Question 1

The structures present in the hay infusions used in experiments on Spontaneous Generation that made them difficult to sterilize are

Accepted Answer

A)  chlorophyll. 
B)  toxins. 
C)  organelles. 
D)  endospores. 
A)  chlorophyll. 
B)  toxins. 
C)  organelles. 
D)  endospores.

Question 2

Microorganisms are involved in

Accepted Answer

A)  production of medicinal products. 
B)  transforming atmospheric nitrogen to a form useful to plants. 
C)  food production. 
D)  pollution cleanup. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  production of medicinal products. 
B)  transforming atmospheric nitrogen to a form useful to plants. 
C)  food production. 
D)  pollution cleanup. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 3

Bacteria are useful to study because

Accepted Answer

A)  they produce protein in a similar manner to more complex organisms. 
B)  they replicate DNA in a similar manner to more complex organisms. 
C)  they produce energy in a similar manner to more complex organisms. 
D)  they are grown quickly, easily, and cheaply. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  they produce protein in a similar manner to more complex organisms. 
B)  they replicate DNA in a similar manner to more complex organisms. 
C)  they produce energy in a similar manner to more complex organisms. 
D)  they are grown quickly, easily, and cheaply. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 4

Both viruses and viroids are

Accepted Answer

A)  capable of independent reproduction. 
B)  obligate intracellular parasites. 
C)  interdependent with one another for reproduction. 
D)  larger than most bacteria in size. 
A)  capable of independent reproduction. 
B)  obligate intracellular parasites. 
C)  interdependent with one another for reproduction. 
D)  larger than most bacteria in size.

Question 5

Which is usually true of Archaea?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are found as rods, spheres, or spirals. 
B)  They reproduce by binary fission. 
C)  They contain rigid cell walls. 
D)  They are found as single cells. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  They are found as rods, spheres, or spirals. 
B)  They reproduce by binary fission. 
C)  They contain rigid cell walls. 
D)  They are found as single cells. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 6

Scientists recently cloned Louis Pasteur and put him back to work in a modern lab. He promptly developed a gel that breaks down proteins. Since he hasn't been around for some time, he's unsure what the best application for his invention might be. Help him out-what pathogenic item would this gel be most effective and safe at eliminating?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viroids on the surface of agricultural plant tissues. 
B)  Prions inside the central nervous system of cows. 
C)  Viruses on the surface of the skin. 
D)  Bacteria in the intestines of human beings. 
E)  The fungus that causes athlete's foot between people's toes. 
A)  Viroids on the surface of agricultural plant tissues. 
B)  Prions inside the central nervous system of cows. 
C)  Viruses on the surface of the skin. 
D)  Bacteria in the intestines of human beings. 
E)  The fungus that causes athlete's foot between people's toes.

Question 7

Viruses and bacteria are both based on the unit of a cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Viroids

Accepted Answer

A)  are naked (lacking a protein shell) pieces of RNA. 
B)  are naked (lacking a protein shell) pieces of DNA. 
C)  are known to cause neurodegenerative diseases in animals. 
D)  are composed of protein encasing DNA. 
E)  are known to cause neurodegenerative diseases in animals AND are composed of protein encasing DNA. 
A)  are naked (lacking a protein shell) pieces of RNA. 
B)  are naked (lacking a protein shell) pieces of DNA. 
C)  are known to cause neurodegenerative diseases in animals. 
D)  are composed of protein encasing DNA. 
E)  are known to cause neurodegenerative diseases in animals AND are composed of protein encasing DNA.

Question 9

The cell types which lack a membrane bound nucleus are found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  eukaryotes. 
B)  prokaryotes. 
C)  archaea. 
D)  protista. 
E)  prokaryotes AND archaea. 
A)  eukaryotes. 
B)  prokaryotes. 
C)  archaea. 
D)  protista. 
E)  prokaryotes AND archaea.

Question 10

The human body only contains bacteria during illness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A scientist discovers a new species near coral reefs in Australia. On basic microscopic examination and after conducting a few simple experiments, he finds that this single-celled species is photosynthetic (using sunlight for energy), has a rigid cell wall structure with no peptidoglycan, uses a flagellum for motion, and contains a variety of internal structures that are bound by plasma membranes. Given this information, this new species is most likely a ______ cell in the _____ subcategory.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial; eubacterial 
B)  eukaryotic; fungus 
C)  archaebacterial; fungus 
D)  eukaryotic; algae 
E)  eukaryotic; protozoan 
A)  bacterial; eubacterial 
B)  eukaryotic; fungus 
C)  archaebacterial; fungus 
D)  eukaryotic; algae 
E)  eukaryotic; protozoan

Question 12

The opposite results obtained by scientists apparently doing the same experiments in investigating spontaneous generation

Accepted Answer

A)  shows the importance of repeating experiments. 
B)  shows the importance of exactly duplicating experimental conditions. 
C)  led to further experiments that ultimately furthered knowledge. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  shows the importance of repeating experiments. 
B)  shows the importance of exactly duplicating experimental conditions. 
C)  led to further experiments that ultimately furthered knowledge. 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

Microorganisms are involved in

Accepted Answer

A)  causing disease. 
B)  curing/treating disease. 
C)  preparing food. 
D)  cleaning up pollutants. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  causing disease. 
B)  curing/treating disease. 
C)  preparing food. 
D)  cleaning up pollutants. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 14

Which of these may pertain to the term strain?

