Question 1

How many levels are there to the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 C

Question 2

Which of the following characteristics are associated with a MANOVA? (You may select more than one option.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Two or more dependent variables 
B)  One or more independent variables 
C)  One dependent variable 
D)  Discriminant analysis is used as the follow-up test. 
A)  Two or more dependent variables 
B)  One or more independent variables 
C)  One dependent variable 
D)  Discriminant analysis is used as the follow-up test. A

Question 3

If test assumptions are violated, which non-parametric test should be performed?

Accepted Answer

A)  None of the tests are appropriate 
B)  Friedman's test 
C)  McNemur's test 
D)  Mann-Whitney test 
A)  None of the tests are appropriate 
B)  Friedman's test 
C)  McNemur's test 
D)  Mann-Whitney test A

Question 4

Analyse the anxiety data in elite, sub-elite and county kayakers (see Q5). Calculate the CPM based on the data provided below.

Accepted Answer

A)  -696.13 
B)  +696.13 
C)  -347.13 
D)  347.13 
A)  -696.13 
B)  +696.13 
C)  -347.13 
D)  347.13

Question 5

Which of the following descriptions best reflects the results from the MANOVA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The significance values are all the same so any of the test statistics could be used. 
B)  Use Hotelling's trace as it accounts for a significant Box test result. 
C)  Use Roy's largest root as it is the most powerful test. 
D)  Use Wilks's lambda as it is the most conservative test. 
A)  The significance values are all the same so any of the test statistics could be used. 
B)  Use Hotelling's trace as it accounts for a significant Box test result. 
C)  Use Roy's largest root as it is the most powerful test. 
D)  Use Wilks's lambda as it is the most conservative test.

Question 6

Analyse the data using a MANOVA and a simple contrast. What was the corresponding significance value between elite and sub-elite athletes?

Accepted Answer

A)  p = .044 
B)  p = .006 
C)  p = .424 
D)  p = .473 
A)  p = .044 
B)  p = .006 
C)  p = .424 
D)  p = .473

Question 7

What factors are most likely to strengthen the power of a MANOVA? (You may select more than one option.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Effect size is large 
B)  One outcome variable that exhibits a large group difference whilst a second has a small or no group difference 
C)  High correlation between dependent variables 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Effect size is large 
B)  One outcome variable that exhibits a large group difference whilst a second has a small or no group difference 
C)  High correlation between dependent variables 
D)  All of the above

Question 8

If multiple ANOVAs are used to follow up on a significant MANOVA result, what should be applied to the calculation to protect against Type I error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bonferroni adjustment 
B)  Tukey post hoc test 
C)  Shapiro-Wilk test 
D)  B and C 
A)  Bonferroni adjustment 
B)  Tukey post hoc test 
C)  Shapiro-Wilk test 
D)  B and C

Question 9

Which of the following is not an assumption of MANOVA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Observations should be statistically independent 
B)  Random sampling from a given population 
C)  Measured at an ordinal level 
D)  Homogeneity of covariate matrices 
A)  Observations should be statistically independent 
B)  Random sampling from a given population 
C)  Measured at an ordinal level 
D)  Homogeneity of covariate matrices

Question 10

Calculate the CPR value based on the value above and assuming that the CPT value equals 1630.27.

Accepted Answer

A)  2326.4 
B)  934.14 
C)  1283.13 
D)  1977.41 
A)  2326.4 
B)  934.14 
C)  1283.13 
D)  1977.41

Question 11

Which of the following is the most appropriate explanation of the total cross-product (CPM)?

Accepted Answer

A)  An evaluation of the collective relationship between the two dependent variables 
B)  The influence of the experimental manipulation on the relationship between the dependent variables 
C)  The degree of influence individual differences in participant performance have on the relationship between the dependent variables 
D)  The level of influence group means have on the relationship between the dependent variables 
A)  An evaluation of the collective relationship between the two dependent variables 
B)  The influence of the experimental manipulation on the relationship between the dependent variables 
C)  The degree of influence individual differences in participant performance have on the relationship between the dependent variables 
D)  The level of influence group means have on the relationship between the dependent variables

Question 12

Why might you wish to run a discrimant analysis as opposed to an ANOVA following a MANOVA?

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows the investigator to examine the nature of the relationship between two variables. 
B)  To reinforce the findings of the ANOVA. 
C)  It permits the investigator to check the distribution of the data and relate it to the dependent variables. 
D)  A discriminant analysis should be used in its own right and not used to supplement a MANOVA. 
A)  It allows the investigator to examine the nature of the relationship between two variables. 
B)  To reinforce the findings of the ANOVA. 
C)  It permits the investigator to check the distribution of the data and relate it to the dependent variables. 
D)  A discriminant analysis should be used in its own right and not used to supplement a MANOVA.

Question 13

Run a discriminant analysis on the data. How much variance is accounted for by the first dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  100% 
B)  75% 
C)  50% 
D)  25% 
A)  100% 
B)  75% 
C)  50% 
D)  25%

Question 14

Why might you wish to avoid using multiple ANOVAs to examine different outcome variables? (You may select more than one option.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased likelihood of making Type I error 
B)  Increased likelihood of making Type II error 
C)  Relationship between the outcome variables is ignored 
D)  Groups that differ along only one dimension 
A)  Increased likelihood of making Type I error 
B)  Increased likelihood of making Type II error 
C)  Relationship between the outcome variables is ignored 
D)  Groups that differ along only one dimension

Question 15

Examine the data below on state and trait sport confidence inventory (Vealey, 1986). How many dependent variables are being measured?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5

Question 16

Cross-product calculations are used to perform the MANOVA analysis, but what is the ANOVA equivalent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sum of squares 
B)  Levene's test 
C)  Crosstabulation 
D)  Root mean squared 
A)  Sum of squares 
B)  Levene's test 
C)  Crosstabulation 
D)  Root mean squared

Question 17

What does the result from Q20 tell us?

Accepted Answer

A)  An athlete's level of competition has a significant effect on state and trait anxiety. 
B)  The elite athletes differed from the sub-elite athletes on trait anxiety. 
C)  The elite athletes differed from the county athletes on state anxiety. 
D)  The sub-elite athletes differed from the sub-elite athletes on trait and state anxiety. 
A)  An athlete's level of competition has a significant effect on state and trait anxiety. 
B)  The elite athletes differed from the sub-elite athletes on trait anxiety. 
C)  The elite athletes differed from the county athletes on state anxiety. 
D)  The sub-elite athletes differed from the sub-elite athletes on trait and state anxiety.

Question 18

What can be ascertained from the following Box test results?

Accepted Answer

A)  A significant result which suggests that the assumption of homogeneity has been violated. 
B)  A significant result which suggests that the assumption of homogeneity has not been violated. 
C)  A non-significant result which suggests that the assumption of homogeneity has been violated. 
D)  A non-significant result which suggests that the assumption of homogeneity has not been violated. 
A)  A significant result which suggests that the assumption of homogeneity has been violated. 
B)  A significant result which suggests that the assumption of homogeneity has not been violated. 
C)  A non-significant result which suggests that the assumption of homogeneity has been violated. 
D)  A non-significant result which suggests that the assumption of homogeneity has not been violated.

Question 19

Examine the following table. Which of the following statements best describes the data presented?

Accepted Answer

A)  State anxiety differed significantly between levels of competition, but trait anxiety did not. 
B)  Trait anxiety differed significantly between levels of competition, but state anxiety did not. 
C)  Both state and trait anxiety differed significantly between levels of competition. 
D)  Neither state and trait anxiety differed significantly between levels of competition. 
A)  State anxiety differed significantly between levels of competition, but trait anxiety did not. 
B)  Trait anxiety differed significantly between levels of competition, but state anxiety did not. 
C)  Both state and trait anxiety differed significantly between levels of competition. 
D)  Neither state and trait anxiety differed significantly between levels of competition.

Question 20

How many independent variables are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Exam 17: Multivariate Analysis of Variance Manova

How many levels are there to the independent variable?

Which of the following characteristics are associated with a MANOVA? (You may select more than one option.)

If test assumptions are violated, which non-parametric test should be performed?

Analyse the anxiety data in elite, sub-elite and county kayakers (see Q5). Calculate the CPM based on the data provided below.

Which of the following descriptions best reflects the results from the MANOVA?

Analyse the data using a MANOVA and a simple contrast. What was the corresponding significance value between elite and sub-elite athletes?

What factors are most likely to strengthen the power of a MANOVA? (You may select more than one option.)

If multiple ANOVAs are used to follow up on a significant MANOVA result, what should be applied to the calculation to protect against Type I error?

Which of the following is not an assumption of MANOVA?

Calculate the CPR value based on the value above and assuming that the CPT value equals 1630.27.

Which of the following is the most appropriate explanation of the total cross-product (CPM)?

Why might you wish to run a discrimant analysis as opposed to an ANOVA following a MANOVA?

Run a discriminant analysis on the data. How much variance is accounted for by the first dependent variable?

Why might you wish to avoid using multiple ANOVAs to examine different outcome variables? (You may select more than one option.)

Examine the data below on state and trait sport confidence inventory (Vealey, 1986). How many dependent variables are being measured?

Cross-product calculations are used to perform the MANOVA analysis, but what is the ANOVA equivalent?

What does the result from Q20 tell us?

What can be ascertained from the following Box test results?

Examine the following table. Which of the following statements best describes the data presented?

How many independent variables are there?

Why Is My Evil Lecturer Forcing Me to Learn Statistics

The Spine of Statistics

The Phoenix of Statistics

The Ibm Spss Statistics Environment

Exploring Data With Graphs

The Beast of Bias

Non-Parametric Models

Correlation

The Linear Model Regression

Comparing Two Means

Moderation, Mediation and Multicategory Predictors

Glm 1: Comparing Several Independent Means

Glm 2: Comparing Means Adjusted for Other Predictors Analysis of Covariance

Glm 3: Factorial Designs

Glm 4: Repeated-Measures Designs

Glm 5: Mixed Designs

Exploratory Factor Analysis

Categorical Outcomes: Chi-Square and Loglinear Analysis

Categorical Outcomes: Logistic Regression

Multilevel Linear Models

Filters

Analyse the anxiety data in elite, sub-elite and county kayakers (see Q5). Calculate the CP_M based on the data provided below.

Calculate the CP_R value based on the value above and assuming that the CP_T value equals 1630.27.

Which of the following is the most appropriate explanation of the total cross-product (CP_M)?