Question 1

The blood-brain barrier

Accepted Answer

A) Is formed by cells lining tiny blood vessels in the brain 
B) Is present in all parts of the brain 
C) Prevents entry of all lipid-insoluble molecules into the brain 
D) Both is formed by cells lining tiny blood vessels in the brain and prevents entry of all lipid-insoluble molecules into the brain are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) Is formed by cells lining tiny blood vessels in the brain 
B) Is present in all parts of the brain 
C) Prevents entry of all lipid-insoluble molecules into the brain 
D) Both is formed by cells lining tiny blood vessels in the brain and prevents entry of all lipid-insoluble molecules into the brain are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 2

At an excitatory synapse,

Accepted Answer

A) There is increased permeability of the postsynaptic cell to both Na+ and K+ 
B) A small hyperpolarization occurs 
C) An action potential in the presynaptic neuron always causes an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron 
D) Both there is increased permeability of the postsynaptic cell to both Na+ and K+ and a small hyperpolarization occurs are correct 
E) None of the choices are correct 
A) There is increased permeability of the postsynaptic cell to both Na+ and K+ 
B) A small hyperpolarization occurs 
C) An action potential in the presynaptic neuron always causes an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron 
D) Both there is increased permeability of the postsynaptic cell to both Na+ and K+ and a small hyperpolarization occurs are correct 
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 3

Which of the following statements concerning the permeability of a typical nerve cell membrane at rest is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The permeability to Na ion is very much greater than the permeability to K ion 
B) All of the K ion channels in the membrane are open 
C) The voltage-gated Na ion channels are inactivated 
D) The voltage-gated Na ion channels are closed 
E) None of the choices are true 
A) The permeability to Na ion is very much greater than the permeability to K ion 
B) All of the K ion channels in the membrane are open 
C) The voltage-gated Na ion channels are inactivated 
D) The voltage-gated Na ion channels are closed 
E) None of the choices are true

Question 4

An inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Accepted Answer

A) Is produced by an increased permeability to both Na+ and K+ 
B) Is produced by an increased permeability to Cl- and/or K+ 
C) Is a small depolarization in a postsynaptic cell 
D) Can be summed with other IPSPs to trigger an action potential in the postsynaptic cell 
E) Both is produced by an increased permeability to both Na+ and K+ and can be summed with other IPSPs to trigger an action potential in the postsynaptic cell are correct 
A) Is produced by an increased permeability to both Na+ and K+ 
B) Is produced by an increased permeability to Cl- and/or K+ 
C) Is a small depolarization in a postsynaptic cell 
D) Can be summed with other IPSPs to trigger an action potential in the postsynaptic cell 
E) Both is produced by an increased permeability to both Na+ and K+ and can be summed with other IPSPs to trigger an action potential in the postsynaptic cell are correct

Question 5

Compartments A and B are separated by a membrane that is permeable to K+ but not to Cl-.At time zero,a solution of KCl is poured into compartment A and pure H2O is poured into compartment B.At equilibrium,

Accepted Answer

A) The concentration of K+ in A will be lower than it was at time zero 
B) Diffusion of K+ from A to B will be equal to the diffusion of K+ from B to A 
C) There will be a potential difference across the membrane,with side A negative relative to side B 
D) The electrical and diffusion potentials for K+ will be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) The concentration of K+ in A will be lower than it was at time zero 
B) Diffusion of K+ from A to B will be equal to the diffusion of K+ from B to A 
C) There will be a potential difference across the membrane,with side A negative relative to side B 
D) The electrical and diffusion potentials for K+ will be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 6

Which of the following statements concerning the properties of action potentials is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The rate of propagation of an action potential down an axon is independent of stimulus strength 
B) Action potentials can be summed 
C) A supra-threshold stimulus is required to stimulate an action potential during the absolute refractory period 
D) Action potentials are conducted decrementally down the axon 
E) None of the choices are true 
A) The rate of propagation of an action potential down an axon is independent of stimulus strength 
B) Action potentials can be summed 
C) A supra-threshold stimulus is required to stimulate an action potential during the absolute refractory period 
D) Action potentials are conducted decrementally down the axon 
E) None of the choices are true

Question 7

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is constant because the components of the extracellular and intracellular fluid are in equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Spinal nerves are composed of the axons of both afferent and efferent neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

During the rising (depolarizing)phase of an action potential,

Accepted Answer

A) PK+ becomes much greater than PNa+ 
B) PNa+ becomes much greater than PK+ 
C) PK+ is the same as PNa+ 
D) Na+ efflux (flow out of the cell) occurs 
E) None of the choices occur 
A) PK+ becomes much greater than PNa+ 
B) PNa+ becomes much greater than PK+ 
C) PK+ is the same as PNa+ 
D) Na+ efflux (flow out of the cell) occurs 
E) None of the choices occur

Question 10

Are propagated without decrement describes

Accepted Answer

A) Graded potentials 
B) Action potentials 
C) Both graded potentials and action potentials 
D) Neither graded potentials nor action potentials 
A) Graded potentials 
B) Action potentials 
C) Both graded potentials and action potentials 
D) Neither graded potentials nor action potentials

Question 11

The most abundant cells in the CNS are __________ cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most abundant cells in the CNS...

Question 12

The reticular formation of the brain

Accepted Answer

A) Is part of the cerebellum 
B) Is essential for life 
C) Sends and receives information from all regions of the CNS 
D) Both is part of the cerebellum and sends and receives information from all regions of the CNS are correct 
E) Both is essential for life and sends and receives information from all regions of the CNS are correct 
A) Is part of the cerebellum 
B) Is essential for life 
C) Sends and receives information from all regions of the CNS 
D) Both is part of the cerebellum and sends and receives information from all regions of the CNS are correct 
E) Both is essential for life and sends and receives information from all regions of the CNS are correct

Question 13

Compartments A and B are separated by a membrane that is permeable to K+ but not to Cl-.At time zero,a solution of KCl is poured into compartment A and pure H2O is poured into compartment B.Now they are emptied and the membrane replaced with one that is permeable to both K+ and Cl-,but no other ions.At time zero,a solution of NaCl is poured into compartment A and a solution of KA (A is an anion other than Cl-)is poured into compartment B.At equilibrium,

Accepted Answer

A) Compartment A will be negatively charged relative to B 
B) There is a net flux of K+ from B to A 
C) There is a concentration gradient favoring Cl- diffusion from A to B and this gradient is balanced by an electric force favoring diffusion from B to A 
D) Both there is a net flux of K+ from B to A and there is a concentration gradient favoring Cl- diffusion from A to B and this gradient is balanced by an electric force favoring diffusion from B to A are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) Compartment A will be negatively charged relative to B 
B) There is a net flux of K+ from B to A 
C) There is a concentration gradient favoring Cl- diffusion from A to B and this gradient is balanced by an electric force favoring diffusion from B to A 
D) Both there is a net flux of K+ from B to A and there is a concentration gradient favoring Cl- diffusion from A to B and this gradient is balanced by an electric force favoring diffusion from B to A are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 14

At the peak of the action potential,

Accepted Answer

A) The electrical gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell 
B) The concentration gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell 
C) The permeability for K+ greatly increases 
D) Both the electrical gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell and the concentration gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell occur 
E) The electrical gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell, the concentration gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell and the permeability for K+ greatly increases occur 
A) The electrical gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell 
B) The concentration gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell 
C) The permeability for K+ greatly increases 
D) Both the electrical gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell and the concentration gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell occur 
E) The electrical gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell, the concentration gradient for K+ tends to move this ion out of the cell and the permeability for K+ greatly increases occur

Question 15

A solution of water and ions is a (good/poor)conductor of electricity and thus offers (low/high)resistance to charge flow.These electrical properties are due to the ions in the solution,called ________.

Accepted Answer

good,low,e

Question 16

The maintenance of a resting potential in a neuron depends upon the functioning of the Na,K-ATPase pumps in the membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Glial cells

Accepted Answer

A) Help to form the blood-brain barrier 
B) Outnumber neurons in the central nervous system 
C) Form the myelin sheath of neuronal axons 
D) Both help to form the blood-brain barrier and outnumber neurons in the central nervous system are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) Help to form the blood-brain barrier 
B) Outnumber neurons in the central nervous system 
C) Form the myelin sheath of neuronal axons 
D) Both help to form the blood-brain barrier and outnumber neurons in the central nervous system are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 18

Axons typically have abundant

Accepted Answer

A) Voltage-regulated channels for Na+ that open in response to depolarization 
B) Voltage-regulated channels for K+ that open in response to hyperpolarization 
C) Receptor-mediated channels for Na+ 
D) Both voltage-regulated channels for Na+ that open in response to depolarization and voltage-regulated channels for K+ that open in response to hyperpolarization are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) Voltage-regulated channels for Na+ that open in response to depolarization 
B) Voltage-regulated channels for K+ that open in response to hyperpolarization 
C) Receptor-mediated channels for Na+ 
D) Both voltage-regulated channels for Na+ that open in response to depolarization and voltage-regulated channels for K+ that open in response to hyperpolarization are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 19

During the rising phase of an action potential,voltage-gated

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ channels open 
B) K+ channels open 
C) Na+ channels close 
D) K+ channels close 
E) Both Na+ channels open and K+ channels close are correct 
A) Na+ channels open 
B) K+ channels open 
C) Na+ channels close 
D) K+ channels close 
E) Both Na+ channels open and K+ channels close are correct

Question 20

Which of the following statements regarding the phases of an action potential is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) During the depolarizing phase, the permeability of the membrane to Na+ is greater than its permeability at rest 
B) During the repolarizing phase, the permeability of the membrane to K+ is greater than its permeability at rest 
C) The relative refractory period of the membrane coincides with the hyperpolarized and second repolarizing phases 
D) Both during the depolarizing phase, the permeability of the membrane to Na+ is greater than its permeability at rest and during the repolarizing phase, the permeability of the membrane to K+ is greater than its permeability at rest are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) During the depolarizing phase, the permeability of the membrane to Na+ is greater than its permeability at rest 
B) During the repolarizing phase, the permeability of the membrane to K+ is greater than its permeability at rest 
C) The relative refractory period of the membrane coincides with the hyperpolarized and second repolarizing phases 
D) Both during the depolarizing phase, the permeability of the membrane to Na+ is greater than its permeability at rest and during the repolarizing phase, the permeability of the membrane to K+ is greater than its permeability at rest are correct 
E) All of the choices are correct

The blood-brain barrier

At an excitatory synapse,

Which of the following statements concerning the permeability of a typical nerve cell membrane at rest is true?

An inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Compartments A and B are separated by a membrane that is permeable to K+ but not to Cl-.At time zero,a solution of KCl is poured into compartment A and pure H2O is poured into compartment B.At equilibrium,

Which of the following statements concerning the properties of action potentials is true?

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is constant because the components of the extracellular and intracellular fluid are in equilibrium.

Spinal nerves are composed of the axons of both afferent and efferent neurons.

During the rising (depolarizing)phase of an action potential,

Are propagated without decrement describes

The most abundant cells in the CNS are __________ cells.

The reticular formation of the brain

At the peak of the action potential,

A solution of water and ions is a (good/poor)conductor of electricity and thus offers (low/high)resistance to charge flow.These electrical properties are due to the ions in the solution,called ________.

The maintenance of a resting potential in a neuron depends upon the functioning of the Na,K-ATPase pumps in the membrane.

Glial cells

Axons typically have abundant

During the rising phase of an action potential,voltage-gated

Which of the following statements regarding the phases of an action potential is correct?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters

Exam 6: Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

The blood-brain barrier

At an excitatory synapse,

Which of the following statements concerning the permeability of a typical nerve cell membrane at rest is true?

An inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Compartments A and B are separated by a membrane that is permeable to K+ but not to Cl-.At time zero,a solution of KCl is poured into compartment A and pure H2O is poured into compartment B.At equilibrium,

Which of the following statements concerning the properties of action potentials is true?

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is constant because the components of the extracellular and intracellular fluid are in equilibrium.

Spinal nerves are composed of the axons of both afferent and efferent neurons.

During the rising (depolarizing)phase of an action potential,

Are propagated without decrement describes

The most abundant cells in the CNS are __________ cells.

The reticular formation of the brain

At the peak of the action potential,

A solution of water and ions is a (good/poor)conductor of electricity and thus offers (low/high)resistance to charge flow.These electrical properties are due to the ions in the solution,called ________.

The maintenance of a resting potential in a neuron depends upon the functioning of the Na,K-ATPase pumps in the membrane.

Glial cells

Axons typically have abundant

During the rising phase of an action potential,voltage-gated

Which of the following statements regarding the phases of an action potential is correct?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters