Exam 1: The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution

Theodosius Dobzhansky and Ernst Mayr drew on ideas from Darwin, Fisher, Wright, Haldane, and others to demonstrate how evolution operates in real populations. These observations led to which evolutionary genetics theory?

What is the process of synthesizing single-stranded RNA from template DNA?

What are the three major types of RNA and their functions? What would happen to translation if each type of RNA were degraded?

You identify a new unicellular organism with multiple chromosomes organized by proteins within the cell's nucleus. Into which of the three domains of life might this organism fit?

Which evolutionary process describes the movement of members of a species from one population to another?

Messenger RNA codons pair with tRNA anticodons at which cell structure?

Both sugar gliders and flying squirrels have evolved characteristics that allow them to glide, despite being geographically separated. Similar traits that have independent origins arise as a result of what phenomenon?

What are the three domains of life?

Modern genetics consists of three major branches. Which of these branches, also known as "transmission genetics," involves the study of the transmission of traits and characteristics in successive generations?

DNA replication is called ________ because the newly replicated DNA consists of a parental strand (from the original DNA)and a newly synthesized daughter strand.

In retroviruses, DNA is synthesized from an RNA template using which enzyme?

What kind of bond is formed between the 5′ phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 3′ hydroxyl (OH)group of the adjacent nucleotide?

Describe what is meant by adaptive and nonadaptive evolution. Which type of evolution might be represented by the differences in the shape of finch beaks on different islands with different food sources, and which type by the presence of both attached and detached earlobes in a given population?