Question 1

The maximum amount of water vapour air can hold is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  saturation point. 
B)  latent heat capacity. 
C)  dew point. 
D)  absolute humidity. 
E)  condensate retention. 
A)  saturation point. 
B)  latent heat capacity. 
C)  dew point. 
D)  absolute humidity. 
E)  condensate retention. A

Question 2

How much solar radiation is reflected by the Earth's atmosphere and surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  24 percent 
B)  33 percent 
C)  45 percent 
D)  60 percent 
A)  24 percent 
B)  33 percent 
C)  45 percent 
D)  60 percent B

Question 3

-A regression equation for algae biomass (micrograms per litre) depending on the amount of phosphorus (micrograms per litre) is determined to be y = 1.5x − 2. What is the biomass if there is 14 μg/L of phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A)  18 μg/L 
B)  19 μg/L 
C)  23 μg/L 
D)  11 μg/L 
A)  18 μg/L 
B)  19 μg/L 
C)  23 μg/L 
D)  11 μg/L B

Question 4

In areas with significant leaching, which soil horizon would be largest?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  E 
D)  O 
E)  R 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  E 
D)  O 
E)  R

Question 5

Rain shadows occur

Accepted Answer

A)  on the downwind side of mountains. 
B)  in areas without significant convection currents. 
C)  along coasts with cold air. 
D)  between deserts and coastal areas. 
A)  on the downwind side of mountains. 
B)  in areas without significant convection currents. 
C)  along coasts with cold air. 
D)  between deserts and coastal areas.

Question 6

Explain how an increased angle of the Earth's tilt would affect the variation in the heating of the Earth.

Accepted Answer

An increased angle would cause the solar

Question 7

Zoologists from Peru and Chile have been examining climate records from the coastal deserts of their countries. These deserts are the driest on Earth, yet they lie within the southward reach of the intertropical convergence during the Southern Hemisphere summer. Explain this curious phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

Two factors contribute to extreme drynes

Question 8

Which of the following is an effect of an El Niño-Southern Oscillation?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased precipitation and productivity in Australia and Africa 
B)  disruption of fisheries off the coast of California 
C)  increased upwelling along the western coast of South America 
D)  drought in the southern United States and Mexico 
A)  increased precipitation and productivity in Australia and Africa 
B)  disruption of fisheries off the coast of California 
C)  increased upwelling along the western coast of South America 
D)  drought in the southern United States and Mexico

Question 9

Explain how a decrease in atmospheric temperature can cause rain.

Accepted Answer

Since the capacity of air to hold water

Question 10

In the area between convection cells the prevailing wind direction is primarily

Accepted Answer

A)  north to south. 
B)  east to west. 
C)  west to east. 
D)  no prevailing wind direction. 
A)  north to south. 
B)  east to west. 
C)  west to east. 
D)  no prevailing wind direction.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  methane 
B)  ozone 
C)  carbon monoxide 
D)  nitrous oxide 
E)  chlorofluorocarbons 
A)  methane 
B)  ozone 
C)  carbon monoxide 
D)  nitrous oxide 
E)  chlorofluorocarbons

Question 12

The Coriolis effect causes what in surface winds?

Accepted Answer

A)  wind deflection to the east near the equator 
B)  wind deflection to the right in the Northern Hemisphere 
C)  wind deflection to the west in the Southern Hemisphere 
D)  polar wind deflection to the left 
A)  wind deflection to the east near the equator 
B)  wind deflection to the right in the Northern Hemisphere 
C)  wind deflection to the west in the Southern Hemisphere 
D)  polar wind deflection to the left

Question 13

Which of the following does NOT drive ocean currents?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Coriolis effect 
B)  gravity 
C)  temperature differences 
D)  continental water sources 
E)  salinity 
A)  the Coriolis effect 
B)  gravity 
C)  temperature differences 
D)  continental water sources 
E)  salinity

Question 14

Explain why dry climates are commonly found around 30ºS and 30ºN latitudes.

Accepted Answer

This is where the cool, dry air from Had

Question 15

Gyres in the Southern Hemisphere rotate _____ and in the Northern Hemisphere rotate _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  clockwise; counterclockwise 
B)  clockwise; clockwise 
C)  counterclockwise; clockwise 
D)  counterclockwise; counterclockwise 
A)  clockwise; counterclockwise 
B)  clockwise; clockwise 
C)  counterclockwise; clockwise 
D)  counterclockwise; counterclockwise

Question 16

Which of the following changes will increase climate warming?

Accepted Answer

A)  melting of glaciers and ice caps 
B)  increased intensity of storms and hurricanes 
C)  changes in oceanic circulation 
D)  increased precipitation 
A)  melting of glaciers and ice caps 
B)  increased intensity of storms and hurricanes 
C)  changes in oceanic circulation 
D)  increased precipitation

Question 17

Explain why western Europe is much warmer than the same latitudes in eastern Europe.

Accepted Answer

Western Europe has generally warmer temp

Question 18

Podsolization most likely to occur in

Accepted Answer

A)  cold climates where acid soils form under needle-leaved trees. 
B)  cold climates where neutral soils form under broad-leaved trees. 
C)  tropical climates where acid soils form under needle-leaved trees. 
D)  tropical climates where neutral soils form under broad-leaved trees. 
A)  cold climates where acid soils form under needle-leaved trees. 
B)  cold climates where neutral soils form under broad-leaved trees. 
C)  tropical climates where acid soils form under needle-leaved trees. 
D)  tropical climates where neutral soils form under broad-leaved trees.

Question 19

What is the cause of the high climatic variability in the Northern Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  Significant mountain ranges interrupt convection currents. 
B)  More human activities affect the climate. 
C)  Water surface area is small. 
D)  More oceanic currents carry cold water from the poles. 
A)  Significant mountain ranges interrupt convection currents. 
B)  More human activities affect the climate. 
C)  Water surface area is small. 
D)  More oceanic currents carry cold water from the poles.

Question 20

Why might Earth's temperature continue to increase for a time even if all emission of greenhouse gasses ceased?

Accepted Answer

Because of the long lifetime of many gre

Exam 5: Climates and Soils

The maximum amount of water vapour air can hold is called the

How much solar radiation is reflected by the Earth's atmosphere and surface?

-A regression equation for algae biomass (micrograms per litre) depending on the amount of phosphorus (micrograms per litre) is determined to be y = 1.5x − 2. What is the biomass if there is 14 μg/L of phosphorus?

In areas with significant leaching, which soil horizon would be largest?

Rain shadows occur

Explain how an increased angle of the Earth's tilt would affect the variation in the heating of the Earth.

Zoologists from Peru and Chile have been examining climate records from the coastal deserts of their countries. These deserts are the driest on Earth, yet they lie within the southward reach of the intertropical convergence during the Southern Hemisphere summer. Explain this curious phenomenon.

Which of the following is an effect of an El Niño-Southern Oscillation?

Explain how a decrease in atmospheric temperature can cause rain.

In the area between convection cells the prevailing wind direction is primarily

Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

The Coriolis effect causes what in surface winds?

Which of the following does NOT drive ocean currents?

Explain why dry climates are commonly found around 30ºS and 30ºN latitudes.

Gyres in the Southern Hemisphere rotate _____ and in the Northern Hemisphere rotate _______.

Which of the following changes will increase climate warming?

Explain why western Europe is much warmer than the same latitudes in eastern Europe.

Podsolization most likely to occur in

What is the cause of the high climatic variability in the Northern Hemisphere?

Why might Earth's temperature continue to increase for a time even if all emission of greenhouse gasses ceased?

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Reproductive Strategies

Social Behaviours

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Community Structure

Community Succession

Movement of Energy in Ecosystems

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology, Biogeography, and Global Biodiversity

Global Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

Gyres in the Southern Hemisphere rotate _ and in the Northern Hemisphere rotate ___.