Question 1

Among adolescents, _____ is NOT associated with lower self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A)  living in urban poverty 
B)  living in violent neighbourhoods 
C)  making the transition from elementary school to junior high school 
D)  being African American 
A)  living in urban poverty 
B)  living in violent neighbourhoods 
C)  making the transition from elementary school to junior high school 
D)  being African American

Question 2

Which factor was found by the SECCYD to be a predictor of secure attachment?

Accepted Answer

A)  type of childcare 
B)  number of childcare arrangements 
C)  quality of childcare 
D)  maternal sensitivity 
A)  type of childcare 
B)  number of childcare arrangements 
C)  quality of childcare 
D)  maternal sensitivity

Question 3

Self-esteem refers to one's:

Accepted Answer

A)  sense of identity. 
B)  evaluation of the self. 
C)  overall evaluation of the self and the feelings about that evaluation. 
D)  feelings about oneself. 
A)  sense of identity. 
B)  evaluation of the self. 
C)  overall evaluation of the self and the feelings about that evaluation. 
D)  feelings about oneself.

Question 4

When an experimenter surreptitiously places a dot of rouge on Deeana's face and then puts her in front of the mirror, she touches the spot on her face. Deeana is MOST likely to be at what age?

Accepted Answer

A)  14 months 
B)  17 months 
C)  20 months 
D)  11 months 
A)  14 months 
B)  17 months 
C)  20 months 
D)  11 months

Question 5

Attachment theorists believe that the MOST important contributor to the development of a secure attachment is:

Accepted Answer

A)  parental sensitivity. 
B)  physical contact between parent and child. 
C)  infant temperament 
D)  continuous, uninterrupted attention by the parent. 
A)  parental sensitivity. 
B)  physical contact between parent and child. 
C)  infant temperament 
D)  continuous, uninterrupted attention by the parent.

Question 6

What has been demonstrated by research on the links between specific genes and attachment behaviours?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no clear evidence linking genes and attachment. 
B)  Insecure attachments, but not secure attachments, have a strong genetic component. 
C)  Certain genes cause individuals to be more sensitive to the quality of the environment. 
D)  Links between adult attachment and infant attachment are a result of shared genetics. 
A)  There is no clear evidence linking genes and attachment. 
B)  Insecure attachments, but not secure attachments, have a strong genetic component. 
C)  Certain genes cause individuals to be more sensitive to the quality of the environment. 
D)  Links between adult attachment and infant attachment are a result of shared genetics.

Question 7

Aspects of childcare were related to attachment security when children experienced:

Accepted Answer

A)  risks in the childcare context. 
B)  risks in the home context. 
C)  risks at both childcare and home contexts. 
D)  risks neither at childcare nor home contexts. 
A)  risks in the childcare context. 
B)  risks in the home context. 
C)  risks at both childcare and home contexts. 
D)  risks neither at childcare nor home contexts.

Question 8

Which goal is NOT taught to parents by the ABC intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  providing nurturance to the child 
B)  following the child's lead 
C)  avoiding frightening behaviours 
D)  changing maladaptive representations of parent-child relationships 
A)  providing nurturance to the child 
B)  following the child's lead 
C)  avoiding frightening behaviours 
D)  changing maladaptive representations of parent-child relationships

Question 9

Attachment theory was proposed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Harlow. 
B)  Ainsworth. 
C)  Bowlby. 
D)  Lorenz. 
A)  Harlow. 
B)  Ainsworth. 
C)  Bowlby. 
D)  Lorenz.

Question 10

When the presence of a trusted caregiver provides an infant or toddler with the ability to explore the environment, the child is using the caregiver as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  security object. 
B)  dependent attachment figure. 
C)  secure base. 
D)  working model. 
A)  security object. 
B)  dependent attachment figure. 
C)  secure base. 
D)  working model.

