique

Genes to Proteins Medicine From Milk

Cell Division and Mitosis Natures Pharmacy

Mutations and Cancer Fighting Fate

Single-Gene Inheritance and Meiosis Rock for a Cause

Complex Inheritance Qa: Genetics

Stem Cells and Cell Differentiation Grow Your Own

Natural Selection and Adaptation Bugs That Resist Drugs

A: Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation Urban Evolution

B: Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation Urban Evolution

Evidence for Evolution a Fish With Fingers

Life on Earth Qa: Evolution

Prokaryotic Diversity Lost City

A: Eukaryotic Diversity Rain Forest Riches

B: Eukaryotic Diversity Rain Forest Riches

Human Evolution Skin Deep

A: Population Ecology on the Tracks of Wolves and Moose

B: Population Ecology on the Tracks of Wolves and Moose

A: Community Ecology Whats Happening to Honey Bees

B: Community Ecology Whats Happening to Honey Bees

A: Ecosystem Ecology the Heat Is on

B: Ecosystem Ecology the Heat Is on

A: Sustainability the Makings of a Green City

B: Sustainability the Makings of a Green City

A: Overview of Physiology Man Versus Mountain

B: Overview of Physiology Man Versus Mountain

Digestive System Drastic Measures

A: Cardiovascular System Death in Bogalusa

B: Cardiovascular System Death in Bogalusa

Respiratory System Peak Performance

A: Central Nervous System Smoke on the Brain

B: Central Nervous System Smoke on the Brain

Reproductive System Too Many Multiples

Immune System Viral Mysteries

A: Plant Physiology

B: Plant Physiology

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