Exam 7: The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development

Secure attachment makes a toddler _____.

Huan is 20 months old, and his mother is in a hurry. She wants to put his shoes on, but Huan rejects that by squirming and declaring, "No! Me!" It takes him five minutes, and his shoes end up on the wrong feet, but he proudly skips out to the car when he's done. Huan is in Erikson's _____ stage.

In the Strange Situation, a sign of secure attachment is _____.

In their study of "temperamental individuality," New York Longitudinal Study researchers found that infants can be characterized as easy, difficult, hard-to-classify, or _____.

A child's typical activity during the oral stage is _____.

At age 5, Samantha still exhibits very strong separation anxiety whenever her mother leaves her anywhere. Samantha's behavior is typical for her age.

_____ learning takes place by observing others.

When playing with their children, mothers are more likely than fathers to _____.

List and define two types of social fear most commonly seen in infants and toddlers.

Which child is demonstrating characteristics of secure attachment?

Humans birth children at relatively short intervals because of _____, the care of children by people other than the biological parents.

Social learning is achieved by observing others.

It has been shown that babies are often unaffected by and immune to parental stress.

Research shows that synchrony is _______; that is, it is needed for normal growth.

According to the New York Longitudinal Study, an infant with colic would probably be classified as _____.

An infant's anger is usually triggered by _____.

Nine-month-old Taran explores new environments when his mother is present but shows distress when his mother leaves the room. However, when she returns, Taran stops crying and greets her with a hug. Taran is exhibiting characteristics of _____ attachment.

According to Freud, if a parent is too strict with toilet training, it can result in a child who is fixated in the _____ stage.

A child fixated in the oral stage may become an adult who____

The _____ technique is an experimental practice in which an adult keeps his or her face unmoving and expressionless in face-to-face interaction with an infant.