Question 1

Recipient lymphocytotoxic HLA-antibody to donor antigens is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  accelerated graft rejection. 
B)  platelet refractoriness. 
C)  respiratory distress. 
D)  both A and B. 
A)  accelerated graft rejection. 
B)  platelet refractoriness. 
C)  respiratory distress. 
D)  both A and B.

Question 2

Patients who have been presensitized to HLA antigens have a much higher graft survival rate in liver transplantation than nonsensitized patients.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What kidney transplant strategy is satisfied through matching of the donor and recipient antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use of immunosuppressive agents 
B)  Reduction of graft "foreignness" 
C)  Induction of tolerance 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Use of immunosuppressive agents 
B)  Reduction of graft "foreignness" 
C)  Induction of tolerance 
D)  None of the above

Question 4

Between which two loci are recombination (crossing over) most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  HLA-A and HLA-B 
B)  HLA-DR and HLA-DP 
C)  HLA-B and HLA-C 
D)  HLA-A and HLA-DP 
A)  HLA-A and HLA-B 
B)  HLA-DR and HLA-DP 
C)  HLA-B and HLA-C 
D)  HLA-A and HLA-DP

Question 5

What is the purpose of washing the cells after the initial cell-serum incubation in the Amos-modified antibody screen procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  To identify previously undefined alleles 
B)  To identify antibodies in the serum of the donor 
C)  To remove aggregated immunoglobulin in the serum 
D)  None of the above 
A)  To identify previously undefined alleles 
B)  To identify antibodies in the serum of the donor 
C)  To remove aggregated immunoglobulin in the serum 
D)  None of the above

Question 6

Which MHC region encodes for complement proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Class I 
B)  Class II 
C)  Class III 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Class I 
B)  Class II 
C)  Class III 
D)  None of the above

Question 7

The majority of cross-reactive alloantibodies detect HLA specificities of allelic molecules coded by the same locus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

HLA testing is useful in what other area of study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paternity testing 
B)  Disease correlation 
C)  Anthropology 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Paternity testing 
B)  Disease correlation 
C)  Anthropology 
D)  All of the above

Question 9

The MHC class I region encodes for all of the following genes except:

Accepted Answer

A)  HLA-A 
B)  HLA-B 
C)  HLA-DR 
D)  HLA-C 
A)  HLA-A 
B)  HLA-B 
C)  HLA-DR 
D)  HLA-C

Question 10

What is the main purpose of crossmatching before transplantation?

Accepted Answer

A)  To identify antibody in the potential donor to antigen present on recipient cells 
B)  To identify antibody in the serum of the potential recipient to antigens present on donor tissues 
C)  To identify antigen in the recipient cells to antibody present in donor serum 
D)  To identify antigen present on donor tissues to antibody present in recipient serum 
A)  To identify antibody in the potential donor to antigen present on recipient cells 
B)  To identify antibody in the serum of the potential recipient to antigens present on donor tissues 
C)  To identify antigen in the recipient cells to antibody present in donor serum 
D)  To identify antigen present on donor tissues to antibody present in recipient serum

Question 11

In testing for the HLA-D antigens (DR, DP, DQ, etc.)___________ typing cells of each phenotype are set up in an MLR as against the test cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  heterozygous/responders 
B)  homozygous/stimulators 
C)  heterozygous/stimulators 
D)  homozygous/responders 
A)  heterozygous/responders 
B)  homozygous/stimulators 
C)  heterozygous/stimulators 
D)  homozygous/responders

Question 12

The majority of HLA alloantibodies are ___________immunoglobulins.

Accepted Answer

A)  IgM 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgA 
A)  IgM 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgA

Question 13

Why are T cells unacceptable for cytotoxicity testing using fluorescent labeling?

Accepted Answer

A)  T cells are not involved in cytotoxicity testing 
B)  T cells do not adhere to nylon wool 
C)  T cells lack immunoglobulin on their surface 
D)  The suppressor activity of T cells renders the membrane protein inaccessible to the label antibody 
A)  T cells are not involved in cytotoxicity testing 
B)  T cells do not adhere to nylon wool 
C)  T cells lack immunoglobulin on their surface 
D)  The suppressor activity of T cells renders the membrane protein inaccessible to the label antibody

Question 14

Why is histocompatibility testing negated in both lung and heart transplants?

Accepted Answer

A)  The donor must be living to perform HLA testing. 
B)  The cold ischemic time is too short. 
C)  The cold ischemic time is too long. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  The donor must be living to perform HLA testing. 
B)  The cold ischemic time is too short. 
C)  The cold ischemic time is too long. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 15

The surface marker, or antigen, detected in histocompatibility testing of a single individual is referred to as HLA:

Accepted Answer

A)  phenotype. 
B)  genotype. 
C)  haplotype. 
D)  karyotype. 
A)  phenotype. 
B)  genotype. 
C)  haplotype. 
D)  karyotype.

Question 16

How are monoclonal HLA antibodies (MoAbs) produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fusion of HLA antibody, producing B cells with plasmacytoma lines 
B)  The fusion of HLA antibody, producing T cells with plasmacytoma lines 
C)  The fusion of HLA antibody, producing B cells with neuroblastoma lines 
D)  The fusion of HLA antibody, producing T cells with neuroblastoma lines 
A)  The fusion of HLA antibody, producing B cells with plasmacytoma lines 
B)  The fusion of HLA antibody, producing T cells with plasmacytoma lines 
C)  The fusion of HLA antibody, producing B cells with neuroblastoma lines 
D)  The fusion of HLA antibody, producing T cells with neuroblastoma lines

Question 17

A double-lung transplant is indicated in which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pneumonia 
B)  Pulmonary fibrosis 
C)  Primary hypertension 
D)  Cystic fibrosis 
A)  Pneumonia 
B)  Pulmonary fibrosis 
C)  Primary hypertension 
D)  Cystic fibrosis

Question 18

The primary indication for pancreas transplantation is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fabry's disease. 
B)  Karposi's sarcoma. 
C)  diabetes. 
D)  Crohn's disease. 
A)  Fabry's disease. 
B)  Karposi's sarcoma. 
C)  diabetes. 
D)  Crohn's disease.

Question 19

The HLA-A locus antigens A2, A23, A24, and A28 make up the:

Accepted Answer

A)  A4-CREG 
B)  A3-CREG 
C)  A2-CREG 
D)  A8-CREG 
A)  A4-CREG 
B)  A3-CREG 
C)  A2-CREG 
D)  A8-CREG

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of linkage disequilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  The actual occurrence of haplotype HLA-B7 and HLA-Cw5 is 6%; the expected occurrence based on gene frequencies is 5% 
B)  The actual occurrence of haplotype HLA-C4 and HLA-B37 is 3%; the expected occurrence based on gene frequencies is 4% 
C)  The actual occurrence of haplotype HLA-A1 and HLA-B8 is 8%; the expected occurrence based on gene frequencies is 2% 
D)  The actual occurrence of haplotype HLA-A11 and HLA-DR4 is 8%; the expected occurrence based on gene frequencies is 7% 
A)  The actual occurrence of haplotype HLA-B7 and HLA-Cw5 is 6%; the expected occurrence based on gene frequencies is 5% 
B)  The actual occurrence of haplotype HLA-C4 and HLA-B37 is 3%; the expected occurrence based on gene frequencies is 4% 
C)  The actual occurrence of haplotype HLA-A1 and HLA-B8 is 8%; the expected occurrence based on gene frequencies is 2% 
D)  The actual occurrence of haplotype HLA-A11 and HLA-DR4 is 8%; the expected occurrence based on gene frequencies is 7%

Exam 21: The Hla System

Recipient lymphocytotoxic HLA-antibody to donor antigens is associated with:

Patients who have been presensitized to HLA antigens have a much higher graft survival rate in liver transplantation than nonsensitized patients.

What kidney transplant strategy is satisfied through matching of the donor and recipient antigens?

Between which two loci are recombination (crossing over) most likely to occur?

What is the purpose of washing the cells after the initial cell-serum incubation in the Amos-modified antibody screen procedure?

Which MHC region encodes for complement proteins?

The majority of cross-reactive alloantibodies detect HLA specificities of allelic molecules coded by the same locus.

HLA testing is useful in what other area of study?

The MHC class I region encodes for all of the following genes except:

What is the main purpose of crossmatching before transplantation?

In testing for the HLA-D antigens (DR, DP, DQ, etc.)___________ typing cells of each phenotype are set up in an MLR as against the test cells.

The majority of HLA alloantibodies are ___________immunoglobulins.

Why are T cells unacceptable for cytotoxicity testing using fluorescent labeling?

Why is histocompatibility testing negated in both lung and heart transplants?

The surface marker, or antigen, detected in histocompatibility testing of a single individual is referred to as HLA:

How are monoclonal HLA antibodies (MoAbs) produced?

A double-lung transplant is indicated in which of the following disorders?

The primary indication for pancreas transplantation is:

The HLA-A locus antigens A2, A23, A24, and A28 make up the:

Which of the following is an example of linkage disequilibrium?

Red Blood Cells and Platelet Preservation: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends

Basic Genetics

Fundamentals of Immunology

Concepts in Molecular Biology

The Antiglobulin Test

The Abo Blood Group System

The RH Blood Group System

Blood Group Terminology and the Other Blood Groups

Detection and Identification of Antibodies

Pre-Transfusion Testing

Overview of the Routine Blood Bank Laboratory

Other Technologies and Automation

Donor Screening and Component Preparation

Apheresis

Transfusion Therapy

Cellular Therapy

Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias

Relationship Testing

Quality Management

Transfusion Safety and Federal Regulatory Requirements

Utilization Management

Laboratory Information Systems

Medicolegal and Ethical Aspects of Providing Blood Collection and Transfusion Services

Tissue Banking: A New Role for the Transfusion Service

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