Question 1

According to Selman, children in stage 4:

Accepted Answer

A)  believe that others' different perspectives stem from possession of different knowledge. 
B)  realize that others have different perspectives and are able to think about others' points of view. 
C)  are able to systematically compare their own and another person's points of view. 
D)  attempt to understand others' views by comparing them to the generalized other. 
A)  believe that others' different perspectives stem from possession of different knowledge. 
B)  realize that others have different perspectives and are able to think about others' points of view. 
C)  are able to systematically compare their own and another person's points of view. 
D)  attempt to understand others' views by comparing them to the generalized other.

Question 2

Describe the principles of systematic desensitization and behaviour modification. On what theory or theories are they founded?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a form of

Question 3

The promising child maltreatment intervention program described in the text focused on:

Accepted Answer

A)  parents' substance abuse. 
B)  parents' interpretations of their children's behaviour. 
C)  social support. 
D)  children's temperaments. 
A)  parents' substance abuse. 
B)  parents' interpretations of their children's behaviour. 
C)  social support. 
D)  children's temperaments.

Question 4

According to Freud, _____ leads children to the emergence of the superego.

Accepted Answer

A)  coping with the intense sexual desires of the genital stage 
B)  coping with the intense sexual desires of the phallic stage 
C)  the need to suppress immediate gratification in the anal stage 
D)  the need to suppress immediate gratification in the phallic stage 
A)  coping with the intense sexual desires of the genital stage 
B)  coping with the intense sexual desires of the phallic stage 
C)  the need to suppress immediate gratification in the anal stage 
D)  the need to suppress immediate gratification in the phallic stage

Question 5

The theory that is primarily concerned with the survival value of particular behaviours is _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  social-learning 
B)  ethological 
C)  psychoanalytic 
D)  social cognitive 
A)  social-learning 
B)  ethological 
C)  psychoanalytic 
D)  social cognitive

Question 6

Bronfenbrenner was the founder of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the bioecological model. 
B)  the theory of social cognition. 
C)  the psychosexual perspective. 
D)  behaviourism. 
A)  the bioecological model. 
B)  the theory of social cognition. 
C)  the psychosexual perspective. 
D)  behaviourism.

Question 7

A person who believes that intelligence is fixed is considered by Dweck and her colleagues to have a(n) _____ theory of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  learning 
B)  entity 
C)  incremental 
D)  mastery 
A)  learning 
B)  entity 
C)  incremental 
D)  mastery

Question 8

Research by Dweck and colleagues on the association between individuals' theories of intelligence and their math achievement demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

A)  ability-focused praise had a positive influence on math achievement. 
B)  Grade 7 students with an entity theory of intelligence had stable math scores over 2 years. 
C)  teaching students to modify their theory of intelligence can lead to an improvement in their grades. 
D)  all of these are true. 
A)  ability-focused praise had a positive influence on math achievement. 
B)  Grade 7 students with an entity theory of intelligence had stable math scores over 2 years. 
C)  teaching students to modify their theory of intelligence can lead to an improvement in their grades. 
D)  all of these are true.

Question 9

Parental-investment theory explains the higher rate of murder committed by stepfathers against stepchildren than of murder committed by fathers against biological children in terms of the difference in:

Accepted Answer

A)  time spent with the children. 
B)  genetic similarity. 
C)  attachment. 
D)  societal endorsement. 
A)  time spent with the children. 
B)  genetic similarity. 
C)  attachment. 
D)  societal endorsement.

Question 10

Pria's friends love to gossip, and they wish Pria would gossip more than she currently does. According to operant conditioning, which scenario is likely to increase Pria's gossiping?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her friends yell at her when she is not gossiping and threaten that they will not be friends with her if she does not gossip more. 
B)  Her friends stop talking to her altogether. 
C)  Her friends pay lots of attention to her when she is gossiping and walk away when she is not gossiping. 
D)  Her friends explain to her why they want her to gossip more and ask her to please do so. 
A)  Her friends yell at her when she is not gossiping and threaten that they will not be friends with her if she does not gossip more. 
B)  Her friends stop talking to her altogether. 
C)  Her friends pay lots of attention to her when she is gossiping and walk away when she is not gossiping. 
D)  Her friends explain to her why they want her to gossip more and ask her to please do so.

Question 11

On which point do Freud and current developmental psychologists disagree?

Accepted Answer

A)  existence of infantile amnesia 
B)  effect of repression on early memory 
C)  importance of close early relationships 
D)  idea that much of human behaviour stems from unconscious processes 
A)  existence of infantile amnesia 
B)  effect of repression on early memory 
C)  importance of close early relationships 
D)  idea that much of human behaviour stems from unconscious processes

Question 12

John Watson was the founder of:

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis. 
B)  behaviourism. 
C)  information-processing approaches. 
D)  imprinting. 
A)  psychoanalysis. 
B)  behaviourism. 
C)  information-processing approaches. 
D)  imprinting.

Question 13

Which concept is NOT included in Dweck's theory of self-attribution and achievement motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  incremental theory 
B)  mastery orientation 
C)  performance 
D)  learning goals 
A)  incremental theory 
B)  mastery orientation 
C)  performance 
D)  learning goals

Question 14

Erikson's stages are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the personality structure that emerges during the particular stage. 
B)  a specific crisis that must be resolved. 
C)  the erogenous zones in which the psychic energy is focused. 
D)  a particular manner of responding to reward and reinforcement. 
A)  the personality structure that emerges during the particular stage. 
B)  a specific crisis that must be resolved. 
C)  the erogenous zones in which the psychic energy is focused. 
D)  a particular manner of responding to reward and reinforcement.

Question 15

Which statement about intermittent reinforcement is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intermittent reinforcement is effective only with adults. 
B)  Behaviours supported by intermittent reinforcement are difficult to extinguish. 
C)  Intermittent reinforcement is the key to behaviour modification. 
D)  The discipline strategy of "time out" is based on intermittent reinforcement. 
A)  Intermittent reinforcement is effective only with adults. 
B)  Behaviours supported by intermittent reinforcement are difficult to extinguish. 
C)  Intermittent reinforcement is the key to behaviour modification. 
D)  The discipline strategy of "time out" is based on intermittent reinforcement.

Question 16

Which factor associated with child maltreatment is within the child's exosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  poor parental self-esteem 
B)  difficult temperament 
C)  parental drug dependence 
D)  unemployment 
A)  poor parental self-esteem 
B)  difficult temperament 
C)  parental drug dependence 
D)  unemployment

Question 17

Even though his parents have explained to him that it is dishonest and therefore wrong to tell lies, Zachary once again lies to his sister about where her favourite blanket is. Shortly after doing so, he feels intensely sorry for what he has done. According to Erikson's theory, Zachary appears as if he has successfully resolved which crisis?

Accepted Answer

A)  autonomy versus shame and doubt 
B)  industry versus inferiority 
C)  initiative versus guilt 
D)  basic trust versus mistrust 
A)  autonomy versus shame and doubt 
B)  industry versus inferiority 
C)  initiative versus guilt 
D)  basic trust versus mistrust

Question 18

Which concept is MOST closely related to a hostile attributional bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  entity theory 
B)  incremental theory 
C)  performance goals 
D)  learning goals 
A)  entity theory 
B)  incremental theory 
C)  performance goals 
D)  learning goals

Question 19

Role taking refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  adopting the perspective of another person. 
B)  forming a solid identity. 
C)  becoming intimate with another person. 
D)  deciding on a career path. 
A)  adopting the perspective of another person. 
B)  forming a solid identity. 
C)  becoming intimate with another person. 
D)  deciding on a career path.

Question 20

According to Selman, 6- to 8-year-old children:

Accepted Answer

A)  believe that others' different perspectives stem from possession of different knowledge. 
B)  realize that others have different perspectives and are able to think about others' points of view. 
C)  are able to systematically compare their own and another person's points of view. 
D)  believe that others cannot have a different perspective from their own. 
A)  believe that others' different perspectives stem from possession of different knowledge. 
B)  realize that others have different perspectives and are able to think about others' points of view. 
C)  are able to systematically compare their own and another person's points of view. 
D)  believe that others cannot have a different perspective from their own.

According to Selman, children in stage 4:

Describe the principles of systematic desensitization and behaviour modification. On what theory or theories are they founded?

The promising child maltreatment intervention program described in the text focused on:

According to Freud, _____ leads children to the emergence of the superego.

The theory that is primarily concerned with the survival value of particular behaviours is _____ theory.

Bronfenbrenner was the founder of:

A person who believes that intelligence is fixed is considered by Dweck and her colleagues to have a(n) _____ theory of intelligence.

Research by Dweck and colleagues on the association between individuals' theories of intelligence and their math achievement demonstrated that:

Parental-investment theory explains the higher rate of murder committed by stepfathers against stepchildren than of murder committed by fathers against biological children in terms of the difference in:

Pria's friends love to gossip, and they wish Pria would gossip more than she currently does. According to operant conditioning, which scenario is likely to increase Pria's gossiping?

On which point do Freud and current developmental psychologists disagree?

John Watson was the founder of:

Which concept is NOT included in Dweck's theory of self-attribution and achievement motivation?

Erikson's stages are characterized by:

Which statement about intermittent reinforcement is TRUE?

Which factor associated with child maltreatment is within the child's exosystem?

Which concept is MOST closely related to a hostile attributional bias?

Role taking refers to:

According to Selman, 6- to 8-year-old children:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 9: Theories of Social Development

According to Selman, children in stage 4:

Describe the principles of systematic desensitization and behaviour modification. On what theory or theories are they founded?

The promising child maltreatment intervention program described in the text focused on:

According to Freud, _____ leads children to the emergence of the superego.

The theory that is primarily concerned with the survival value of particular behaviours is _____ theory.

Bronfenbrenner was the founder of:

A person who believes that intelligence is fixed is considered by Dweck and her colleagues to have a(n) _____ theory of intelligence.

Research by Dweck and colleagues on the association between individuals' theories of intelligence and their math achievement demonstrated that:

Parental-investment theory explains the higher rate of murder committed by stepfathers against stepchildren than of murder committed by fathers against biological children in terms of the difference in:

Pria's friends love to gossip, and they wish Pria would gossip more than she currently does. According to operant conditioning, which scenario is likely to increase Pria's gossiping?

On which point do Freud and current developmental psychologists disagree?

John Watson was the founder of:

Which concept is NOT included in Dweck's theory of self-attribution and achievement motivation?

Erikson's stages are characterized by:

Which statement about intermittent reinforcement is TRUE?

Which factor associated with child maltreatment is within the child's exosystem?

Which concept is MOST closely related to a hostile attributional bias?

Role taking refers to:

According to Selman, 6- to 8-year-old children:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters