Exam 6: Perception and Individual Decision Making

Which of the following statements is true regarding perception?

Laura Simpson, a campaign manager at a child rights organization in Jakarta, planned a marathon for celebrities to raise money for underprivileged children. Though all arrangements for the event had been made, a few days before the event she realized that on the same day there was a political rally happening in the city which will block access to the route on which the marathon was supposed to be undertaken. In such a situation, what is Simpson, who suffers from a self-serving bias, most likely to say?

When individuals observe another person's behavior, they attempt to determine whether it is internally or externally caused. Which of the following attempts to explain this phenomenon?

People's behavior is based on their perception of what reality is, not on reality itself.

Discuss the attribution theory.

A manager doing performance appraisals gives more weight to recent employee behaviors than to behaviors of 6 or 9 months earlier. This shows that the manager's perception is affected by a(n) ________ bias.

Jeanne Edwards works as a campaign manager at Rainforest Alliance Trust, a forest protection organization in Indonesia. She is currently working on the Palm Oil Campaign which aims at establishing stringent laws against companies which aggravate deforestation to extract palm oil for commercial use. Her role is to establish allies with other forest protection organizations and companies which use eco-friendly products that set good examples for other companies to follow. Jeanne allied with Griffin and Powell, a large multinational company, which, unknown to Jeanne, also has strong ties with local logging groups in Jakarta. Which of the following, if true, would strengthen the argument that Jeanne had an availability bias while establishing an ally with the company?

Which of the following is a factor present in a target which may affect a person's perception?

In an interview, information elicited early from an interviewee carries greater weight than information elicited later.

A manager believes that he should not hire older workers because they can't learn new skills. This belief is an example of ________.

A person's tendency to believe he/she can predict the outcome of random events is known as the self-serving bias.

The ________ bias is a tendency to fixate on initial information and fail to adequately adjust for subsequent information.

Anne Warner, a climate campaigner at an environmental organization, is in charge of implementing a campaign activity where she needs to increase the use of renewable energy in the villages of Vietnam. For her project, she uses the rational decision-making model to implement activities. She has just completed identifying an appropriate criteria for decision making and has allocated weights to the criteria. Which of the following is Warner most likely to undertake next according to the model?

Emily Boyce, a project manager at an insurance firm, regularly satisfices while making decisions. She often comes across complicated problems which would take a long time to resolve. Due to the pressing deadlines, she often meets project goals by satisficing a large number of her decisions. Which of the following is Boyce most likely to do?

Explain the three components of creativity. Name two biases and examples of how they would affect creativity.

Which of the following is a component of the three-component model of creativity?

What is bounded rationality? How is it related to decision making?

Attribution theory tries to explain the ways in which we judge people differently, depending on the meaning we attribute to a given behavior.

According to the attribution theory, which of the following behaviors is most likely to be attributed to an external cause?

The tendency to believe falsely, after an outcome of an event is actually known, that one would have accurately predicted that outcome is known as the confirmation bias.