Question 1

Which factor is NOT emphasized in ecological theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  sociocultural context 
B)  continuity 
C)  active role of the child 
D)  genetic influences 
A)  sociocultural context 
B)  continuity 
C)  active role of the child 
D)  genetic influences

Question 2

_____ is part of the macrosystem.

Accepted Answer

A)  The societal belief that men should be breadwinners 
B)  A father's job loss 
C)  The societal shift in the employment status of women over the past decade 
D)  A mother's practice of taking her daughter to work on Take Your Daughter to Work Day 
A)  The societal belief that men should be breadwinners 
B)  A father's job loss 
C)  The societal shift in the employment status of women over the past decade 
D)  A mother's practice of taking her daughter to work on Take Your Daughter to Work Day

Question 3

According to evolutionary psychologists, which situation is NOT associated with the large size of the human brain (relative to body size) in comparison with other species?

Accepted Answer

A)  birth occurring at a more mature stage of development 
B)  increased social complexity 
C)  prolonged period of immaturity and dependence 
D)  high level of neural plasticity 
A)  birth occurring at a more mature stage of development 
B)  increased social complexity 
C)  prolonged period of immaturity and dependence 
D)  high level of neural plasticity

Question 4

During which stage does the superego develop?

Accepted Answer

A)  phallic 
B)  latency 
C)  anal 
D)  genital 
A)  phallic 
B)  latency 
C)  anal 
D)  genital

Question 5

Freud theorized that individuals' development is propelled by:

Accepted Answer

A)  their instinctual drives. 
B)  the contexts in which they live. 
C)  interpretations of their parents' behaviour. 
D)  their attributional biases. 
A)  their instinctual drives. 
B)  the contexts in which they live. 
C)  interpretations of their parents' behaviour. 
D)  their attributional biases.

Question 6

According to Freud, if a person's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage, the person may:

Accepted Answer

A)  become fixated on the issues relevant to that stage. 
B)  experience an identity crisis. 
C)  make hostile attributions. 
D)  develop infantile amnesia. 
A)  become fixated on the issues relevant to that stage. 
B)  experience an identity crisis. 
C)  make hostile attributions. 
D)  develop infantile amnesia.

Question 7

According to the text, which type of praise or criticism would be MOST likely to be associated with children developing an incremental/mastery orientation in response to failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I think you need to try harder." 
B)  "You're very smart at these problems." 
C)  "You just can't do math." 
D)  "I'm proud of you." 
A)  "I think you need to try harder." 
B)  "You're very smart at these problems." 
C)  "You just can't do math." 
D)  "I'm proud of you."

Question 8

According to Dodge's information-processing theory of social problem solving, aggressive children's primary problem is that they:

Accepted Answer

A)  have a bias in their interpretations of others' behaviours. 
B)  expect aggressive behaviour to be useful in getting along with others. 
C)  do not possess the ability to formulate socially acceptable goals. 
D)  have a poor capacity to generate strategies to achieve their goals. 
A)  have a bias in their interpretations of others' behaviours. 
B)  expect aggressive behaviour to be useful in getting along with others. 
C)  do not possess the ability to formulate socially acceptable goals. 
D)  have a poor capacity to generate strategies to achieve their goals.

Question 9

Ecological theories of development stress the importance of:

Accepted Answer

A)  self-socialization. 
B)  reinforcement and imitation. 
C)  the stages children progress through as they develop. 
D)  children as a part of the larger species. 
A)  self-socialization. 
B)  reinforcement and imitation. 
C)  the stages children progress through as they develop. 
D)  children as a part of the larger species.

Question 10

Watson employed _____ to create fear of a white rat in "Little Albert."

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic desensitization 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  classical conditioning 
D)  role taking 
A)  systematic desensitization 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  classical conditioning 
D)  role taking

Question 11

Imprinting is of particular concern to _____ theorists.

Accepted Answer

A)  bioecological 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  ethological 
D)  social-learning 
A)  bioecological 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  ethological 
D)  social-learning

Question 12

These theories largely focus on aspects of behaviour that serve an adaptive function.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethological and evolutionary 
B)  social cognitive and social-learning 
C)  operant conditioning and social-learning 
D)  psychosocial and psychosexual 
A)  ethological and evolutionary 
B)  social cognitive and social-learning 
C)  operant conditioning and social-learning 
D)  psychosocial and psychosexual

Question 13

Which theorist claimed that he could train any child to become any kind of specialist, regardless of the characteristics of the child's ancestors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Skinner 
B)  Watson 
C)  Freud 
D)  Bandura 
A)  Skinner 
B)  Watson 
C)  Freud 
D)  Bandura

Question 14

Bandura's "Bobo" doll study did NOT demonstrate that:

Accepted Answer

A)  children can learn through imitation. 
B)  children's behaviour may be inconsistent with what they have learned. 
C)  seeing others rewarded and punished can influence a child's behaviour. 
D)  reinforcement is necessary for learning. 
A)  children can learn through imitation. 
B)  children's behaviour may be inconsistent with what they have learned. 
C)  seeing others rewarded and punished can influence a child's behaviour. 
D)  reinforcement is necessary for learning.

Question 15

Contemporary learning theorists emphasize the importance of _____ on children's development.

Accepted Answer

A)  socialization 
B)  internal forces 
C)  subjective experience 
D)  context 
A)  socialization 
B)  internal forces 
C)  subjective experience 
D)  context

Question 16

Rhonda believes that her intelligence can grow with experience. When Rhonda encounters failure, she would be expected to:

Accepted Answer

A)  work persistently to solve the problem. 
B)  believe that her failure is due to a lack of ability. 
C)  believe she is dumb. 
D)  feel helpless. 
A)  work persistently to solve the problem. 
B)  believe that her failure is due to a lack of ability. 
C)  believe she is dumb. 
D)  feel helpless.

Question 17

_____ is an example of a weapon against the negative effects of media on children that occurs at the macrosystem level.

Accepted Answer

A)  Parental control of children's access 
B)  Community centre programs aimed at children 
C)  School-based programs to educate children about the effects of media 
D)  Regulation of advertising 
A)  Parental control of children's access 
B)  Community centre programs aimed at children 
C)  School-based programs to educate children about the effects of media 
D)  Regulation of advertising

Question 18

Which condition is NOT more common among children and adolescents who are maltreated than among their peers?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-reliance and independence from teachers 
B)  problems with peer relationships 
C)  less secure attachments with parents 
D)  eating disorders 
A)  self-reliance and independence from teachers 
B)  problems with peer relationships 
C)  less secure attachments with parents 
D)  eating disorders

Question 19

In a study that examined the amount of time male and female newborns looked at human faces and at mobiles, results demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

A)  both male and female infants primarily looked at mobiles. 
B)  both male and female infants primarily looked at faces. 
C)  male infants looked longer at mobiles and female infants looked longer at faces. 
D)  female infants looked longer at mobiles and male infants looked longer at faces. 
A)  both male and female infants primarily looked at mobiles. 
B)  both male and female infants primarily looked at faces. 
C)  male infants looked longer at mobiles and female infants looked longer at faces. 
D)  female infants looked longer at mobiles and male infants looked longer at faces.

Question 20

Psychoanalytic theories view development as driven by:

Accepted Answer

A)  external factors. 
B)  biological maturation. 
C)  the multiple contexts in which children develop. 
D)  children's active shaping of their own development. 
A)  external factors. 
B)  biological maturation. 
C)  the multiple contexts in which children develop. 
D)  children's active shaping of their own development.

Which factor is NOT emphasized in ecological theories?

_____ is part of the macrosystem.

According to evolutionary psychologists, which situation is NOT associated with the large size of the human brain (relative to body size) in comparison with other species?

During which stage does the superego develop?

Freud theorized that individuals' development is propelled by:

According to Freud, if a person's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage, the person may:

According to the text, which type of praise or criticism would be MOST likely to be associated with children developing an incremental/mastery orientation in response to failure?

According to Dodge's information-processing theory of social problem solving, aggressive children's primary problem is that they:

Ecological theories of development stress the importance of:

Watson employed _____ to create fear of a white rat in "Little Albert."

Imprinting is of particular concern to _____ theorists.

These theories largely focus on aspects of behaviour that serve an adaptive function.

Which theorist claimed that he could train any child to become any kind of specialist, regardless of the characteristics of the child's ancestors?

Bandura's "Bobo" doll study did NOT demonstrate that:

Contemporary learning theorists emphasize the importance of _____ on children's development.

Rhonda believes that her intelligence can grow with experience. When Rhonda encounters failure, she would be expected to:

_____ is an example of a weapon against the negative effects of media on children that occurs at the macrosystem level.

Which condition is NOT more common among children and adolescents who are maltreated than among their peers?

In a study that examined the amount of time male and female newborns looked at human faces and at mobiles, results demonstrated that:

Psychoanalytic theories view development as driven by:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 9: Theories of Social Development

Which factor is NOT emphasized in ecological theories?

_____ is part of the macrosystem.

According to evolutionary psychologists, which situation is NOT associated with the large size of the human brain (relative to body size) in comparison with other species?

During which stage does the superego develop?

Freud theorized that individuals' development is propelled by:

According to Freud, if a person's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage, the person may:

According to the text, which type of praise or criticism would be MOST likely to be associated with children developing an incremental/mastery orientation in response to failure?

According to Dodge's information-processing theory of social problem solving, aggressive children's primary problem is that they:

Ecological theories of development stress the importance of:

Watson employed _____ to create fear of a white rat in "Little Albert."

Imprinting is of particular concern to _____ theorists.

These theories largely focus on aspects of behaviour that serve an adaptive function.

Which theorist claimed that he could train any child to become any kind of specialist, regardless of the characteristics of the child's ancestors?

Bandura's "Bobo" doll study did NOT demonstrate that:

Contemporary learning theorists emphasize the importance of _____ on children's development.

Rhonda believes that her intelligence can grow with experience. When Rhonda encounters failure, she would be expected to:

_____ is an example of a weapon against the negative effects of media on children that occurs at the macrosystem level.

Which condition is NOT more common among children and adolescents who are maltreated than among their peers?

In a study that examined the amount of time male and female newborns looked at human faces and at mobiles, results demonstrated that:

Psychoanalytic theories view development as driven by:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters