Question 1

__________________ uses developmental research to promote healthy development, particularly for vulnerable children and families.

Accepted Answer

A)  Family policy 
B)  Applied developmental science 
C)  A quasi-experimental design 
D)  The Index of Social Health for Children and Youth (ISHCY) 
A)  Family policy 
B)  Applied developmental science 
C)  A quasi-experimental design 
D)  The Index of Social Health for Children and Youth (ISHCY)

Question 2

Which of the following is an ethical responsibility that researchers have to the participants in their research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers do not need to explain the use of deception in their studies. 
B)  Children's data should be linked with their names so that they can be identified easily. 
C)  Researchers should minimize the potential for harm or stress to their participants. 
D)  Researchers do not need to describe the research to participants before they decide to participate. 
A)  Researchers do not need to explain the use of deception in their studies. 
B)  Children's data should be linked with their names so that they can be identified easily. 
C)  Researchers should minimize the potential for harm or stress to their participants. 
D)  Researchers do not need to describe the research to participants before they decide to participate.

Question 3

Sigmund Freud's psychodynamic theory

Accepted Answer

A)  emphasizes the influence of early experiences on later development. 
B)  suggests that learning is the key to understanding development. 
C)  suggests that behavior should be considered in context. 
D)  emphasizes the importance of maturation. 
A)  emphasizes the influence of early experiences on later development. 
B)  suggests that learning is the key to understanding development. 
C)  suggests that behavior should be considered in context. 
D)  emphasizes the importance of maturation.

Question 4

Do you believe that the potential benefits to research justify the use of deception by the researcher? Support your answer.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 5

The idea that the mind of the human infant is a tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that

Accepted Answer

A)  experience molds each person into a unique individual. 
B)  children should be left alone so that their good natures can unfold. 
C)  heredity plays a major role in an individual's development. 
D)  infants cannot think because their minds are blank. 
A)  experience molds each person into a unique individual. 
B)  children should be left alone so that their good natures can unfold. 
C)  heredity plays a major role in an individual's development. 
D)  infants cannot think because their minds are blank.

Question 6

An organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development is referred to as a

Accepted Answer

A)  theory. 
B)  critical period. 
C)  tabula rasa. 
D)  case history. 
A)  theory. 
B)  critical period. 
C)  tabula rasa. 
D)  case history.

Question 7

Carol begged her father for some candy when they were in the grocery store. Eventually, Carol's father gave in and bought Carol some candy. According to theories of operant conditioning, what is likely to happen the next time Carol and her father go to the grocery store?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carol will not beg for candy because her father punished her begging the last time that they were in the store. 
B)  Carol will not beg for candy because her father reinforced her begging the last time that they were in the store. 
C)  Carol will beg for candy because her father reinforced her begging the last time they were in the store. 
D)  Carol will beg for candy because her father punished her begging the last time they were in the store. 
A)  Carol will not beg for candy because her father punished her begging the last time that they were in the store. 
B)  Carol will not beg for candy because her father reinforced her begging the last time that they were in the store. 
C)  Carol will beg for candy because her father reinforced her begging the last time they were in the store. 
D)  Carol will beg for candy because her father punished her begging the last time they were in the store.

Question 8

Which shows the correct sequence of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational, and sensorimotor 
B)  sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, and formal operational 
C)  sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational 
D)  concrete operational, formal operational, sensorimotor, and preoperational 
A)  preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational, and sensorimotor 
B)  sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, and formal operational 
C)  sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational 
D)  concrete operational, formal operational, sensorimotor, and preoperational

Question 9

Biology is to environment as __________ theory is to __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  maturational; Skinner's operant conditioning 
B)  psychosocial; ethological 
C)  Piaget's; Freud's 
D)  psychodynamic, Erikson's psychosocial 
A)  maturational; Skinner's operant conditioning 
B)  psychosocial; ethological 
C)  Piaget's; Freud's 
D)  psychodynamic, Erikson's psychosocial

Question 10

Hedy lives according to the philosophy "If it feels good, do it." Hedy's personality appears to be dominated by her

Accepted Answer

A)  ego. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  superego. 
D)  id. 
A)  ego. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  superego. 
D)  id.

Question 11

Gesell's maturational theory most closely fits with the ideas of

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean Jacques Rousseau. 
B)  Erik Erikson. 
C)  John Locke. 
D)  John Watson. 
A)  Jean Jacques Rousseau. 
B)  Erik Erikson. 
C)  John Locke. 
D)  John Watson.

Question 12

Viewing infants as tabula rasas suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  infants will develop naturally unless the environment interferes. 
B)  experience will mold infants into unique individuals. 
C)  nature is more important than nurture. 
D)  infants are born with a sense of morality. 
A)  infants will develop naturally unless the environment interferes. 
B)  experience will mold infants into unique individuals. 
C)  nature is more important than nurture. 
D)  infants are born with a sense of morality.

Question 13

A consequence that decreases the future likelihood of the behavior that it follows is called

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  self-efficacy. 
D)  punishment. 
A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  self-efficacy. 
D)  punishment.

Question 14

Who was the first theorist to use learning theory to explain child development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  John Watson 
C)  Jean Piaget 
D)  Konrad Lorenz 
A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  John Watson 
C)  Jean Piaget 
D)  Konrad Lorenz

Question 15

Yuri is interested in finding out whether exercise affects boys' and girls' performance on a memory task. The dependent variable in this situation is

Accepted Answer

A)  memory performance. 
B)  the amount of exercise. 
C)  the age of the children. 
D)  gender. 
A)  memory performance. 
B)  the amount of exercise. 
C)  the age of the children. 
D)  gender.

Question 16

A theory is supported when research results match the theory's predictions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A correlation coefficient of -.85 indicates that there is no relationship between two variables (e.g., children's aggressive behavior and watching violent TV shows are not related).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A researcher wants to examine the changes in the stability of friendship between first and third grade. Should the researcher use a cross-sectional or a longitudinal design? Explain your choice. Give the advantages and disadvantages of each design.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the fol

Question 19

Amanda noticed that whenever other children asked a question in class, their teacher seemed to get mad at them. Amanda decided not to ask her teacher for help, even though she needed it and her teacher had never seemed to be angry with her. Amanda's behavior was shaped by

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  observational learning. 
D)  self-efficacy. 
A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  observational learning. 
D)  self-efficacy.

Question 20

A microgenetic study would best be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  a very short longitudinal study. 
B)  a very long longitudinal study. 
C)  a very short cross-sectional study. 
D)  a very long cross-sectional study. 
A)  a very short longitudinal study. 
B)  a very long longitudinal study. 
C)  a very short cross-sectional study. 
D)  a very long cross-sectional study.

__________________ uses developmental research to promote healthy development, particularly for vulnerable children and families.

Which of the following is an ethical responsibility that researchers have to the participants in their research?

Sigmund Freud's psychodynamic theory

Do you believe that the potential benefits to research justify the use of deception by the researcher? Support your answer.

The idea that the mind of the human infant is a tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that

An organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development is referred to as a

Carol begged her father for some candy when they were in the grocery store. Eventually, Carol's father gave in and bought Carol some candy. According to theories of operant conditioning, what is likely to happen the next time Carol and her father go to the grocery store?

Which shows the correct sequence of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Biology is to environment as theory is to theory.

Hedy lives according to the philosophy "If it feels good, do it." Hedy's personality appears to be dominated by her

Gesell's maturational theory most closely fits with the ideas of

Viewing infants as tabula rasas suggests that

A consequence that decreases the future likelihood of the behavior that it follows is called

Who was the first theorist to use learning theory to explain child development?

Yuri is interested in finding out whether exercise affects boys' and girls' performance on a memory task. The dependent variable in this situation is

A theory is supported when research results match the theory's predictions.

A correlation coefficient of -.85 indicates that there is no relationship between two variables (e.g., children's aggressive behavior and watching violent TV shows are not related).

A researcher wants to examine the changes in the stability of friendship between first and third grade. Should the researcher use a cross-sectional or a longitudinal design? Explain your choice. Give the advantages and disadvantages of each design.

Amanda noticed that whenever other children asked a question in class, their teacher seemed to get mad at them. Amanda decided not to ask her teacher for help, even though she needed it and her teacher had never seemed to be angry with her. Amanda's behavior was shaped by

A microgenetic study would best be described as

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Child Development

__________________ uses developmental research to promote healthy development, particularly for vulnerable children and families.

Which of the following is an ethical responsibility that researchers have to the participants in their research?

Sigmund Freud's psychodynamic theory

Do you believe that the potential benefits to research justify the use of deception by the researcher? Support your answer.

The idea that the mind of the human infant is a tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that

An organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development is referred to as a

Carol begged her father for some candy when they were in the grocery store. Eventually, Carol's father gave in and bought Carol some candy. According to theories of operant conditioning, what is likely to happen the next time Carol and her father go to the grocery store?

Which shows the correct sequence of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Biology is to environment as __________ theory is to __________ theory.

Hedy lives according to the philosophy "If it feels good, do it." Hedy's personality appears to be dominated by her

Gesell's maturational theory most closely fits with the ideas of

Viewing infants as tabula rasas suggests that

A consequence that decreases the future likelihood of the behavior that it follows is called

Who was the first theorist to use learning theory to explain child development?

Yuri is interested in finding out whether exercise affects boys' and girls' performance on a memory task. The dependent variable in this situation is

A theory is supported when research results match the theory's predictions.

A correlation coefficient of -.85 indicates that there is no relationship between two variables (e.g., children's aggressive behavior and watching violent TV shows are not related).

A researcher wants to examine the changes in the stability of friendship between first and third grade. Should the researcher use a cross-sectional or a longitudinal design? Explain your choice. Give the advantages and disadvantages of each design.

Amanda noticed that whenever other children asked a question in class, their teacher seemed to get mad at them. Amanda decided not to ask her teacher for help, even though she needed it and her teacher had never seemed to be angry with her. Amanda's behavior was shaped by

A microgenetic study would best be described as

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters

Biology is to environment as theory is to theory.