Accepted Answer

A)  E. coli 0157:H7 
B) E. coli 
C)  minor variation of a species 
D)  major variation of a species 
E)  E. coli 0157:H7 AND minor variation of a species 
A)  E. coli 0157:H7 
B) E. coli 
C)  minor variation of a species 
D)  major variation of a species 
E)  E. coli 0157:H7 AND minor variation of a species

Question 15

HIV/AIDS can be categorized as a new or emerging infectious disease. By putting it into this category, we are effectively saying that

Accepted Answer

A)  this infection hasn't been observed in the human population prior to recent (approximately 50 years or sooner) outbreaks. 
B)  this disease has been in susceptible populations for centuries, but has only recently achieved infection levels that became detectable. 
C)  the infectious agent is still evolving and changing, unlike with older, more established diseases such as plague or polio. 
D)  the disease has always been in susceptible populations and causing disease, but we lacked the technology to detect it. 
A)  this infection hasn't been observed in the human population prior to recent (approximately 50 years or sooner) outbreaks. 
B)  this disease has been in susceptible populations for centuries, but has only recently achieved infection levels that became detectable. 
C)  the infectious agent is still evolving and changing, unlike with older, more established diseases such as plague or polio. 
D)  the disease has always been in susceptible populations and causing disease, but we lacked the technology to detect it.

Question 16

Organisms

Accepted Answer

A)  may be classified in four domains. 
B)  may be classified in three domains. 
C)  probably do not have a common ancestor. 
D)  have never shared genes between domains. 
E)  may be classified in three domains, probably do not have a common ancestor AND have never shared genes between domains. 
A)  may be classified in four domains. 
B)  may be classified in three domains. 
C)  probably do not have a common ancestor. 
D)  have never shared genes between domains. 
E)  may be classified in three domains, probably do not have a common ancestor AND have never shared genes between domains.

Question 17

The smallest organism is probably determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of molecules necessary for its growth and replication. 
B)  the size of the molecules necessary for its growth and replication. 
C)  its membrane. 
D)  its volume. 
E)  the number of molecules necessary for its growth and replication AND the size of the molecules necessary for its growth and replication. 
A)  the number of molecules necessary for its growth and replication. 
B)  the size of the molecules necessary for its growth and replication. 
C)  its membrane. 
D)  its volume. 
E)  the number of molecules necessary for its growth and replication AND the size of the molecules necessary for its growth and replication.

Question 18

The scientist usually considered the first to see microorganisms, which he called "animalcules", was

Accepted Answer

A)  Redi 
B)  van Leeuwenhoek 
C)  Pasteur 
D)  Tyndall 
A)  Redi 
B)  van Leeuwenhoek 
C)  Pasteur 
D)  Tyndall

Question 19

A new organism was found that was unicellular and 1 cm long. The "large" size of this organism alone would

Accepted Answer

A)  mean that it could not be a bacterium. 
B)  mean that it had to be a protista. 
C)  mean little. 
D)  mean that it had to be in the domain Eukarya. 
A)  mean that it could not be a bacterium. 
B)  mean that it had to be a protista. 
C)  mean little. 
D)  mean that it had to be in the domain Eukarya.

Question 20

Viruses simultaneously contain DNA, RNA and protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: Humans and the Microbial World

The structures present in the hay infusions used in experiments on Spontaneous Generation that made them difficult to sterilize are

Microorganisms are involved in

Bacteria are useful to study because

Both viruses and viroids are

Which is usually true of Archaea?

Viruses and bacteria are both based on the unit of a cell.

Viroids

The cell types which lack a membrane bound nucleus are found in the

The human body only contains bacteria during illness.

The opposite results obtained by scientists apparently doing the same experiments in investigating spontaneous generation

Microorganisms are involved in

Which of these may pertain to the term strain?

HIV/AIDS can be categorized as a new or emerging infectious disease. By putting it into this category, we are effectively saying that

Organisms

The smallest organism is probably determined by

The scientist usually considered the first to see microorganisms, which he called "animalcules", was

A new organism was found that was unicellular and 1 cm long. The "large" size of this organism alone would

Viruses simultaneously contain DNA, RNA and protein.

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotes

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Infections

Nervous System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Hiv Disease and Complications of Immunodeficiency

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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