Question 1

Compare the function of the nervous and endocrine systems in regard to chemical communication..

Accepted Answer

The nervous system releases neurotransmi

Question 2

During conduction by local current flow, current flows locally between the active and adjacent inactive area of the cell membrane, thereby decreasing the potential in the inactive area to threshold.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

An action potential in a presynaptic neuron induces opening of voltage-gated ____________________ channels in the synaptic knob, which triggers exocytosis of synaptic vesicles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An action potential in a presynaptic neuron...

Question 4

Myelinated axons conduct impulses much faster because

Accepted Answer

A)  the myelin insulates the axon. 
B)  channels only have to open at the nodes. 
C)  voltage is not lost through along myelinated areas. 
D)  of saltatory conduction. 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  the myelin insulates the axon. 
B)  channels only have to open at the nodes. 
C)  voltage is not lost through along myelinated areas. 
D)  of saltatory conduction. 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 5

Amine hormones:

Accepted Answer

A)  are derived from amino acids 
B)  are always hydrophilic 
C)  area always hydrophobic 
D)  are derived from cholesterol 
E)  are also known as steroids 
A)  are derived from amino acids 
B)  are always hydrophilic 
C)  area always hydrophobic 
D)  are derived from cholesterol 
E)  are also known as steroids

Question 6

Lipophilic (hydrophobic) hormones circulate in the blood largely bound to plasma proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Each letter is used only once.
-catecholamine

Accepted Answer

A) junction between neurons 
B) covering on the axon 
C) abundant, branching process from cell body 
D) last part of the neuron to send an impulse 
E) neurotransmitter
F)site of action potential initiation 
A) junction between neurons 
B) covering on the axon 
C) abundant, branching process from cell body 
D) last part of the neuron to send an impulse 
E) neurotransmitter
F)site of action potential initiation

Question 8

Catecholamines:

Accepted Answer

A)  are derived from cholesterol 
B)  are secreted by the adrenal medulla 
C)  include epinephrine as the major hormone 
D)  include estrogen and testosterone 
E)  are lipophilic 
A)  are derived from cholesterol 
B)  are secreted by the adrenal medulla 
C)  include epinephrine as the major hormone 
D)  include estrogen and testosterone 
E)  are lipophilic

Question 9

Select the incorrect statement about the action potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  it has an all-or-none characteristic. 
B)  it has a refractory period. 
C)  it is triggered by depolarization to threshold. 
D)  it occurs along a plasma membrane. 
E)  it speeds up transmission by summation. 
A)  it has an all-or-none characteristic. 
B)  it has a refractory period. 
C)  it is triggered by depolarization to threshold. 
D)  it occurs along a plasma membrane. 
E)  it speeds up transmission by summation.

Question 10

Because of the presence of both activation and inactivation gates, voltage-gated Na+ channels can

Accepted Answer

A)  be closed but capable of opening. 
B)  activated. 
C)  closed and not capable of opening. 
D)  all of these answers. 
E)  none of these answers. 
A)  be closed but capable of opening. 
B)  activated. 
C)  closed and not capable of opening. 
D)  all of these answers. 
E)  none of these answers.

Question 11

Peptide hormone receptors are located inside the target cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Repolarization occurs between the rising and falling phase of an action potential.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  are all of similar chemical composition. 
B)  combine with specific receptors on the target cell's surface or inside the target cell. 
C)  are secreted at a constant rate. 
D)  are also known as paracrines 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  are all of similar chemical composition. 
B)  combine with specific receptors on the target cell's surface or inside the target cell. 
C)  are secreted at a constant rate. 
D)  are also known as paracrines 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 14

The membrane is more permeable to K+ than to Na+

Accepted Answer

A)  at resting potential. 
B)  during the rising phase of an action potential. 
C)  during the falling phase of an action potential. 
D)  both (a) and (b). 
E)  both (a) and (c). 
A)  at resting potential. 
B)  during the rising phase of an action potential. 
C)  during the falling phase of an action potential. 
D)  both (a) and (b). 
E)  both (a) and (c).

Question 15

The trigger zone of a neuron

Accepted Answer

A)  is at the axon terminal 
B)  is located in the hillock 
C)  contains voltage gated channels 
D)  both (b) and (c) above 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  is at the axon terminal 
B)  is located in the hillock 
C)  contains voltage gated channels 
D)  both (b) and (c) above 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 16

The portion of DNA where steroid hormones interact is known as ___________.

Accepted Answer

the hormon

Question 17

Drugs like Prozac and cocaine exert their effects by inhibiting neurotransmitter reuptake.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Direct intercellular communication involves

Accepted Answer

A)  communication through gap junctions 
B)  communication through direct linkups via surface markers 
C)  extracellular chemical messengers 
D)  (a) and (b) above 
E)  all of the above 
A)  communication through gap junctions 
B)  communication through direct linkups via surface markers 
C)  extracellular chemical messengers 
D)  (a) and (b) above 
E)  all of the above

Question 19

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code:
-thyroid hormone

Accepted Answer

A) lipophilic (hydrophobic) 
B) hydrophilic (lipophobic) 
A) lipophilic (hydrophobic) 
B) hydrophilic (lipophobic)

Question 20

Which hormone class would utilize second messenger systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  lipophillic 
B)  hydrophilic 
C)  steroids 
D)  those with receptors inside the cell 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  lipophillic 
B)  hydrophilic 
C)  steroids 
D)  those with receptors inside the cell 
E)  all of these answers.

Compare the function of the nervous and endocrine systems in regard to chemical communication..

During conduction by local current flow, current flows locally between the active and adjacent inactive area of the cell membrane, thereby decreasing the potential in the inactive area to threshold.

An action potential in a presynaptic neuron induces opening of voltage-gated ____________________ channels in the synaptic knob, which triggers exocytosis of synaptic vesicles.

Myelinated axons conduct impulses much faster because

Amine hormones:

Lipophilic (hydrophobic) hormones circulate in the blood largely bound to plasma proteins.

Each letter is used only once. -catecholamine

Catecholamines:

Select the incorrect statement about the action potential.

Because of the presence of both activation and inactivation gates, voltage-gated Na⁺ channels can

Peptide hormone receptors are located inside the target cell.

Repolarization occurs between the rising and falling phase of an action potential.

Hormones

The membrane is more permeable to K⁺ than to Na⁺

The trigger zone of a neuron

The portion of DNA where steroid hormones interact is known as ___________.

Drugs like Prozac and cocaine exert their effects by inhibiting neurotransmitter reuptake.

Direct intercellular communication involves

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -thyroid hormone

Which hormone class would utilize second messenger systems?

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 4: Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

Compare the function of the nervous and endocrine systems in regard to chemical communication..

During conduction by local current flow, current flows locally between the active and adjacent inactive area of the cell membrane, thereby decreasing the potential in the inactive area to threshold.

An action potential in a presynaptic neuron induces opening of voltage-gated ____________________ channels in the synaptic knob, which triggers exocytosis of synaptic vesicles.

Myelinated axons conduct impulses much faster because

Amine hormones:

Lipophilic (hydrophobic) hormones circulate in the blood largely bound to plasma proteins.

Each letter is used only once. -catecholamine

Catecholamines:

Select the incorrect statement about the action potential.

Because of the presence of both activation and inactivation gates, voltage-gated Na+ channels can

Peptide hormone receptors are located inside the target cell.

Repolarization occurs between the rising and falling phase of an action potential.

Hormones

The membrane is more permeable to K+ than to Na+

The trigger zone of a neuron

The portion of DNA where steroid hormones interact is known as ___________.

Drugs like Prozac and cocaine exert their effects by inhibiting neurotransmitter reuptake.

Direct intercellular communication involves

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -thyroid hormone

Which hormone class would utilize second messenger systems?

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Because of the presence of both activation and inactivation gates, voltage-gated Na⁺ channels can

The membrane is more permeable to K⁺ than to Na⁺