Question 1

The air temperature on a summer day might be about:

Accepted Answer

A)  0 $\degree$C 
B)  10 $\degree$C 
C)  25 $\degree$C 
D)  80 $\degree$C 
E)  125 $\degree$C 
A)  0 $\degree$C 
B)  10 $\degree$C 
C)  25 $\degree$C 
D)  80 $\degree$C 
E)  125 $\degree$C

Question 2

According to the first law of thermodynamics, applied to a gas, the increase in the internal energy during any process:

Accepted Answer

A)  equals the heat input minus the work done on the gas 
B)  equals the heat input plus the work done on the gas 
C)  equals the work done on the gas minus the heat input 
D)  is independent of the heat input 
E)  is independent of the work done on the gas 
A)  equals the heat input minus the work done on the gas 
B)  equals the heat input plus the work done on the gas 
C)  equals the work done on the gas minus the heat input 
D)  is independent of the heat input 
E)  is independent of the work done on the gas

Question 3

Inside a room at a uniform comfortable temperature, metallic objects generally feel cooler to the touch than wooden objects do. This is because:

Accepted Answer

A)  a given mass of wood contains more heat than the same mass of metal 
B)  metal conducts heat better than wood 
C)  heat tends to flow from metal to wood 
D)  the equilibrium temperature of metal in the room is lower than that of wood 
E)  the human body, being organic, resembles wood more closely than it resembles metal 
A)  a given mass of wood contains more heat than the same mass of metal 
B)  metal conducts heat better than wood 
C)  heat tends to flow from metal to wood 
D)  the equilibrium temperature of metal in the room is lower than that of wood 
E)  the human body, being organic, resembles wood more closely than it resembles metal

Question 4

A surveyor's 30-m steel tape is correct at 68 $\degree$F. On a hot day the tape has expanded to 30.02 m. On that day, the tape indicates a distance of 15.52 m between two points. The true distance between these points is:

Accepted Answer

A)  15.50 m 
B)  15.51 m 
C)  15.52 m 
D)  15.53 m 
E)  15.54 m 
A)  15.50 m 
B)  15.51 m 
C)  15.52 m 
D)  15.53 m 
E)  15.54 m

Question 5

For constant volume processes the heat capacity of gas A is greater than the heat capacity of gas B. We conclude that when they both absorb the same energy as heat at constant volume:

Accepted Answer

A)  the temperature of A increases more than the temperature of B 
B)  the temperature of B increases more than the temperature of A 
C)  the internal energy of A increases more than the internal energy of B 
D)  the internal energy of B increases more than the internal energy of A 
E)  A does more positive work than B 
A)  the temperature of A increases more than the temperature of B 
B)  the temperature of B increases more than the temperature of A 
C)  the internal energy of A increases more than the internal energy of B 
D)  the internal energy of B increases more than the internal energy of A 
E)  A does more positive work than B

Question 6

A heat of transformation of a substance is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the energy absorbed as heat during a phase transformation 
B)  the energy per unit mass absorbed as heat during a phase transformation 
C)  the same as the heat capacity 
D)  the same as the specific heat 
E)  the same as the molar specific heat 
A)  the energy absorbed as heat during a phase transformation 
B)  the energy per unit mass absorbed as heat during a phase transformation 
C)  the same as the heat capacity 
D)  the same as the specific heat 
E)  the same as the molar specific heat

Question 7

A calorie is about:

Accepted Answer

A)  0.24 J 
B)  8.3 J 
C)  250 J 
D)  4.2 J 
E)  4200 J 
A)  0.24 J 
B)  8.3 J 
C)  250 J 
D)  4.2 J 
E)  4200 J

Question 8

Of the following which might NOT be zero over one cycle of a cyclic process?

Accepted Answer

A)  the work done by the substance minus the energy absorbed by the substance as heat 
B)  the change in the pressure of the substance 
C)  the energy absorbed by the substance as heat 
D)  the change in the volume of the substance 
E)  the change in the temperature of the substance 
A)  the work done by the substance minus the energy absorbed by the substance as heat 
B)  the change in the pressure of the substance 
C)  the energy absorbed by the substance as heat 
D)  the change in the volume of the substance 
E)  the change in the temperature of the substance

Question 9

The rate of heat flow through a slab is Pcond. If the slab thickness is doubled, its cross-sectional area is halved, and the temperature difference across it is doubled, then the rate of heat flow becomes:

Accepted Answer

A)  2Pcond 
B)  Pcond/2 
C)  Pcond 
D)  Pcond/8 
E)  8Pcond 
A)  2Pcond 
B)  Pcond/2 
C)  Pcond 
D)  Pcond/8 
E)  8Pcond

Question 10

Object A, with heat capacity CA and initially at temperature TA, is placed in thermal contact with object B, with heat capacity CB and initially at temperature TB. The combination is thermally isolated. If the heat capacities are independent of the temperature and no phase changes occur, the final temperature of both objects is:

Accepted Answer

A)  (CATA - CBT
B) /(CA + C
B)  
B)  (CATA + CBT
B) /(CA + C
B)  
C)  (CATA - CBT
B) /(CA - C
B)  
D)  (CA - C
B) $\mid$TA - TB$\mid$ 
E)  (CA + C
B) $\mid$TA - TB$\mid$ 
A)  (CATA - CBT
B) /(CA + C
B)  
B)  (CATA + CBT
B) /(CA + C
B)  
C)  (CATA - CBT
B) /(CA - C
B)  
D)  (CA - C
B) $\mid$TA - TB$\mid$ 
E)  (CA + C
B) $\mid$TA - TB$\mid$

Question 11

The same energy Q enters five different substances as heat. Which of these has the greatest specific heat?

Accepted Answer

A)  The temperature of 3 g of substance A increases by 10 K 
B)  The temperature of 4 g of substance B increases by 4 K 
C)  The temperature of 6 g of substance C increases by 15 K 
D)  The temperature of 8 g of substance D increases by 5 K 
E)  The temperature of 10 g of substance E increases by 10 K 
A)  The temperature of 3 g of substance A increases by 10 K 
B)  The temperature of 4 g of substance B increases by 4 K 
C)  The temperature of 6 g of substance C increases by 15 K 
D)  The temperature of 8 g of substance D increases by 5 K 
E)  The temperature of 10 g of substance E increases by 10 K

Question 12

A certain humidifier operates by raising water to the boiling point and then evaporating it. Every minute 30 g of water at 20  $\degree$C are added to replace the 30 g that are evaporated. The heat of fusion of water is 333 kJ/kg, the heat of vaporization is 2256 kJ/kg, and the specific heat is 4190 J/kg .KHow many joules of energy per minute does this humidifier require?

Accepted Answer

A)  4800 J/min 
B)  18,600 J/min 
C)  24,600 J/min 
D)  77,700 J/min 
E)  10,100,000 J/min 
A)  4800 J/min 
B)  18,600 J/min 
C)  24,600 J/min 
D)  77,700 J/min 
E)  10,100,000 J/min

Question 13

Suppose object C is in thermal equilibrium with object A and with object B. The zeroth law of thermodynamics states:

Accepted Answer

A)  that C will always be in thermal equilibrium with both A and B 
B)  that C must transfer energy to both A and B 
C)  that A is in thermal equilibrium with B 
D)  that A cannot be in thermal equilibrium with B 
E)  nothing about the relationship between A and B 
A)  that C will always be in thermal equilibrium with both A and B 
B)  that C must transfer energy to both A and B 
C)  that A is in thermal equilibrium with B 
D)  that A cannot be in thermal equilibrium with B 
E)  nothing about the relationship between A and B

Question 14

In a certain process a gas ends in its original thermodynamic state. Of the following, which is possible as the net result of the process?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is adiabatic and the gas does 50 J of work 
B)  The gas does no work but absorbs 50 J of energy as heat 
C)  The gas does no work but rejects 50 J of energy as heat 
D)  The gas rejects 50 J of heat and does 50 J of work 
E)  The gas absorbs 50 J of energy as heat and does 50 J of work 
A)  It is adiabatic and the gas does 50 J of work 
B)  The gas does no work but absorbs 50 J of energy as heat 
C)  The gas does no work but rejects 50 J of energy as heat 
D)  The gas rejects 50 J of heat and does 50 J of work 
E)  The gas absorbs 50 J of energy as heat and does 50 J of work

Question 15

An insulated container, filled with water, contains a thermometer and a paddle wheel. The paddle wheel can be rotated by an external source. This apparatus can be used to determine:

Accepted Answer

A)  specific heat of water 
B)  relation between kinetic energy and absolute temperature 
C)  thermal conductivity of water 
D)  efficiency of changing work into heat 
E)  mechanical equivalent of heat 
A)  specific heat of water 
B)  relation between kinetic energy and absolute temperature 
C)  thermal conductivity of water 
D)  efficiency of changing work into heat 
E)  mechanical equivalent of heat

Question 16

A thermometer indicates 98.6 $\degree$C. It may be:

Accepted Answer

A)  outdoors on a cold day 
B)  in a comfortable room 
C)  in a cup of hot tea 
D)  in a normal person's mouth 
E)  in liquid air 
A)  outdoors on a cold day 
B)  in a comfortable room 
C)  in a cup of hot tea 
D)  in a normal person's mouth 
E)  in liquid air

Question 17

An annular ring of aluminum is cut from an aluminum sheet as shown. When this ring is heated:

Accepted Answer

A)  the aluminum expands outward and the hole remains the same in size 
B)  the hole decreases in diameter 
C)  the area of the hole expands the same percent as any area of the aluminum 
D)  the area of the hole expands a greater percent than any area of the aluminum 
E)  linear expansion forces the shape of the hole to be slightly elliptical 
A)  the aluminum expands outward and the hole remains the same in size 
B)  the hole decreases in diameter 
C)  the area of the hole expands the same percent as any area of the aluminum 
D)  the area of the hole expands a greater percent than any area of the aluminum 
E)  linear expansion forces the shape of the hole to be slightly elliptical

Question 18

Heat has the same units as:

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature 
B)  work 
C)  energy/time 
D)  heat capacity 
E)  energy/volume 
A)  temperature 
B)  work 
C)  energy/time 
D)  heat capacity 
E)  energy/volume

Question 19

On a very cold day, a child puts his tongue against a fence post. It is much more likely that his tongue will stick to a steel post than to a wooden post. This is because:

Accepted Answer

A)  steel has a higher specific heat 
B)  steel is a better radiator of heat 
C)  steel has a higher specific gravity 
D)  steel is a better heat conductor 
E)  steel is a highly magnetic material 
A)  steel has a higher specific heat 
B)  steel is a better radiator of heat 
C)  steel has a higher specific gravity 
D)  steel is a better heat conductor 
E)  steel is a highly magnetic material

Question 20

A constant-volume gas thermometer is used to measure the temperature of an object. When the thermometer is in contact with water at its triple point (273 K) the pressure in the thermometer is 8.50 * 104 Pa. When it is in contact with the object the pressure is 9.65 *104 Pa. The temperature of the object is:

Accepted Answer

A)  41.0 K 
B)  114 K 
C)  241 K 
D)  310 K 
E)  314 K 
A)  41.0 K 
B)  114 K 
C)  241 K 
D)  310 K 
E)  314 K

Exam 18: Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics

The air temperature on a summer day might be about:

According to the first law of thermodynamics, applied to a gas, the increase in the internal energy during any process:

Inside a room at a uniform comfortable temperature, metallic objects generally feel cooler to the touch than wooden objects do. This is because:

A surveyor's 30-m steel tape is correct at 68 °\degree° F. On a hot day the tape has expanded to 30.02 m. On that day, the tape indicates a distance of 15.52 m between two points. The true distance between these points is:

For constant volume processes the heat capacity of gas A is greater than the heat capacity of gas B. We conclude that when they both absorb the same energy as heat at constant volume:

A heat of transformation of a substance is:

A calorie is about:

Of the following which might NOT be zero over one cycle of a cyclic process?

The rate of heat flow through a slab is Pcond. If the slab thickness is doubled, its cross-sectional area is halved, and the temperature difference across it is doubled, then the rate of heat flow becomes:

The same energy Q enters five different substances as heat. Which of these has the greatest specific heat?

Suppose object C is in thermal equilibrium with object A and with object B. The zeroth law of thermodynamics states:

In a certain process a gas ends in its original thermodynamic state. Of the following, which is possible as the net result of the process?

An insulated container, filled with water, contains a thermometer and a paddle wheel. The paddle wheel can be rotated by an external source. This apparatus can be used to determine:

A thermometer indicates 98.6 °\degree° C. It may be:

An annular ring of aluminum is cut from an aluminum sheet as shown. When this ring is heated:

Heat has the same units as:

On a very cold day, a child puts his tongue against a fence post. It is much more likely that his tongue will stick to a steel post than to a wooden post. This is because:

Measurement

Motion Along a Straight Line

Vector

Motion in Two and Three Dimensions

Force and Motion I

Force and Motion II

Kinetic Energy and Work

Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy

Center of Mass and Linear Momentum

Rotation

Rolling, Torque, and Angular Momentum

Equilibrium and Elasticity

Gravitation

Fluids

Oscillations

Waves I

Waves II

The Kinetic Theory of Gases

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

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Electric Fields

Gauss Law

Electric Potential

Capacitance

Current and Resistance

Circuits

Magnetic Fields

Magnetic Fields Due to Currents

Induction and Inductance

Electromagnetic Oscillations and Alternating Current

Maxwells Equations; Magnetism of Matter

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More About Matter Waves

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Conduction of Electricity in Solids

Nuclear Physics

Energy From the Nucleus

Quarks, Leptons, and the Big Bang

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A surveyor's 30-m steel tape is correct at 68 $\degree$ F. On a hot day the tape has expanded to 30.02 m. On that day, the tape indicates a distance of 15.52 m between two points. The true distance between these points is:

The rate of heat flow through a slab is P_cond. If the slab thickness is doubled, its cross-sectional area is halved, and the temperature difference across it is doubled, then the rate of heat flow becomes:

A thermometer indicates 98.6 $\degree$ C. It may be: