Exam 20: The Organic Chemistry of Carbohydrates

An optically active D-aldopentose A produced an optically active alditol B upon treatment with sodium borohydride.When this aldopentose was subjected to a Ruff degradation,a D-aldotetrose C was generated.This aldotetrose yielded an optically inactive aldaric acid D upon oxidation with nitric acid.Use these data to provide the structures of compounds A,B,C,and D.

Which of the following blood types is known as the universal acceptor?

Is the following structure of glucose a D or L configuration? Explain.

In solution,glucose exists as

Which of the following compounds is a nonreducing sugar?

Assign the proper configurational descriptor to each asymmetric center in D-glucose below.

Draw the more stable chair conformer of α-D-glucopyranose.

Which of the following is the cyclic hemiacetal formed from 4-hydroxyheptanal?

Which of the following best represents the process of photosynthesis?

Which of the D-aldopentoses yields an optically inactive aldonic acid upon oxidation with bromine water? Explain your answer.

Which of the following best describes the sugar D-galactose?

Provide the major organic product(s)of the reaction shown.

Which of the following statements best describes the main structural difference between cellulose and chitin?

Sucrose is a disaccharide is the table sugar.It consists of

Give the major product(s)for the following reaction.

A carbohydrate composed of three to ten sugar molecules is called a(n)

What orbital interaction is the origin of the anomeric effect?

Draw the Haworth structure of β-D-glucopyranose

Why is β-D-glucopyranose more stable in nature than α-D-glucopyranose?

Give the major product(s)for the following reaction.