Question 1

What is one similarity shared by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists?

Accepted Answer

A) They obtain the same graduate education. 
B) They have the same training experiences after college. 
C) They view abnormal behaviours as arising from the same causes. 
D) They diagnose and treat people experiencing psychological disorders. 
A) They obtain the same graduate education. 
B) They have the same training experiences after college. 
C) They view abnormal behaviours as arising from the same causes. 
D) They diagnose and treat people experiencing psychological disorders.

Question 2

In order to be considered scientific,a hypothesis must be

Accepted Answer

A) testable. 
B) believed true by a majority of experts. 
C) proven. 
D) stated in very general terms. 
A) testable. 
B) believed true by a majority of experts. 
C) proven. 
D) stated in very general terms.

Question 3

A friend of yours is interested in getting a graduate degree and eventually becoming a clinical psychologist.She wants her education to focus almost exclusively on the practice of clinical psychology,and to include very little research or scientific training.Which type of graduate degree programs should she apply to?

Accepted Answer

A) Ph.D. 
B) Psy.D. 
C) M.D. 
D) Ed.D. 
A) Ph.D. 
B) Psy.D. 
C) M.D. 
D) Ed.D.

Question 4

What did Sigmund Freud consider as the key to understanding the psychosomatic conditions he observed?

Accepted Answer

A) free will 
B) brain physiology 
C) the unconscious mind 
D) external consequences 
A) free will 
B) brain physiology 
C) the unconscious mind 
D) external consequences

Question 5

As cellphones,cameras,music players,and other devices become more complicated,a major problem companies face is how to design the controls and menus so that they are easy and intuitive to operate.What area of psychology specializes in solving this and similar problems?

Accepted Answer

A) forensic 
B) clinical 
C) human factors 
D) academic 
A) forensic 
B) clinical 
C) human factors 
D) academic

Question 6

Which school of psychology questioned whether psychologists should study mental processes?

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalysis 
B) behaviourism 
C) Gestalt psychology 
D) humanism 
A) psychoanalysis 
B) behaviourism 
C) Gestalt psychology 
D) humanism

Question 7

As part of the scientific method,scientists form testable predictions that can be observed and measured.These are called

Accepted Answer

A) theories. 
B) proofs. 
C) hypotheses. 
D) models. 
A) theories. 
B) proofs. 
C) hypotheses. 
D) models.

Question 8

Kelly notices a bump on the side of Roger's head and points it out to him.He replies,"That means I'm a passionate person!" Roger's joke is based on the theory of

Accepted Answer

A) phrenology. 
B) eugenics. 
C) parsimony. 
D) psychophysics. 
A) phrenology. 
B) eugenics. 
C) parsimony. 
D) psychophysics.

Question 9

Lidia gives a talk at a psychology conference in which she presents her new theory about the causes of autism.At one point,an audience member interrupts and says,"But that's just your theory." What is the problem with this statement?

Accepted Answer

A) A theory is not the same thing as an opinion or belief. 
B) If Lidia is presenting the theory at a psychology conference it must be true. 
C) If most of the psychologists in the audience agree with Lidia,then the theory is likely to be true. 
D) The audience member should have used the term hypothesis,not theory. 
A) A theory is not the same thing as an opinion or belief. 
B) If Lidia is presenting the theory at a psychology conference it must be true. 
C) If most of the psychologists in the audience agree with Lidia,then the theory is likely to be true. 
D) The audience member should have used the term hypothesis,not theory.

Question 10

Suppose a small number of geese are born with a genetic mutation that makes them spend more time caring for their eggs.As a result,more chicks hatch from these eggs that then survive to reproduce themselves.According to the principle of natural selection,which of the following would be the likely result?

Accepted Answer

A) Other genetic mutations would start occurring at a faster rate. 
B) The genetically inherited behaviour would become more common after many generations. 
C) The genetically inherited behaviour would become less common after many generations. 
D) The rate of genetic mutations would slow drastically. 
A) Other genetic mutations would start occurring at a faster rate. 
B) The genetically inherited behaviour would become more common after many generations. 
C) The genetically inherited behaviour would become less common after many generations. 
D) The rate of genetic mutations would slow drastically.

Question 11

Because ______________ is a branch of medicine,it is usually practiced by a medical doctor (M.D. ).

Accepted Answer

A) psychiatry 
B) clinical psychology 
C) social work 
D) forensic psychology 
A) psychiatry 
B) clinical psychology 
C) social work 
D) forensic psychology

Question 12

The question of nature and nurture relationships centres on how ____________ (nature)and ____________ (nurture)influence behaviour and mental processes.

Accepted Answer

A) environment;heredity 
B) heredity;environment 
C) emotion;logic 
D) logic;emotion 
A) environment;heredity 
B) heredity;environment 
C) emotion;logic 
D) logic;emotion

Question 13

Which of the following would be most difficult for Francis Galton to explain with his theories?

Accepted Answer

A) Close family relatives often have similar traits. 
B) Sometimes children from very humble families become very successful. 
C) Successful parents often have successful children. 
D) In the United States,Whites are,on average,more successful than non-Whites. 
A) Close family relatives often have similar traits. 
B) Sometimes children from very humble families become very successful. 
C) Successful parents often have successful children. 
D) In the United States,Whites are,on average,more successful than non-Whites.

Question 14

Humanism developed,in part,as a reaction against which two perspectives?

Accepted Answer

A) the cognitive and learning perspectives 
B) the behaviourist and psychoanalytic perspectives 
C) the sociocultural and cognitive perspectives 
D) the biological and behaviourist perspectives 
A) the cognitive and learning perspectives 
B) the behaviourist and psychoanalytic perspectives 
C) the sociocultural and cognitive perspectives 
D) the biological and behaviourist perspectives

Question 15

In science,a theory can be defined as

Accepted Answer

A) an educated guess. 
B) an explanation that explains and integrates numerous findings and observations into a coherent whole. 
C) a personal understanding of natural laws. 
D) a testable prediction. 
A) an educated guess. 
B) an explanation that explains and integrates numerous findings and observations into a coherent whole. 
C) a personal understanding of natural laws. 
D) a testable prediction.

Question 16

The early perspective called gestalt psychology has evolved into the current perspective called

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalysis. 
B) cognitive psychology. 
C) behavioural psychology. 
D) social psychology. 
A) psychoanalysis. 
B) cognitive psychology. 
C) behavioural psychology. 
D) social psychology.

Question 17

The origins of the cognitive perspective can be traced back to a handful of European psychologists who were studying

Accepted Answer

A) memory. 
B) behaviour. 
C) computers. 
D) language. 
A) memory. 
B) behaviour. 
C) computers. 
D) language.

Question 18

The philosopher and mathematician René Descartes famously believed that the mind was not made of physical matter,and could exist outside of the body.Descartes' belief in the relationship between mind and body could be described as

Accepted Answer

A) determinism. 
B) empiricism. 
C) materialism. 
D) dualism. 
A) determinism. 
B) empiricism. 
C) materialism. 
D) dualism.

Question 19

Nico is meeting with his academic adviser.He wishes to pursue a career where he'll work to diagnose and treat mental disorders.Nico aspires to be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) clinical psychologist. 
B) experimental psychologist. 
C) forensic psychologist. 
D) school psychologist. 
A) clinical psychologist. 
B) experimental psychologist. 
C) forensic psychologist. 
D) school psychologist.

Question 20

Which individual is usually credited with establishing the first scientific psychological laboratory?

Accepted Answer

A) Sigmund Freud 
B) William James 
C) John Watson 
D) Wilhelm Wundt 
A) Sigmund Freud 
B) William James 
C) John Watson 
D) Wilhelm Wundt

Exam 1: B: Introducing Psychological Science

What is one similarity shared by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists?

In order to be considered scientific,a hypothesis must be

What did Sigmund Freud consider as the key to understanding the psychosomatic conditions he observed?

As cellphones,cameras,music players,and other devices become more complicated,a major problem companies face is how to design the controls and menus so that they are easy and intuitive to operate.What area of psychology specializes in solving this and similar problems?

Which school of psychology questioned whether psychologists should study mental processes?

As part of the scientific method,scientists form testable predictions that can be observed and measured.These are called

Kelly notices a bump on the side of Roger's head and points it out to him.He replies,"That means I'm a passionate person!" Roger's joke is based on the theory of

Lidia gives a talk at a psychology conference in which she presents her new theory about the causes of autism.At one point,an audience member interrupts and says,"But that's just your theory." What is the problem with this statement?

Because ______________ is a branch of medicine,it is usually practiced by a medical doctor (M.D. ).

The question of nature and nurture relationships centres on how ____________ (nature)and ____________ (nurture)influence behaviour and mental processes.

Which of the following would be most difficult for Francis Galton to explain with his theories?

Humanism developed,in part,as a reaction against which two perspectives?

In science,a theory can be defined as

The early perspective called gestalt psychology has evolved into the current perspective called

The origins of the cognitive perspective can be traced back to a handful of European psychologists who were studying

The philosopher and mathematician René Descartes famously believed that the mind was not made of physical matter,and could exist outside of the body.Descartes' belief in the relationship between mind and body could be described as

Nico is meeting with his academic adviser.He wishes to pursue a career where he'll work to diagnose and treat mental disorders.Nico aspires to be a(n)

Which individual is usually credited with establishing the first scientific psychological laboratory?

A: Introducing Psychological Science

C: Introducing Psychological Science

D: Introducing Psychological Science

E: Introducing Psychological Science

A: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

C: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

D: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

E: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

A: Biological Psychology

B: Biological Psychology

C: Biological Psychology

D: Biological Psychology

E: Biological Psychology

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

E: Sensation and Perception

A: Consciousness

B: Consciousness

C: Consciousness

D: Consciousness

E: Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

D: Learning

E: Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

D: Memory

E: Memory

A: Thought and Language

B: Thought and Language

C: Thought and Language

D: Thought and Language

E: Thought and Language

A: Intelligence Testing

B: Intelligence Testing

C: Intelligence Testing

D: Intelligence Testing

E: Intelligence Testing

A: Lifespan Development

B: Lifespan Development

C: Lifespan Development

D: Lifespan Development

E: Lifespan Development

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

Emotivation and Emotion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

E: Personality

A: Social Psychology

B: Social Psychology

The question of nature and nurture relationships centres on how (nature)and (nurture)influence behaviour and mental processes.