Question 1

If the pressure and volume of an ideal gas are both reduced to half their original value, the absolute temperature of the gas is

Accepted Answer

A)  unchanged. 
B)  doubled. 
C)  halved. 
D)  increased by a factor of 4. 
E)  decreased by a factor of 4. 
A)  unchanged. 
B)  doubled. 
C)  halved. 
D)  increased by a factor of 4. 
E)  decreased by a factor of 4. E

Question 2

A large balloon is being filled with He from gas cylinders. The temperature is 25S1U1P1$\circ$S1S1P0C and the pressure is 1 atmosphere. The volume of the inflated balloon is 2500 m3. What was the volume of He in the cylinders if the gas was under a pressure of 110 atmospheres and at a temperature of 12S1U1P1$\circ$S1S1P0C when in the gas cylinders?

Accepted Answer

A)  11 m3  
B)  22 m3  
C)  24 m3  
D)  15 m3  
E)  23 m3  
A)  11 m3  
B)  22 m3  
C)  24 m3  
D)  15 m3  
E)  23 m3  B

Question 3

A room measures 3 m $\times$ 4 m $\times$ 2 m and is at 15S1U1P1$\circ$S1S1P0C and 1 atm. Assuming that it only has the two diatomic gases, N2 and O2, how much heat is needed to increase the temperature to 25S1U1P1$\circ$S1S1P0C? (Ignore the loss in air as the temperature heats up.)

Accepted Answer

A)  8.4 $\times$ 104 J 
B)  1.3 $\times$ 105 J 
C)  1.7 $\times$ 105 J 
D)  2.1 $\times$ 105 J 
E)  none of the above 
A)  8.4 $\times$ 104 J 
B)  1.3 $\times$ 105 J 
C)  1.7 $\times$ 105 J 
D)  2.1 $\times$ 105 J 
E)  none of the above D

Question 4

Which of the following statements about thermal contact and thermal equilibrium is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two objects can be in thermal equilibrium even if they are not in thermal contact with each other. 
B)  Heat may be transferred between two objects when they are in thermal contact. 
C)  For energy to be transferred between two objects they have to be in thermal contact. 
D)  Thermal contact between two objects allows energy to be transferred without the use of macroscopic work. 
E)  Two objects, one that feels cold and the other does not feel as cold, does not imply that they are not in thermal equilibrium. 
A)  Two objects can be in thermal equilibrium even if they are not in thermal contact with each other. 
B)  Heat may be transferred between two objects when they are in thermal contact. 
C)  For energy to be transferred between two objects they have to be in thermal contact. 
D)  Thermal contact between two objects allows energy to be transferred without the use of macroscopic work. 
E)  Two objects, one that feels cold and the other does not feel as cold, does not imply that they are not in thermal equilibrium.

Question 5

Ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl) is used as a refrigerant under certain circumstances. One mole of this substance contains Avogadro's number of

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon atoms. 
B)  hydrogen atoms. 
C)  chlorine atoms. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
E)  None of these is correct. 
A)  carbon atoms. 
B)  hydrogen atoms. 
C)  chlorine atoms. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 6

A hailstorm causes an average pressure of 1.4 N/m2 on the 200-m2 flat roof of a house. The hailstones, each of mass 7.0 $\times$ 10-3 kg, have an average velocity of 10 m/s perpendicular to the roof and rebound after hitting the roof with the same speed. How many hailstones hit the roof each second?

Accepted Answer

A)  4000 
B)  2000 
C)  1000 
D)  10 
E)  800 
A)  4000 
B)  2000 
C)  1000 
D)  10 
E)  800

Question 7

At what Kelvin temperature does the rms speed of the oxygen (O2) molecules in the air near the surface of the earth become equal to the escape speed from the earth? (R = 8.31 J/mol · K; molar mass of O2 gas is 32 g/mol; radius of the earth RE = 6.37 $\times$ 106 m; the escape speed from the earth is 11.2 km/s)

Accepted Answer

A)  4.8 $\times$ 105 K 
B)  8.0 $\times$ 104 K 
C)  1.6 $\times$ 105 K 
D)  1.1 $\times$ 104 K 
E)  3.6 $\times$ 105 K 
A)  4.8 $\times$ 105 K 
B)  8.0 $\times$ 104 K 
C)  1.6 $\times$ 105 K 
D)  1.1 $\times$ 104 K 
E)  3.6 $\times$ 105 K

Question 8

If you plot a graph with Fahrenheit temperatures along the horizontal axis and the corresponding Celsius temperatures along the vertical axis, the slope of the equal-temperature line will be

Accepted Answer

A)  -40 Fº/Cº 
B)  32 Fº/Cº 
C)  1.8 Fº/Cº 
D)  0.56 Fº/Cº 
E)  0 Fº/Cº 
A)  -40 Fº/Cº 
B)  32 Fº/Cº 
C)  1.8 Fº/Cº 
D)  0.56 Fº/Cº 
E)  0 Fº/Cº

Question 9

Assume that helium is a perfect gas and that the volume of a cylinder containing helium is independent of temperature. A cylinder of helium at +85ºC has a pressure of 208 atm. The pressure of the helium when it is cooled to -55ºC is

Accepted Answer

A)  -132 atm 
B)  127 atm 
C)  335 atm 
D)  132 atm 
E)  204 atm 
A)  -132 atm 
B)  127 atm 
C)  335 atm 
D)  132 atm 
E)  204 atm

Question 10

The isotherm that corresponds to the lowest temperature is the one labeled

Accepted Answer

A)  T1  
B)  T2  
C)  T3  
D)  The isotherms correspond to the same temperature. 
E)  None of these is correct. 
A)  T1  
B)  T2  
C)  T3  
D)  The isotherms correspond to the same temperature. 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 11

Which of the following is an assumption that is made in the kinetic theory of gases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Molecules are not described by Newton's laws. 
B)  Molecules make up only a small fraction of the volume occupied by a gas. 
C)  Molecules collide inelastically. 
D)  The total number of molecules is actually very small. 
E)  There are forces acting on the molecules at all times. 
A)  Molecules are not described by Newton's laws. 
B)  Molecules make up only a small fraction of the volume occupied by a gas. 
C)  Molecules collide inelastically. 
D)  The total number of molecules is actually very small. 
E)  There are forces acting on the molecules at all times.

Question 12

The rms speed of oxygen molecules is 460 m/s at 0ºC. The molecular weight of oxygen is 8 times the molecular weight of helium. The rms speed of helium at 40ºC is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  3.68 km/s 
B)  1.84 km/s 
C)  1.40 km/s 
D)  880 m/s 
E)  440 m/s 
A)  3.68 km/s 
B)  1.84 km/s 
C)  1.40 km/s 
D)  880 m/s 
E)  440 m/s

Question 13

An interval of 30 kelvins is equivalent to an interval of

Accepted Answer

A)  30 Fahrenheit degrees. 
B)  76 Fahrenheit degrees. 
C)  577 Fahrenheit degrees. 
D)  303 Fahrenheit degrees. 
E)  None of these is correct. 
A)  30 Fahrenheit degrees. 
B)  76 Fahrenheit degrees. 
C)  577 Fahrenheit degrees. 
D)  303 Fahrenheit degrees. 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 14

Use the following to answer question:  
-The figure shows the distribution of the molecular speeds of a gas for two different temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A)  The curve labeled T1 represents the distribution for the higher temperature molecules. 
B)  The point labeled "1" corresponds to the rms speed of the molecules whose temperature is T1. 
C)  The point labeled "2" corresponds to the maximum speed of the molecules whose temperature is T1. 
D)  The point labeled "3" corresponds to the average speed of the molecules whose temperature is T1. 
E)  None of these is correct. 
A)  The curve labeled T1 represents the distribution for the higher temperature molecules. 
B)  The point labeled "1" corresponds to the rms speed of the molecules whose temperature is T1. 
C)  The point labeled "2" corresponds to the maximum speed of the molecules whose temperature is T1. 
D)  The point labeled "3" corresponds to the average speed of the molecules whose temperature is T1. 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 15

A rigid container of air is at atmospheric pressure and 27ºC. To double the pressure in the container, heat it to

Accepted Answer

A)  54ºC 
B)  300ºC 
C)  327ºC 
D)  600ºC 
E)  327 K 
A)  54ºC 
B)  300ºC 
C)  327ºC 
D)  600ºC 
E)  327 K

Question 16

An example of a thermometric property is

Accepted Answer

A)  the volume of a gas. 
B)  the pressure of a confined gas. 
C)  the electrical resistance of an electrical conductor. 
D)  the length of a column of mercury. 
E)  All of these are correct. 
A)  the volume of a gas. 
B)  the pressure of a confined gas. 
C)  the electrical resistance of an electrical conductor. 
D)  the length of a column of mercury. 
E)  All of these are correct.

Question 17

Two monoatomic gases, helium and neon, are mixed in the ratio of 2 to 1 and are in thermal equilibrium at temperature T (the molar mass of neon = 5 $\times$ the molar mass of helium). If the average kinetic energy of each helium atom is U, calculate the average energy of each neon atom.

Accepted Answer

A)  U 
B)  0.5U 
C)  2U 
D)  5U 
E)  U/5 
A)  U 
B)  0.5U 
C)  2U 
D)  5U 
E)  U/5

Question 18

A volume of an ideal gas goes through a temperature change from 20ºC to 60ºC. The relation between the average molecular kinetic energy at 20ºC (K1) and that at 60ºC (K2) is

Accepted Answer

A)  K1 = K2  
B)  K1 = 0.33 K2  
C)  K1 = 3 K2  
D)  K1 = 0.88 K2  
E)  K1 = 1.14 K2  
A)  K1 = K2  
B)  K1 = 0.33 K2  
C)  K1 = 3 K2  
D)  K1 = 0.88 K2  
E)  K1 = 1.14 K2

Question 19

If the rms speed of nitrogen molecules (molecular weight of N2 is 28 g/mol) at 273 K is 492 m/s, the rms speed of oxygen molecules (molecular weight of O2 is 32 g/mol) at the same temperature is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  430 m/s 
B)  461 m/s 
C)  492 m/s 
D)  526 m/s 
E)  562 m/s 
A)  430 m/s 
B)  461 m/s 
C)  492 m/s 
D)  526 m/s 
E)  562 m/s

Question 20

A cylinder of volume 50 L contains oxygen gas at a pressure of 2 atm. If nitrogen gas of volume 25 L and at pressure 1 atm is added to the oxygen cylinder, the new pressure is

Accepted Answer

A)  2 atm 
B)  3 atm 
C)  2.5 atm 
D)  3.5 atm 
E)  4 atm 
A)  2 atm 
B)  3 atm 
C)  2.5 atm 
D)  3.5 atm 
E)  4 atm

If the pressure and volume of an ideal gas are both reduced to half their original value, the absolute temperature of the gas is

A room measures 3 m $\times$ 4 m $\times$ 2 m and is at 15^$\circ$C and 1 atm. Assuming that it only has the two diatomic gases, N₂ and O₂, how much heat is needed to increase the temperature to 25^$\circ$C? (Ignore the loss in air as the temperature heats up.)

Which of the following statements about thermal contact and thermal equilibrium is NOT true?

Ethyl chloride (C₂H₅Cl) is used as a refrigerant under certain circumstances. One mole of this substance contains Avogadro's number of

If you plot a graph with Fahrenheit temperatures along the horizontal axis and the corresponding Celsius temperatures along the vertical axis, the slope of the equal-temperature line will be

Assume that helium is a perfect gas and that the volume of a cylinder containing helium is independent of temperature. A cylinder of helium at +85ºC has a pressure of 208 atm. The pressure of the helium when it is cooled to -55ºC is

The isotherm that corresponds to the lowest temperature is the one labeled

Which of the following is an assumption that is made in the kinetic theory of gases?

The rms speed of oxygen molecules is 460 m/s at 0ºC. The molecular weight of oxygen is 8 times the molecular weight of helium. The rms speed of helium at 40ºC is approximately

An interval of 30 kelvins is equivalent to an interval of

Use the following to answer question: -The figure shows the distribution of the molecular speeds of a gas for two different temperatures.

A rigid container of air is at atmospheric pressure and 27ºC. To double the pressure in the container, heat it to

An example of a thermometric property is

Two monoatomic gases, helium and neon, are mixed in the ratio of 2 to 1 and are in thermal equilibrium at temperature T (the molar mass of neon = 5 $\times$ the molar mass of helium). If the average kinetic energy of each helium atom is U, calculate the average energy of each neon atom.

A volume of an ideal gas goes through a temperature change from 20ºC to 60ºC. The relation between the average molecular kinetic energy at 20ºC (K₁) and that at 60ºC (K₂) is

If the rms speed of nitrogen molecules (molecular weight of N₂ is 28 g/mol) at 273 K is 492 m/s, the rms speed of oxygen molecules (molecular weight of O₂ is 32 g/mol) at the same temperature is approximately

A cylinder of volume 50 L contains oxygen gas at a pressure of 2 atm. If nitrogen gas of volume 25 L and at pressure 1 atm is added to the oxygen cylinder, the new pressure is

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Exam 17: Temperature and the Kinetic Theory of Gases

If the pressure and volume of an ideal gas are both reduced to half their original value, the absolute temperature of the gas is

A room measures 3 m ×\times× 4 m ×\times× 2 m and is at 15 ∘\circ∘ C and 1 atm. Assuming that it only has the two diatomic gases, N2 and O2, how much heat is needed to increase the temperature to 25 ∘\circ∘ C? (Ignore the loss in air as the temperature heats up.)

Which of the following statements about thermal contact and thermal equilibrium is NOT true?

Ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl) is used as a refrigerant under certain circumstances. One mole of this substance contains Avogadro's number of

If you plot a graph with Fahrenheit temperatures along the horizontal axis and the corresponding Celsius temperatures along the vertical axis, the slope of the equal-temperature line will be

Assume that helium is a perfect gas and that the volume of a cylinder containing helium is independent of temperature. A cylinder of helium at +85ºC has a pressure of 208 atm. The pressure of the helium when it is cooled to -55ºC is

The isotherm that corresponds to the lowest temperature is the one labeled

Which of the following is an assumption that is made in the kinetic theory of gases?

The rms speed of oxygen molecules is 460 m/s at 0ºC. The molecular weight of oxygen is 8 times the molecular weight of helium. The rms speed of helium at 40ºC is approximately

An interval of 30 kelvins is equivalent to an interval of

Use the following to answer question: -The figure shows the distribution of the molecular speeds of a gas for two different temperatures.

A rigid container of air is at atmospheric pressure and 27ºC. To double the pressure in the container, heat it to

An example of a thermometric property is

Two monoatomic gases, helium and neon, are mixed in the ratio of 2 to 1 and are in thermal equilibrium at temperature T (the molar mass of neon = 5 ×\times× the molar mass of helium). If the average kinetic energy of each helium atom is U, calculate the average energy of each neon atom.

A volume of an ideal gas goes through a temperature change from 20ºC to 60ºC. The relation between the average molecular kinetic energy at 20ºC (K1) and that at 60ºC (K2) is

If the rms speed of nitrogen molecules (molecular weight of N2 is 28 g/mol) at 273 K is 492 m/s, the rms speed of oxygen molecules (molecular weight of O2 is 32 g/mol) at the same temperature is approximately

A cylinder of volume 50 L contains oxygen gas at a pressure of 2 atm. If nitrogen gas of volume 25 L and at pressure 1 atm is added to the oxygen cylinder, the new pressure is

Systems of Measurement

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Newtons Laws

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Work and Energy

Conservation of Energy

Systems of Particles and Conservation of Linear Momentum

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Conservation of Angular Momentum

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Static Equilibrium and Elasticity

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Oscillations

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Superposition and Standing Waves

Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics

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A room measures 3 m $\times$ 4 m $\times$ 2 m and is at 15^$\circ$C and 1 atm. Assuming that it only has the two diatomic gases, N₂ and O₂, how much heat is needed to increase the temperature to 25^$\circ$C? (Ignore the loss in air as the temperature heats up.)

Ethyl chloride (C₂H₅Cl) is used as a refrigerant under certain circumstances. One mole of this substance contains Avogadro's number of

Two monoatomic gases, helium and neon, are mixed in the ratio of 2 to 1 and are in thermal equilibrium at temperature T (the molar mass of neon = 5 $\times$ the molar mass of helium). If the average kinetic energy of each helium atom is U, calculate the average energy of each neon atom.

A volume of an ideal gas goes through a temperature change from 20ºC to 60ºC. The relation between the average molecular kinetic energy at 20ºC (K₁) and that at 60ºC (K₂) is

If the rms speed of nitrogen molecules (molecular weight of N₂ is 28 g/mol) at 273 K is 492 m/s, the rms speed of oxygen molecules (molecular weight of O₂ is 32 g/mol) at the same temperature is approximately