Question 1

When do somatic mutations occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  G1 phase 
B)  S phase 
C)  G2 phase 
D)  after zygote formation 
A)  G1 phase 
B)  S phase 
C)  G2 phase 
D)  after zygote formation

Question 2

What is the correct order of the following steps to synthesize new DNA?
1)Addition of an RNA primer
2)Extension of the RNA primer
3)Conversion of double-stranded DNA to single-stranded DNA
4)Synthesize new DNA

Accepted Answer

A) 1; 2; 3; 4 
B) 2; 3; 4; 1 
C) 3; 1; 2; 4 
D) 4; 1; 3; 2 
A) 1; 2; 3; 4 
B) 2; 3; 4; 1 
C) 3; 1; 2; 4 
D) 4; 1; 3; 2

Question 3

If a bacteriophage activates the lytic cycle,what is the result to the host DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  integration of virus DNA into host DNA 
B)  production of new bacteriophage particles 
C)  cell death 
D)  formation of Holliday junctions 
A)  integration of virus DNA into host DNA 
B)  production of new bacteriophage particles 
C)  cell death 
D)  formation of Holliday junctions

Question 4

What DNA damage can the MGMT enzyme repair?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorylated adenine 
B)  methylated guanine 
C)  pyrimidine dimers 
D)  mismatched bases 
A)  phosphorylated adenine 
B)  methylated guanine 
C)  pyrimidine dimers 
D)  mismatched bases

Question 5

Describe the mechanism for repair of DNA damage by photolyase.

Accepted Answer

As shown in Figure 20.41 in the text,DNA

Question 6

What is a major function of prokaryotic DNA polymerase I besides replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  very slow polymerization rate (1-2 nucleotides) to prevent mistakes 
B)  DNA translation 
C)  unlimited processivity 
D)  checking for exonuclease activity 
A)  very slow polymerization rate (1-2 nucleotides) to prevent mistakes 
B)  DNA translation 
C)  unlimited processivity 
D)  checking for exonuclease activity

Question 7

Eukaryotic genomes overcome the slow synthesis rate by

Accepted Answer

A)  eliminating the need for unwinding the DNA. 
B)  providing more replication origins. 
C)  using multiple primases. 
D)  only replicating part of the DNA in one cycle. 
A)  eliminating the need for unwinding the DNA. 
B)  providing more replication origins. 
C)  using multiple primases. 
D)  only replicating part of the DNA in one cycle.

Question 8

How do Holliday junctions work in DNA recombination?

Accepted Answer

Double-strand DNA breaks are first made

Question 9

In what stage of the cell cycle does homologous recombination largely occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  G1 
B)  S 
C)  G2 
D)  meiosis 
A)  G1 
B)  S 
C)  G2 
D)  meiosis

Question 10

Explain the mechanism of nucleotide excision repair.

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide excision repair is initiated

Question 11

Describe the Meselson-Stahl experiment and how it provided biochemical evidence that DNA replication is semiconservative.

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli grown in ¹⁵N-containing m

Question 12

The definition of a retrotransposon is a segment of

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA that goes through an RNA intermediate to be moved. 
B)  RNA that goes through a DNA intermediate to be moved. 
C)  DNA that needs to be excised. 
D)  DNA that is folded incorrectly. 
A)  DNA that goes through an RNA intermediate to be moved. 
B)  RNA that goes through a DNA intermediate to be moved. 
C)  DNA that needs to be excised. 
D)  DNA that is folded incorrectly.

Question 13

If 15N DNA replicated using conservative replication in 14N media,the outcome would be that new DNA has

Accepted Answer

A)  a single intermediate density. 
B)  a lower density. 
C)  only the higher density. 
D)  one high density and one low density strand. 
A)  a single intermediate density. 
B)  a lower density. 
C)  only the higher density. 
D)  one high density and one low density strand.

Question 14

Explain the suicide mechanism for MGMT.

Accepted Answer

As shown in Figure 20.42 in the text,the

Question 15

The role of Mg2+ in DNA replication is to __________ the incoming deoxynucleotide.

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilize the positive charges on 
B)  act as a nucleophile to attack the  -phosphoryl group in 
C)  stabilize the negative charges on 
D)  protonate 
A)  stabilize the positive charges on 
B)  act as a nucleophile to attack the  -phosphoryl group in 
C)  stabilize the negative charges on 
D)  protonate

Question 16

What is the name for the relationship between the original DNA and replicate DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  father and son 
B)  parent and children 
C)  parent and daughter 
D)  mother and daughter 
A)  father and son 
B)  parent and children 
C)  parent and daughter 
D)  mother and daughter

Question 17

The main function of the primosome is to

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesize primers for leading strand synthesis. 
B)  synthesize primers for lagging strand synthesis. 
C)  bind to single-stranded DNA to prevent reannealing. 
D)  synthesize new DNA on leading and lagging strand. 
A)  synthesize primers for leading strand synthesis. 
B)  synthesize primers for lagging strand synthesis. 
C)  bind to single-stranded DNA to prevent reannealing. 
D)  synthesize new DNA on leading and lagging strand.

Question 18

The function of Dam methylase in DNA synthesis is to methylate the

Accepted Answer

A)  new DNA strand. 
B)  old DNA strand. 
C)  RNA primer. 
D)  primase. 
A)  new DNA strand. 
B)  old DNA strand. 
C)  RNA primer. 
D)  primase.

Question 19

Which enzyme synthesizes the RNA primer for DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA primase 
C)  DNA polymerization 
D)  DNA Pol III 
A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA primase 
C)  DNA polymerization 
D)  DNA Pol III

Question 20

The role of CDK in DNA synthesis is to

Accepted Answer

A)  remove the histones. 
B)  block further production of pre-RCs while converting pre-RC to RPC. 
C)  block further production of methylated DNA. 
D)  terminate synthesis. 
A)  remove the histones. 
B)  block further production of pre-RCs while converting pre-RC to RPC. 
C)  block further production of methylated DNA. 
D)  terminate synthesis.

Exam 20: Dna Replication, repair, and Recombination

When do somatic mutations occur?

What is the correct order of the following steps to synthesize new DNA? 1)Addition of an RNA primer 2)Extension of the RNA primer 3)Conversion of double-stranded DNA to single-stranded DNA 4)Synthesize new DNA

If a bacteriophage activates the lytic cycle,what is the result to the host DNA?

What DNA damage can the MGMT enzyme repair?

Describe the mechanism for repair of DNA damage by photolyase.

What is a major function of prokaryotic DNA polymerase I besides replication?

Eukaryotic genomes overcome the slow synthesis rate by

How do Holliday junctions work in DNA recombination?

In what stage of the cell cycle does homologous recombination largely occur?

Explain the mechanism of nucleotide excision repair.

Describe the Meselson-Stahl experiment and how it provided biochemical evidence that DNA replication is semiconservative.

The definition of a retrotransposon is a segment of

If 15N DNA replicated using conservative replication in 14N media,the outcome would be that new DNA has

Explain the suicide mechanism for MGMT.

The role of Mg2+ in DNA replication is to __________ the incoming deoxynucleotide.

What is the name for the relationship between the original DNA and replicate DNA?

The main function of the primosome is to

The function of Dam methylase in DNA synthesis is to methylate the

Which enzyme synthesizes the RNA primer for DNA replication?

The role of CDK in DNA synthesis is to

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion,water,and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

Rna Synthesis, processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

If ¹⁵N DNA replicated using conservative replication in ¹⁴N media,the outcome would be that new DNA has

The role of Mg²⁺ in DNA replication is to __________ the incoming deoxynucleotide.