Question 1

What is the main difference between promiscuity and polygamy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polygamy entails the establishment of a long-term social bond, whereas promiscuity does not. 
B)  Promiscuity entails the establishment of a long-term social bond, whereas polygamy does not. 
C)  Polygamy always involves one male with multiple females, whereas promiscuity can involve one female with multiple males. 
D)  Promiscuity and polygamy are the same mating system. 
A)  Polygamy entails the establishment of a long-term social bond, whereas promiscuity does not. 
B)  Promiscuity entails the establishment of a long-term social bond, whereas polygamy does not. 
C)  Polygamy always involves one male with multiple females, whereas promiscuity can involve one female with multiple males. 
D)  Promiscuity and polygamy are the same mating system. A

Question 2

Plant species with separate male and female flowers on the same individual are called ???_____, and plant species with only male or female flowers on an individual are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  dioecious; monoecious 
B)  monoecious; dioecious 
C)  hermaphrodites; perfect 
D)  simultaneous hermaphrodites; sequential hermaphrodites 
A)  dioecious; monoecious 
B)  monoecious; dioecious 
C)  hermaphrodites; perfect 
D)  simultaneous hermaphrodites; sequential hermaphrodites B

Question 3

Scientists have demonstrated that as herbivory on orange jewelweed (Impatiens capensis) flowers increases, the proportion of selfing to outcrossing flowers increases. This occurs because

Accepted Answer

A)  herbivores prefer the nectar of outcrossing flowers because of their increased sugar content. 
B)  the plant requires rapid reproduction to compensate for biomass loss due to herbivory. 
C)  selfing flowers contain more phenolics and tannins that herbivores avoid. 
D)  the loss of resources due to herbivory causes plants to make less expensive selfing flowers. 
A)  herbivores prefer the nectar of outcrossing flowers because of their increased sugar content. 
B)  the plant requires rapid reproduction to compensate for biomass loss due to herbivory. 
C)  selfing flowers contain more phenolics and tannins that herbivores avoid. 
D)  the loss of resources due to herbivory causes plants to make less expensive selfing flowers. D

Question 4

Which organisms are most likely to form monogamous relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)  mammals 
B)  birds 
C)  insects 
D)  reptiles 
A)  mammals 
B)  birds 
C)  insects 
D)  reptiles

Question 5

Lions have been hunting gazelles in the savannahs of Africa for hundreds of thousands of years. Over time both gazelles and lions have incrementally increased their speed. What might be occurring? What hypothesis could explain this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

As lions and gazelles have evolved toget

Question 6

Which of the following traits would NOT be considered a material benefit?

Accepted Answer

A)  quality nesting site 
B)  ability to defend territory 
C)  long tail feathers 
D)  territory with abundant food 
A)  quality nesting site 
B)  ability to defend territory 
C)  long tail feathers 
D)  territory with abundant food

Question 7

In sexual reproduction, meiosis produces _____ cells from one parent that join with _____ cells from the other parent to form a _____ zygote.

Accepted Answer

A)  haploid; diploid; diploid 
B)  haploid; haploid; diploid 
C)  diploid; diploid; haploid 
D)  haploid; diploid; haploid 
E)  diploid; diploid; diploid 
A)  haploid; diploid; diploid 
B)  haploid; haploid; diploid 
C)  diploid; diploid; haploid 
D)  haploid; diploid; haploid 
E)  diploid; diploid; diploid

Question 8

Mate guarding is selected for as a result of extra-pair copulation in

Accepted Answer

A)  polygyny. 
B)  polyandry. 
C)  polygamy. 
D)  monogamy. 
A)  polygyny. 
B)  polyandry. 
C)  polygamy. 
D)  monogamy.

Question 9

Which of these terms describes a general mating system in which individuals mate with multiple partners without a lasting social bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  polyandry 
B)  promiscuity 
C)  polygamy 
D)  polygyny 
E)  monogamy 
A)  polyandry 
B)  promiscuity 
C)  polygamy 
D)  polygyny 
E)  monogamy

Question 10

Which mating system do honeybees employ?

Accepted Answer

A)  monogamy 
B)  polygyny 
C)  promiscuity 
D)  polyandry 
A)  monogamy 
B)  polygyny 
C)  promiscuity 
D)  polyandry

Question 11

An organism starts out its life as female but later changes into a male. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  sequential hermaphrodism. 
B)  simultaneous hermaphrodism. 
C)  monoecism. 
D)  dioecism. 
A)  sequential hermaphrodism. 
B)  simultaneous hermaphrodism. 
C)  monoecism. 
D)  dioecism.

Question 12

Which partner in a monogamous relationship might participate in extra-pair copulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  paired females 
B)  paired males 
C)  paired males and paired females 
D)  unpaired males and females 
A)  paired females 
B)  paired males 
C)  paired males and paired females 
D)  unpaired males and females

Question 13

Parthenogenesis occurs when offspring are produced

Accepted Answer

A)  from a parent's gonad tissue. 
B)  by a cell dividing into two identical cells. 
C)  from an unfertilized embryo. 
D)  from a parent's nonsexual tissue. 
E)  clonally. 
A)  from a parent's gonad tissue. 
B)  by a cell dividing into two identical cells. 
C)  from an unfertilized embryo. 
D)  from a parent's nonsexual tissue. 
E)  clonally.

Question 14

What is the main difference between polygyny and polyandry?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are forms of polygamy; polygyny occurs when one male mates with multiple females, and polyandry occurs when one female mates with multiple males. 
B)  Both are forms of polygamy; polygyny occurs when one male mates with multiple females, and polyandry occurs when one female mates with multiple males.. 
C)  Polyandry involves the establishment of long-term social bond, whereas polygany does not. 
D)  Polygany always involves one male with multiple females, whereas polyandry can involve one female with multiple males., 
E)  Polyandry and polygany are the same mating system. 
A)  Both are forms of polygamy; polygyny occurs when one male mates with multiple females, and polyandry occurs when one female mates with multiple males. 
B)  Both are forms of polygamy; polygyny occurs when one male mates with multiple females, and polyandry occurs when one female mates with multiple males.. 
C)  Polyandry involves the establishment of long-term social bond, whereas polygany does not. 
D)  Polygany always involves one male with multiple females, whereas polyandry can involve one female with multiple males., 
E)  Polyandry and polygany are the same mating system.

Question 15

Clones are offspring produced _____ and have the same _____ as the parent.

Accepted Answer

A)  sexually; phenotype 
B)  sexually; genotype 
C)  asexually; phenotype 
D)  asexually; genotype 
A)  sexually; phenotype 
B)  sexually; genotype 
C)  asexually; phenotype 
D)  asexually; genotype

Question 16

Reproduction in which offspring receive genetic material from two parents is called

Accepted Answer

A)  asexual reproduction. 
B)  parthenogenesis. 
C)  vegetative reproduction. 
D)  sexual reproduction. 
E)  binary fission. 
A)  asexual reproduction. 
B)  parthenogenesis. 
C)  vegetative reproduction. 
D)  sexual reproduction. 
E)  binary fission.

Question 17

Natural selection favouring the rarer sex in a population leads to evolution of sex ratios. This process is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  environmental sex determination. 
B)  frequency-dependent selection. 
C)  genetic sex determination. 
D)  frequency-independent selection. 
A)  environmental sex determination. 
B)  frequency-dependent selection. 
C)  genetic sex determination. 
D)  frequency-independent selection.

Question 18

Scientists have confirmed a rare case of a virgin female hammerhead shark giving birth to offspring that were genetically identical to the mother. What process accounts for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  binary fission 
B)  clonal reproduction 
C)  vegetative reproduction 
D)  parthenogenesis 
A)  binary fission 
B)  clonal reproduction 
C)  vegetative reproduction 
D)  parthenogenesis

Question 19

Topics: Reproduction can be sexual or asexual. Organisms can evolve as separate sexes or as hermaphrodites.
Over many decades, how might the presence of pathogens influence the proportion of individuals in a plant population that reproduce by self-fertilization versus the proportion that reproduce by outcrossing? Why would pathogens cause this outcome?

Accepted Answer

In the presence of pathogens, plants tha

Question 20

Why is monogamy more frequently seen in birds than mammals?

Accepted Answer

While males can be involved in rearing o

Exam 9: Reproductive Strategies

What is the main difference between promiscuity and polygamy?

Plant species with separate male and female flowers on the same individual are called ???_____, and plant species with only male or female flowers on an individual are called _____.

Scientists have demonstrated that as herbivory on orange jewelweed (Impatiens capensis) flowers increases, the proportion of selfing to outcrossing flowers increases. This occurs because

Which organisms are most likely to form monogamous relationships?

Lions have been hunting gazelles in the savannahs of Africa for hundreds of thousands of years. Over time both gazelles and lions have incrementally increased their speed. What might be occurring? What hypothesis could explain this phenomenon?

Which of the following traits would NOT be considered a material benefit?

In sexual reproduction, meiosis produces _____ cells from one parent that join with _____ cells from the other parent to form a _____ zygote.

Mate guarding is selected for as a result of extra-pair copulation in

Which of these terms describes a general mating system in which individuals mate with multiple partners without a lasting social bond?

Which mating system do honeybees employ?

An organism starts out its life as female but later changes into a male. This is an example of

Which partner in a monogamous relationship might participate in extra-pair copulation?

Parthenogenesis occurs when offspring are produced

What is the main difference between polygyny and polyandry?

Clones are offspring produced _____ and have the same _____ as the parent.

Reproduction in which offspring receive genetic material from two parents is called

Natural selection favouring the rarer sex in a population leads to evolution of sex ratios. This process is the result of

Scientists have confirmed a rare case of a virgin female hammerhead shark giving birth to offspring that were genetically identical to the mother. What process accounts for this phenomenon?

Why is monogamy more frequently seen in birds than mammals?

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Climates and Soils

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Social Behaviours

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Community Structure

Community Succession

Movement of Energy in Ecosystems

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology, Biogeography, and Global Biodiversity

Global Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

Plant species with separate male and female flowers on the same individual are called ???_, and plant species with only male or female flowers on an individual are called _.

In sexual reproduction, meiosis produces ___ cells from one parent that join with _ cells from the other parent to form a ___ zygote.

Clones are offspring produced _ and have the same _ as the parent.