Exam 11: Chromosome Structure

Which type of chromosome has no p arms?

You have isolated DNA for PCR and accidentally added topoisomerase instead of polymerase to your sample. What would you expect if you ran this DNA sample on a gel?

Bacterial DNA is primarily compacted by supercoiling and folding. Briefly describe each mechanism.

Eukaryotic chromosomes are a combination of proteins and DNA, which allows the cell to perform which four essential functions?

Nonhistone proteins make up the protein framework that gives the chromosomes their shape. What is this structure called?

You are attempting to isolate cells for your karyotype, and you find one cell in each of the phases (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase). Which one is best suited for a karyotype?

A virus is a noncellular infectious particle containing nucleic acid. Which type of nucleic acid listed below can be found within viruses?

There is clear evidence that chromatin state is directly related to the ability of transcriptionally active proteins to initiate gene transcription. Compare and contrast euchromatin to heterochromatin in the context of transcription.

Despite their diverse genome structures, viruses follow the central dogma of molecular biology. In order to undergo all processes within the viral replication cycle (e.g., replication, transcription, translation), what is the source that supplies all the necessary proteins and cellular machinery?

To preserve epigenetic memory in the daughter cells, the cell retains these "old" proteins during DNA replication.