Question 11

Hina is a young adolescent. If asked to describe herself, which statement is she LEAST likely to say?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I just don't understand why sometimes I am so nice and other times I am so mean." 
B)  "I don't have that many friends." 
C)  "I have more friends than Kate because she isn't as nice a person as I am." 
D)  "I can be a real introvert sometimes." 
A)  "I just don't understand why sometimes I am so nice and other times I am so mean." 
B)  "I don't have that many friends." 
C)  "I have more friends than Kate because she isn't as nice a person as I am." 
D)  "I can be a real introvert sometimes."

Question 12

Which piece of evidence is the BEST support for the causal effect of infant attachment security on later social functioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children who are securely attached as infants are more likely than other children to be socially and emotionally competent. 
B)  When security of attachment changes because of stress in the home, parent‒child interactions at the time are associated with social and emotional competence at that age. 
C)  Children who had a secure attachment during infancy are more socially and emotionally competent in middle childhood than are other children. 
D)  There is no association between infant attachment security and social functioning. 
A)  Children who are securely attached as infants are more likely than other children to be socially and emotionally competent. 
B)  When security of attachment changes because of stress in the home, parent‒child interactions at the time are associated with social and emotional competence at that age. 
C)  Children who had a secure attachment during infancy are more socially and emotionally competent in middle childhood than are other children. 
D)  There is no association between infant attachment security and social functioning.

Question 13

Compared with children who were insecurely attached as infants, children who were securely attached as infants do NOT demonstrate:

Accepted Answer

A)  more social competence. 
B)  less anxiety and depression. 
C)  better ability to understand other's emotions. 
D)  increased anxiety and depression. 
A)  more social competence. 
B)  less anxiety and depression. 
C)  better ability to understand other's emotions. 
D)  increased anxiety and depression.

Question 14

Mary Ainsworth concluded that the quality of infant attachments can be determined by looking at:

Accepted Answer

A)  infant reactions to separations from the caregiver and the infant's use of the caregiver as a secure base. 
B)  infant smiling directed at the caregiver and caregiver nonverbal communication toward the infant. 
C)  mutual verbal and nonverbal communication between the infant and the caregiver. 
D)  the infant's use of the caregiver as a secure base and smiling versus crying in the presence of the caregiver. 
A)  infant reactions to separations from the caregiver and the infant's use of the caregiver as a secure base. 
B)  infant smiling directed at the caregiver and caregiver nonverbal communication toward the infant. 
C)  mutual verbal and nonverbal communication between the infant and the caregiver. 
D)  the infant's use of the caregiver as a secure base and smiling versus crying in the presence of the caregiver.

Question 15

Noticing discrepancies between one's own performance and others' performance is founded on:

Accepted Answer

A)  social comparison. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  overconfidence. 
D)  an adolescent sense of self. 
A)  social comparison. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  overconfidence. 
D)  an adolescent sense of self.

Question 16

In regard to culture and self-esteem, scores on measures of self-esteem:

Accepted Answer

A)  do not differ across cultures. 
B)  differ across cultures because there are genetic differences in the average level of self-esteem in different cultures. 
C)  differ across cultures because there are differences in the meaning of self-esteem in different cultures. 
D)  differ across cultures because there are differences in the meaning of self-esteem and self-criticism in different cultures. 
A)  do not differ across cultures. 
B)  differ across cultures because there are genetic differences in the average level of self-esteem in different cultures. 
C)  differ across cultures because there are differences in the meaning of self-esteem in different cultures. 
D)  differ across cultures because there are differences in the meaning of self-esteem and self-criticism in different cultures.

Question 17

After a period of exploration, Mario has made decisions regarding occupation, beliefs and ideals, and sexuality. His sense of identity is coherent and consolidated. Mario would be classified into which identity-status category?

Accepted Answer

A)  foreclosure 
B)  positive 
C)  moratorium 
D)  achievement 
A)  foreclosure 
B)  positive 
C)  moratorium 
D)  achievement

Question 18

The study of parent‒child attachment was prompted by:

Accepted Answer

A)  interviews with parents of children with Down syndrome. 
B)  observations of children growing up in orphanages in the 1940s. 
C)  studies of aggression in monkeys. 
D)  an analysis of children who were physically abused by their parents. 
A)  interviews with parents of children with Down syndrome. 
B)  observations of children growing up in orphanages in the 1940s. 
C)  studies of aggression in monkeys. 
D)  an analysis of children who were physically abused by their parents.

Question 19

_____ is/are used to test whether toddlers have a sense of self.

Accepted Answer

A)  The Strange Situation 
B)  Children's reactions when their own arm movements control movement of a mobile 
C)  Placing rouge on child's face before placing the child in front of a mirror 
D)  Personal Fables 
A)  The Strange Situation 
B)  Children's reactions when their own arm movements control movement of a mobile 
C)  Placing rouge on child's face before placing the child in front of a mirror 
D)  Personal Fables

Question 20

Interventions to prevent insecure attachment are geared toward:

Accepted Answer

A)  parents. 
B)  children. 
C)  both parents and children. 
D)  social environments. 
A)  parents. 
B)  children. 
C)  both parents and children. 
D)  social environments.

Among adolescents, _____ is NOT associated with lower self-esteem.

Which factor was found by the SECCYD to be a predictor of secure attachment?

Self-esteem refers to one's:

When an experimenter surreptitiously places a dot of rouge on Deeana's face and then puts her in front of the mirror, she touches the spot on her face. Deeana is MOST likely to be at what age?

Attachment theorists believe that the MOST important contributor to the development of a secure attachment is:

What has been demonstrated by research on the links between specific genes and attachment behaviours?

Aspects of childcare were related to attachment security when children experienced:

Which goal is NOT taught to parents by the ABC intervention?

Attachment theory was proposed by:

When the presence of a trusted caregiver provides an infant or toddler with the ability to explore the environment, the child is using the caregiver as a:

Hina is a young adolescent. If asked to describe herself, which statement is she LEAST likely to say?

Which piece of evidence is the BEST support for the causal effect of infant attachment security on later social functioning?

Compared with children who were insecurely attached as infants, children who were securely attached as infants do NOT demonstrate:

Mary Ainsworth concluded that the quality of infant attachments can be determined by looking at:

Noticing discrepancies between one's own performance and others' performance is founded on:

In regard to culture and self-esteem, scores on measures of self-esteem:

After a period of exploration, Mario has made decisions regarding occupation, beliefs and ideals, and sexuality. His sense of identity is coherent and consolidated. Mario would be classified into which identity-status category?

The study of parent‒child attachment was prompted by:

_____ is/are used to test whether toddlers have a sense of self.

Interventions to prevent insecure attachment are geared toward:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 11: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Among adolescents, _____ is NOT associated with lower self-esteem.

Which factor was found by the SECCYD to be a predictor of secure attachment?

Self-esteem refers to one's:

When an experimenter surreptitiously places a dot of rouge on Deeana's face and then puts her in front of the mirror, she touches the spot on her face. Deeana is MOST likely to be at what age?

Attachment theorists believe that the MOST important contributor to the development of a secure attachment is:

What has been demonstrated by research on the links between specific genes and attachment behaviours?

Aspects of childcare were related to attachment security when children experienced:

Which goal is NOT taught to parents by the ABC intervention?

Attachment theory was proposed by:

When the presence of a trusted caregiver provides an infant or toddler with the ability to explore the environment, the child is using the caregiver as a:

Hina is a young adolescent. If asked to describe herself, which statement is she LEAST likely to say?

Which piece of evidence is the BEST support for the causal effect of infant attachment security on later social functioning?

Compared with children who were insecurely attached as infants, children who were securely attached as infants do NOT demonstrate:

Mary Ainsworth concluded that the quality of infant attachments can be determined by looking at:

Noticing discrepancies between one's own performance and others' performance is founded on:

In regard to culture and self-esteem, scores on measures of self-esteem:

After a period of exploration, Mario has made decisions regarding occupation, beliefs and ideals, and sexuality. His sense of identity is coherent and consolidated. Mario would be classified into which identity-status category?

The study of parent‒child attachment was prompted by:

_____ is/are used to test whether toddlers have a sense of self.

Interventions to prevent insecure attachment are geared toward:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters