Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a cause of genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  inbreeding depression 
B)  declining population sizes 
C)  bottleneck effect 
D)  mutation 
A)  inbreeding depression 
B)  declining population sizes 
C)  bottleneck effect 
D)  mutation D

Question 2

The collapse of the Atlantic cod fishery in the early 1990s was the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  pollution. 
B)  climate change. 
C)  introduced species. 
D)  overharvesting. 
A)  pollution. 
B)  climate change. 
C)  introduced species. 
D)  overharvesting. D

Question 3

A minimum viable population is the _____ population of a species that can _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  smallest; persist in the face of environmental variation. 
B)  ideal; persist in increasing global temperatures. 
C)  smallest; maintain genetic variability. 
D)  ideal; return a population from threatened status. 
A)  smallest; persist in the face of environmental variation. 
B)  ideal; persist in increasing global temperatures. 
C)  smallest; maintain genetic variability. 
D)  ideal; return a population from threatened status. A

Question 4

What is NOT an example of a regulating service?

Accepted Answer

A)  climate regulation 
B)  nutrient cycling 
C)  flood control 
D)  water purification 
A)  climate regulation 
B)  nutrient cycling 
C)  flood control 
D)  water purification

Question 5

The period of the last _____ may be a sixth mass extinction.

Accepted Answer

A)  100 000 years 
B)  10 million years 
C)  1000 years 
D)  10 000 years 
A)  100 000 years 
B)  10 million years 
C)  1000 years 
D)  10 000 years

Question 6

The IUCN defines the term extinct as pertaining to a species that was alive in the wild in the

Accepted Answer

A)  past but no individuals remain alive today. 
B)  year 1000 but no individuals remain alive today. 
C)  year 1500 but no individuals remain alive today. 
D)  year 1900 but no individuals remain alive today. 
A)  past but no individuals remain alive today. 
B)  year 1000 but no individuals remain alive today. 
C)  year 1500 but no individuals remain alive today. 
D)  year 1900 but no individuals remain alive today.

Question 7

habitat loss
Level: easy
The largest cause of declining biodiversity is

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat loss. 
B)  overharvesting. 
C)  introduced species. 
D)  global climate change. 
A)  habitat loss. 
B)  overharvesting. 
C)  introduced species. 
D)  global climate change.

Question 8

The northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) was saved from extinction by

Accepted Answer

A)  captive breeding. 
B)  species reintroduction. 
C)  habitat protection. 
D)  reduced harvesting. 
A)  captive breeding. 
B)  species reintroduction. 
C)  habitat protection. 
D)  reduced harvesting.

Question 9

Scientists hypothesize that losses of large mammals between 11 500 and 500 years ago were caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  humans. 
B)  climate change. 
C)  pollution. 
D)  invasive species. 
A)  humans. 
B)  climate change. 
C)  pollution. 
D)  invasive species.

Question 10

Why are regulating services considered instrumental values? Give examples.

Accepted Answer

Regulating services are benefits of biod

Question 11

Methylmercury is an organic mercury compound that is a waste product of industrial processes and also results from the burning of fossil fuels. Methylmercury has been shown to increase up food chains by biomagnification. Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) can have tissue concentrations of methylmercury of 0.69 ppm (parts per million). Assuming a food web that starts with phytoplankton (0.00069 ppm) and a 10-fold biomagnification from each level in the food chain to the next level, calculate the concentration of methylmercury at each level in the food chain. How many levels are there in the food chain, including the phytoplankton and the tuna?

Accepted Answer

Phytoplankton are assumed to be the firs

Question 12

The California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) reintroduction was very successful in increasing natural populations of condors. In addition to reintroduction, what strategies were used to conserve this species?

Accepted Answer

Prior to reintroduction of condors, all

Question 13

The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park has had effects beyond the conservation of wolves. What are other benefits of the reintroduction?

Accepted Answer

Reintroduction of wolves had cascading e

Question 14

Declines in genetic diversity can

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the probability that a population will survive changing environmental conditions. 
B)  reduce the probability that a population will survive changing environmental conditions. 
C)  decrease the probability of speciation. 
D)  increase the rate of evolution. 
A)  increase the probability that a population will survive changing environmental conditions. 
B)  reduce the probability that a population will survive changing environmental conditions. 
C)  decrease the probability of speciation. 
D)  increase the rate of evolution.

Question 15

The cancer drug Taxol, which originally came from the Pacific yew tree (Taxus brevifolia), is an example of a _____ service.

Accepted Answer

A)  provisioning 
B)  cultural 
C)  supporting 
D)  regulating 
A)  provisioning 
B)  cultural 
C)  supporting 
D)  regulating

Question 16

You measure 1000 mg of the pesticide DDT in the soil, and 30 days later the amount in the soil is 998.1 mg. What is the half-life (in years) of DDT in this soil?

Accepted Answer

Conservation efforts

Question 17

The most recent mass extinction event occurred

Accepted Answer

A)  65 million years ago. 
B)  200 million years ago. 
C)  35 million years ago. 
D)  450 million years ago. 
A)  65 million years ago. 
B)  200 million years ago. 
C)  35 million years ago. 
D)  450 million years ago.

Question 18

How many total species have been named?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.3 million 
B)  1.3 million 
C)  13 million 
D)  3.5 million 
A)  2.3 million 
B)  1.3 million 
C)  13 million 
D)  3.5 million

Question 19

The mass extinction that occurred 443 million years ago was caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  global warming. 
B)  an asteroid. 
C)  volcanism. 
D)  an ice age. 
A)  global warming. 
B)  an asteroid. 
C)  volcanism. 
D)  an ice age.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a category of instrumental values?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural 
B)  regulating 
C)  consumer 
D)  supporting 
A)  cultural 
B)  regulating 
C)  consumer 
D)  supporting

Exam 23: Global Conservation of Biodiversity

Which of the following is NOT a cause of genetic diversity?

The collapse of the Atlantic cod fishery in the early 1990s was the result of

A minimum viable population is the _____ population of a species that can _____.

What is NOT an example of a regulating service?

The period of the last _____ may be a sixth mass extinction.

The IUCN defines the term extinct as pertaining to a species that was alive in the wild in the

habitat loss Level: easy The largest cause of declining biodiversity is

The northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) was saved from extinction by

Scientists hypothesize that losses of large mammals between 11 500 and 500 years ago were caused by

Why are regulating services considered instrumental values? Give examples.

The California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) reintroduction was very successful in increasing natural populations of condors. In addition to reintroduction, what strategies were used to conserve this species?

The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park has had effects beyond the conservation of wolves. What are other benefits of the reintroduction?

Declines in genetic diversity can

The cancer drug Taxol, which originally came from the Pacific yew tree (Taxus brevifolia), is an example of a _____ service.

You measure 1000 mg of the pesticide DDT in the soil, and 30 days later the amount in the soil is 998.1 mg. What is the half-life (in years) of DDT in this soil?

The most recent mass extinction event occurred

How many total species have been named?

The mass extinction that occurred 443 million years ago was caused by

Which of the following is NOT a category of instrumental values?

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Climates and Soils

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Reproductive Strategies

Social Behaviours

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Community Structure

Community Succession

Movement of Energy in Ecosystems

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology, Biogeography, and Global Biodiversity

Filters

A minimum viable population is the _ population of a species that can _.