Question 1

Why would the Sabin oral polio vaccine need to be eliminated as we get closer and closer to eradication of the polio virus?

Accepted Answer

A) Since it is a live, attenuated viral vaccine, there's always the chance it could revert back into a pathogenic state by mutation.This would introduce new strains still capable of causing the illness into human populations, thwarting elimination. 
B) The Sabin vaccine is cheaper than the Salk (killed virus) vaccine, but it isn't as effective at producing a protective response.We'll need to shift to the more effective Salk vaccine worldwide eventually to complete the eradication process. 
C) The Salk vaccine is far cheaper than the Sabin vaccine.To effectively eradicate polio, we'll need to shift all of our resources into the cheapest and easiest to deliver vaccine possible.That is the Salk vaccine. 
D) The Sabin vaccine can only be administered to human beings.We need to vaccinate bird populations as well to effectively control the spread of polio.Birds are a natural reservoir for the virus. 
A) Since it is a live, attenuated viral vaccine, there's always the chance it could revert back into a pathogenic state by mutation.This would introduce new strains still capable of causing the illness into human populations, thwarting elimination. 
B) The Sabin vaccine is cheaper than the Salk (killed virus) vaccine, but it isn't as effective at producing a protective response.We'll need to shift to the more effective Salk vaccine worldwide eventually to complete the eradication process. 
C) The Salk vaccine is far cheaper than the Sabin vaccine.To effectively eradicate polio, we'll need to shift all of our resources into the cheapest and easiest to deliver vaccine possible.That is the Salk vaccine. 
D) The Sabin vaccine can only be administered to human beings.We need to vaccinate bird populations as well to effectively control the spread of polio.Birds are a natural reservoir for the virus. A

Question 2

The incubation period of leprosy is

Accepted Answer

A) 1 week. 
B) 3 weeks. 
C) 3 months. 
D) 3 or more years. 
A) 1 week. 
B) 3 weeks. 
C) 3 months. 
D) 3 or more years. D

Question 3

An infection of the membranes covering the brain is called

Accepted Answer

A) encephalitis. 
B) meningitis. 
C) arachnitis. 
D) ventriculitis. 
A) encephalitis. 
B) meningitis. 
C) arachnitis. 
D) ventriculitis. B

Question 4

The membranes that cover the surface of the brain and spinal cord are known as the

Accepted Answer

A) neurolemma. 
B) dura mater. 
C) meninges. 
D) collagen. 
A) neurolemma. 
B) dura mater. 
C) meninges. 
D) collagen.

Question 5

Mycobacterium leprae has a generation time of

Accepted Answer

A) 20 minutes. 
B) 1 hour. 
C) 6 hours. 
D) 12 days. 
A) 20 minutes. 
B) 1 hour. 
C) 6 hours. 
D) 12 days.

Question 6

Viral meningitis is much more common than bacterial meningitis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Inflammation of the membranes covering the CNS is called meningitis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The cavities inside the brain are termed

Accepted Answer

A) sinuses. 
B) ventricles. 
C) cavities. 
D) sulci. 
A) sinuses. 
B) ventricles. 
C) cavities. 
D) sulci.

Question 9

Humans acquire the arbovirus that causes epidemic encephalitis by

Accepted Answer

A) the fecal-oral route. 
B) human to human contact. 
C) contaminated food. 
D) the bite of an infected mosquito. 
A) the fecal-oral route. 
B) human to human contact. 
C) contaminated food. 
D) the bite of an infected mosquito.

Question 10

Viral central nervous system infections may result in

Accepted Answer

A) meningitis. 
B) encephalitis. 
C) poliomyelitis. 
D) rabies. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) meningitis. 
B) encephalitis. 
C) poliomyelitis. 
D) rabies. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 11

Leprosy is

Accepted Answer

A) an infectious disease caused by a bacterium. 
B) a disease of the blood. 
C) also known as Hansen's disease. 
D) described in the Bible. 
E) an infectious disease caused by a bacterium, also known as Hansen's disease AND described in the Bible. 
A) an infectious disease caused by a bacterium. 
B) a disease of the blood. 
C) also known as Hansen's disease. 
D) described in the Bible. 
E) an infectious disease caused by a bacterium, also known as Hansen's disease AND described in the Bible.

Question 12

The early symptoms of rabies generally begin

Accepted Answer

A) 1 day after viral entry. 
B) 1-2 months after viral entry. 
C) 6 months after viral entry. 
D) 1 year after viral entry. 
A) 1 day after viral entry. 
B) 1-2 months after viral entry. 
C) 6 months after viral entry. 
D) 1 year after viral entry.

Question 13

The poliomyelitis virus is in the picornavirus family in the subgroup

Accepted Answer

A) adenoviruses. 
B) enteroviruses. 
C) arboviruses. 
D) dermotropic. 
A) adenoviruses. 
B) enteroviruses. 
C) arboviruses. 
D) dermotropic.

Question 14

In rabies, the virus multiplies in one kind of cell then binds to receptors in the

Accepted Answer

A) neuromuscular region. 
B) spinal cord. 
C) respiratory area. 
D) brain. 
A) neuromuscular region. 
B) spinal cord. 
C) respiratory area. 
D) brain.

Question 15

The CNS may become infected through the

Accepted Answer

A) bloodstream. 
B) nerves. 
C) extensions from bone. 
D) ventricles. 
E) bloodstream, nerves AND extensions from bone. 
A) bloodstream. 
B) nerves. 
C) extensions from bone. 
D) ventricles. 
E) bloodstream, nerves AND extensions from bone.

Question 16

Why is it important to learn about rabies when only a few cases occur in the United States each year?

Accepted Answer

A) The US isn't the entire world.Rabies might be more common in other areas, and it's important to understand due to its lethality. 
B) The only reason why rabies isn't common in the US is due to our lack of interaction with animal carriers.We could very easily have an outbreak on our hands if we don't know the warning signs to watch for that we've learned about by studying the virus and disease. 
C) Rabies can never be completely eliminated-it has too many different animal reservoirs/carriers.As such, we need to remain constantly aware of how to protect human populations, both by preventing and treating the illness.We can only do that by learning about it. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) The US isn't the entire world.Rabies might be more common in other areas, and it's important to understand due to its lethality. 
B) The only reason why rabies isn't common in the US is due to our lack of interaction with animal carriers.We could very easily have an outbreak on our hands if we don't know the warning signs to watch for that we've learned about by studying the virus and disease. 
C) Rabies can never be completely eliminated-it has too many different animal reservoirs/carriers.As such, we need to remain constantly aware of how to protect human populations, both by preventing and treating the illness.We can only do that by learning about it. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 17

The nervous system typically

Accepted Answer

A) is sterile. 
B) has a small number of normal flora. 
C) contains Gram-positive bacteria. 
D) contains a small number of viruses. 
A) is sterile. 
B) has a small number of normal flora. 
C) contains Gram-positive bacteria. 
D) contains a small number of viruses.

Question 18

All cases of paralytic polio acquired in the U.S. between 1980 and 1999 were caused by Sabin's polio vaccine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Characteristic inclusion bodies formed in cells of organisms infected with rabies are called

Accepted Answer

A) Negri bodies. 
B) metachromatic bodies. 
C) polyphasic bodies. 
D) Koplik spots. 
A) Negri bodies. 
B) metachromatic bodies. 
C) polyphasic bodies. 
D) Koplik spots.

Question 20

The nerves that carry information to the CNS are termed

Accepted Answer

A) motor nerves. 
B) endocrine nerves. 
C) sensory nerves. 
D) cerebrospinal nerves. 
A) motor nerves. 
B) endocrine nerves. 
C) sensory nerves. 
D) cerebrospinal nerves.

Exam 26: Nervous System Infections

Why would the Sabin oral polio vaccine need to be eliminated as we get closer and closer to eradication of the polio virus?

The incubation period of leprosy is

An infection of the membranes covering the brain is called

The membranes that cover the surface of the brain and spinal cord are known as the

Mycobacterium leprae has a generation time of

Viral meningitis is much more common than bacterial meningitis.

Inflammation of the membranes covering the CNS is called meningitis.

The cavities inside the brain are termed

Humans acquire the arbovirus that causes epidemic encephalitis by

Viral central nervous system infections may result in

Leprosy is

The early symptoms of rabies generally begin

The poliomyelitis virus is in the picornavirus family in the subgroup

In rabies, the virus multiplies in one kind of cell then binds to receptors in the

The CNS may become infected through the

Why is it important to learn about rabies when only a few cases occur in the United States each year?

The nervous system typically

All cases of paralytic polio acquired in the U.S. between 1980 and 1999 were caused by Sabin's polio vaccine.

Characteristic inclusion bodies formed in cells of organisms infected with rabies are called

The nerves that carry information to the CNS are termed

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotes

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Hiv Disease and Complications of Immunodeficiency

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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