Question 1

How does the wave model of electrons orbiting the nucleus account for the fact that the electrons can have only discrete energy values?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrons are only able to vibrate at particular frequencies. 
B)  When an electron wave is confined, it is reinforced only at particular frequencies. 
C)  The energy values of an electron only occur where its wave properties and probability clouds are mutually reinforcing. 
D)  The wave model accounts for the types of orbitals an electron may occupy, not it's energy levels. 
A)  Electrons are only able to vibrate at particular frequencies. 
B)  When an electron wave is confined, it is reinforced only at particular frequencies. 
C)  The energy values of an electron only occur where its wave properties and probability clouds are mutually reinforcing. 
D)  The wave model accounts for the types of orbitals an electron may occupy, not it's energy levels.

Question 2

If a neutral element has the following chemical notation, how many electrons does it have? carbon-13

Accepted Answer

A)  6 
B)  12 
C)  13 
D)  7 
E)  none of the above 
A)  6 
B)  12 
C)  13 
D)  7 
E)  none of the above

Question 3

If an atom were the size of a baseball, its nucleus would be about the size of a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  walnut 
B)  raisin 
C)  flea 
D)  atom 
A)  walnut 
B)  raisin 
C)  flea 
D)  atom

Question 4

You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  become arsenic 
B)  become radioactive 
C)  expand and likely lodge in your throat 
D)  have a change in flavor 
A)  become arsenic 
B)  become radioactive 
C)  expand and likely lodge in your throat 
D)  have a change in flavor

Question 5

The following statement describes which subatomic particle best? It has a relatively large mass.

Accepted Answer

A)  an electron 
B)  a proton 
C)  a neutron 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C 
A)  an electron 
B)  a proton 
C)  a neutron 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C

Question 6

Which of the following statements best describes electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Light waves are oscillations of electric and magnetic fields. 
B)  All light energy is visible. 
C)  Light energy is due to vibrations in the air. 
D)  Light waves propagate through a medium called ether, similar to waves in water. 
E)  Light is due to oscillations in the nucleus of atoms. 
A)  Light waves are oscillations of electric and magnetic fields. 
B)  All light energy is visible. 
C)  Light energy is due to vibrations in the air. 
D)  Light waves propagate through a medium called ether, similar to waves in water. 
E)  Light is due to oscillations in the nucleus of atoms.

Question 7

List the following elements in order of increasing ionization energy: Tin, Sn; Lead, Pb; Phosphorus, P; Arsenic, As.

Accepted Answer

A)  As < P < Pb < Sn 
B)  Pb < Sn < As < P 
C)  P < As < Sn < Pb 
D)  Sn < Pb < P < As 
A)  As < P < Pb < Sn 
B)  Pb < Sn < As < P 
C)  P < As < Sn < Pb 
D)  Sn < Pb < P < As

Question 8

Boron has primarily two isotopes, one with an atomic mass of 11.0 amu and another with an atomic mass of 10.0 amu. If the abundance of the boron atom with a mass of 11.0 amu is 18.9 percent and the abundance of the other isotope is 81.1 percent, what would be the average mass of the boron atom?

Accepted Answer

A)  10.2 amu 
B)  11.0 amu 
C)  10.0 amu 
D)  10.8 amu 
E)  not enough information given 
A)  10.2 amu 
B)  11.0 amu 
C)  10.0 amu 
D)  10.8 amu 
E)  not enough information given

Question 9

What is a probability cloud?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a three-dimensional map of the likelihood of finding something within a given area. 
B)  It is a map of the likelihood of finding an electron within the nucleus. 
C)  It is a map of the likelihood of finding a particular proton within the nucleus. 
D)  It is a map of the likelihood of a photon ejecting an electron from an atom. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  It is a three-dimensional map of the likelihood of finding something within a given area. 
B)  It is a map of the likelihood of finding an electron within the nucleus. 
C)  It is a map of the likelihood of finding a particular proton within the nucleus. 
D)  It is a map of the likelihood of a photon ejecting an electron from an atom. 
E)  none of the above

Question 10

If an atom has 43 electrons, 56 neutrons, and 43 protons, what is its approximate atomic mass? What is the name of this element?

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic mass, 137 amu; Barium 
B)  atomic mass, 99 amu; Technetium 
C)  atomic mass, 99 amu; Radon 
D)  atomic mass 142 amu; Einsteinium 
A)  atomic mass, 137 amu; Barium 
B)  atomic mass, 99 amu; Technetium 
C)  atomic mass, 99 amu; Radon 
D)  atomic mass 142 amu; Einsteinium

Question 11

How is the term photon related to the term quantum?

Accepted Answer

A)  A quantum of light is actually one photon. 
B)  A quantum of photons is equal to the wavelength. 
C)  A quantum is a particle of light while a photon is a wave of light. 
D)  A quantum is a particle of light exactly one photon long. 
E)  A quantum is a wave of light while a packet of quanta equals one photon. 
A)  A quantum of light is actually one photon. 
B)  A quantum of photons is equal to the wavelength. 
C)  A quantum is a particle of light while a photon is a wave of light. 
D)  A quantum is a particle of light exactly one photon long. 
E)  A quantum is a wave of light while a packet of quanta equals one photon.

Question 12

Which has more atoms: a 1-gram sample of carbon-12 or a 1-gram sample of carbon-13?

Accepted Answer

A)  More information is needed. 
B)  a 1-gram sample of carbon-12 
C)  a 1-gram sample of carbon-13 
D)  They have the same number of atoms. 
A)  More information is needed. 
B)  a 1-gram sample of carbon-12 
C)  a 1-gram sample of carbon-13 
D)  They have the same number of atoms.

Question 13

Which of the above has the highest frequency?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e

Question 14

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrons have a negative charge. 
B)  Electrons are particles. 
C)  Electrons behave like waves. 
D)  Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  Electrons have a negative charge. 
B)  Electrons are particles. 
C)  Electrons behave like waves. 
D)  Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy. 
E)  all of the above

Question 15

What does the following element description actually mean? iron-57

Accepted Answer

A)  iron with a mass number of 57 
B)  iron with an atomic number of 57 
C)  iron with 57 protons 
D)  iron with 57 neutrons 
E)  57 iron atoms 
A)  iron with a mass number of 57 
B)  iron with an atomic number of 57 
C)  iron with 57 protons 
D)  iron with 57 neutrons 
E)  57 iron atoms

Question 16

Which of the following gases would diffuse the fastest through an extremely fine membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  He 
B)  Ne 
C)  Ar 
D)  Xe 
E)  All of the above would diffuse at the same rate. 
A)  He 
B)  Ne 
C)  Ar 
D)  Xe 
E)  All of the above would diffuse at the same rate.

Question 17

It is relatively easy to pull an electron away from a potassium atom (K, atomic number 19), but very difficult to remove a second one because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  of the repulsions occurring between electrons within the same shell 
B)  the electrons are so very small 
C)  of a much greater effective nuclear charge 
D)  very little energy remains after the first electron is removed 
A)  of the repulsions occurring between electrons within the same shell 
B)  the electrons are so very small 
C)  of a much greater effective nuclear charge 
D)  very little energy remains after the first electron is removed

Question 18

Which of the following gases would diffuse the slowest through an extremely fine membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  He 
B)  O2 
C)  N2 
D)  F2 
E)  All of the above would diffuse at the same rate. 
A)  He 
B)  O2 
C)  N2 
D)  F2 
E)  All of the above would diffuse at the same rate.

Question 19

What is the relationship between the light emitted by an atom and the energies of the electrons in the atom?

Accepted Answer

A)  The larger the atom, the greater the number of electrons and therefore the greater the frequency of a light. 
B)  The energies of the electrons of an atom are directly proportional to the wavelength of light emitted and therefore inversely proportional to the frequency of the light emitted. 
C)  The greater the frequency of a photon of light, the greater the energy packed into that photon. 
D)  The light emitted by an atom is a function of its nuclear density and its ability to absorb and reflect various wavelengths of light from the electromagnetic spectrum. 
A)  The larger the atom, the greater the number of electrons and therefore the greater the frequency of a light. 
B)  The energies of the electrons of an atom are directly proportional to the wavelength of light emitted and therefore inversely proportional to the frequency of the light emitted. 
C)  The greater the frequency of a photon of light, the greater the energy packed into that photon. 
D)  The light emitted by an atom is a function of its nuclear density and its ability to absorb and reflect various wavelengths of light from the electromagnetic spectrum.

