Exam 4: Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

MATCHING Indicate the direction that the force in question tends to move the involved ion under the stated conditions by writing the appropriate letter in the blank, using the following answer code: -concentration gradient for K⁺ at the end of an action potential

The neuronal relationship where many presynaptic cells terminate on a single postsynaptic cell is called ____________________.

Which term below best describes an excitable when a resting membrane potential is present?

Which characteristic below is not shared by both lipophilic and hydrophilic hormones?

Indicate whether the characteristics below apply to the endocrine system or the nervous system by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -Stores hormones for secretion.

Which of the following hormone types does not require membrane receptors to invoke cell responses?

Indicate which characteristic applies to classical neurotransmitters and neuropeptides using the following answer code: -synthesized in cytosol of synaptic knob

At an excitatory synapse, an action potential in the

Which of the following statements concerning peptide hormones is incorrect?

The specificity of hormones is due to

The myelin on a myelinated fiber in the peripheral nervous system consists of Schwann cells wrapped around the axon.

Neuropeptides are large, ____________________-acting molecules.

An increase in the size of the ____________________ of a nerve fiber increases its rate of conduction.

Voltage-gated K⁺ channels:

Peptide hormones are often produced as prohormones.

Assume that a hypothetical neuron has three presynaptic inputs converging upon it. Presynaptic inputs A and B are excitatory, and C is inhibitory. Indicate which of the following changes will take place by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below: -What would occur if both presynaptic neurons A and B were fired simultaneously?

Assume that a hypothetical neuron has three presynaptic inputs converging upon it. Presynaptic inputs A and B are excitatory, and C is inhibitory. Indicate which of the following changes will take place by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below: -What would occur if presynaptic neuron B is fired rapidly?

The following question refers to comparative concentrations, permeabilities, and potentials under various circumstances. Indicate the relationship between the two items listed in each situation by filling the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -A. membrane potential at restB. the potential of the same membrane when it is hyper-polarized

The following question refers to comparative concentrations, permeabilities, and potentials under various circumstances. Indicate the relationship between the two items listed in each situation by filling the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -A. permeability of a nerve cell membrane to Na⁺ during the rising phase of an action potential B. permeability of a nerve cell membrane to K⁺ during the rising phase of an action potential

Indicate whether an excitatory or inhibitory synapse is being described by filling in the blank using the following answer code: -a small depolarization of the postsynaptic neuron