Question 20

What prompted early scientists to propose that the ray of the cathode ray tube was actually a negatively charged particle?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ray was present regardless of gas, or even without a gas. 
B)  The ray was attracted to positively charge electric plates. 
C)  The ray was not seen from the positively charged anode. 
D)  The ray could be diverted by a magnetic field. 
E)  The ray would change colors depending on which gas was used inside the tube. 
A)  The ray was present regardless of gas, or even without a gas. 
B)  The ray was attracted to positively charge electric plates. 
C)  The ray was not seen from the positively charged anode. 
D)  The ray could be diverted by a magnetic field. 
E)  The ray would change colors depending on which gas was used inside the tube.

How does the wave model of electrons orbiting the nucleus account for the fact that the electrons can have only discrete energy values?

If a neutral element has the following chemical notation, how many electrons does it have? carbon-13

If an atom were the size of a baseball, its nucleus would be about the size of a(n) ________.

You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would ________.

The following statement describes which subatomic particle best? It has a relatively large mass.

Which of the following statements best describes electromagnetic radiation?

List the following elements in order of increasing ionization energy: Tin, Sn; Lead, Pb; Phosphorus, P; Arsenic, As.

Boron has primarily two isotopes, one with an atomic mass of 11.0 amu and another with an atomic mass of 10.0 amu. If the abundance of the boron atom with a mass of 11.0 amu is 18.9 percent and the abundance of the other isotope is 81.1 percent, what would be the average mass of the boron atom?

What is a probability cloud?

If an atom has 43 electrons, 56 neutrons, and 43 protons, what is its approximate atomic mass? What is the name of this element?

How is the term photon related to the term quantum?

Which has more atoms: a 1-gram sample of carbon-12 or a 1-gram sample of carbon-13?

Which of the above has the highest frequency?

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

What does the following element description actually mean? iron-57

Which of the following gases would diffuse the fastest through an extremely fine membrane?

It is relatively easy to pull an electron away from a potassium atom (K, atomic number 19), but very difficult to remove a second one because ________.

Which of the following gases would diffuse the slowest through an extremely fine membrane?

What is the relationship between the light emitted by an atom and the energies of the electrons in the atom?

What prompted early scientists to propose that the ray of the cathode ray tube was actually a negatively charged particle?

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Exam 4: Subatomic Particles

How does the wave model of electrons orbiting the nucleus account for the fact that the electrons can have only discrete energy values?

If a neutral element has the following chemical notation, how many electrons does it have? carbon-13

If an atom were the size of a baseball, its nucleus would be about the size of a(n) ________.

You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would ________.

The following statement describes which subatomic particle best? It has a relatively large mass.

Which of the following statements best describes electromagnetic radiation?

List the following elements in order of increasing ionization energy: Tin, Sn; Lead, Pb; Phosphorus, P; Arsenic, As.

Boron has primarily two isotopes, one with an atomic mass of 11.0 amu and another with an atomic mass of 10.0 amu. If the abundance of the boron atom with a mass of 11.0 amu is 18.9 percent and the abundance of the other isotope is 81.1 percent, what would be the average mass of the boron atom?

What is a probability cloud?

If an atom has 43 electrons, 56 neutrons, and 43 protons, what is its approximate atomic mass? What is the name of this element?

How is the term photon related to the term quantum?

Which has more atoms: a 1-gram sample of carbon-12 or a 1-gram sample of carbon-13?

Which of the above has the highest frequency?

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

What does the following element description actually mean? iron-57

Which of the following gases would diffuse the fastest through an extremely fine membrane?

It is relatively easy to pull an electron away from a potassium atom (K, atomic number 19), but very difficult to remove a second one because ________.

Which of the following gases would diffuse the slowest through an extremely fine membrane?

What is the relationship between the light emitted by an atom and the energies of the electrons in the atom?

What prompted early scientists to propose that the ray of the cathode ray tube was actually a negatively charged particle?

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Water Behaves

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters