Question 1

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acid fragments according to

Accepted Answer

A) density. 
B) shape. 
C) size. 
D) sequence. 
A) density. 
B) shape. 
C) size. 
D) sequence. C

Question 2

When using lacZ containing vectors, colonies containing intact vector turn blue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in humans

Accepted Answer

A) is always donated to the offspring from both parents 
B) can be used to identify related people 
C) can be isolated only from intact embryos 
D) can be used to establish paternity 
A) is always donated to the offspring from both parents 
B) can be used to identify related people 
C) can be isolated only from intact embryos 
D) can be used to establish paternity B

Question 4

The agarose used in electrophoresis

Accepted Answer

A) interacts electrically with the DNA. 
B) chemically binds to the DNA. 
C) acts as a sieve. 
D) selectively sorts recombinant DNA from host DNA. 
A) interacts electrically with the DNA. 
B) chemically binds to the DNA. 
C) acts as a sieve. 
D) selectively sorts recombinant DNA from host DNA.

Question 5

Genetic engineering

Accepted Answer

A) allows the use of bacteria as production factories for a number of molecules. 
B) relies on recombinant DNA technology. 
C) is dependent on RNA enzymes. 
D) relies completely on conjugation. 
E) allows the use of bacteria as production factories for a number of molecules AND relies on recombinant DNA technology. 
A) allows the use of bacteria as production factories for a number of molecules. 
B) relies on recombinant DNA technology. 
C) is dependent on RNA enzymes. 
D) relies completely on conjugation. 
E) allows the use of bacteria as production factories for a number of molecules AND relies on recombinant DNA technology.

Question 6

Restriction enzymes have proved so useful in manipulating DNA because

Accepted Answer

A) they cut at defined sites. 
B) the sticky ends make it very easy to allow recombination of any type of DNA. 
C) they protect eukaryotes against virus attack. 
D) they cut RNA molecules. 
E) they cut at defined sites AND the sticky ends make it very easy to allow recombination of any type of DNA. 
A) they cut at defined sites. 
B) the sticky ends make it very easy to allow recombination of any type of DNA. 
C) they protect eukaryotes against virus attack. 
D) they cut RNA molecules. 
E) they cut at defined sites AND the sticky ends make it very easy to allow recombination of any type of DNA.

Question 7

Most eukaryotic genes are cloned directly into the vector for expression in prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Genetic engineering of plants has so far produced

Accepted Answer

A) pest resistant plants. 
B) plants that are herbicide resistant. 
C) plants with increased nutritional value. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) pest resistant plants. 
B) plants that are herbicide resistant. 
C) plants with increased nutritional value. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

The Ti plasmid is used as a vector to transfer DNA into

Accepted Answer

A) viruses. 
B) bacteria. 
C) plant cells. 
D) animal cells. 
A) viruses. 
B) bacteria. 
C) plant cells. 
D) animal cells.

Question 10

A dye often used for its ease and sensitivity to visualize nucleic acid after agarose gel electrophoresis is

Accepted Answer

A) nigrosin. 
B) malachite green. 
C) gold oxide. 
D) ethidium bromide. 
A) nigrosin. 
B) malachite green. 
C) gold oxide. 
D) ethidium bromide.

Question 11

DNA probes are used to find regions of complementary DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In a FISH experiment, what would happen if unbound probe was not washed off?

Accepted Answer

A) Nothing-it's not necessary to wash off the unbound probe. 
B) You would get false positive results in different areas where the probe hadn't actually bound, but it was still sitting there and lighting up. 
C) Your FISH would be floating at the top of the tank due to the toxicity of the probe building up within them. 
D) Nothing-the target nucleotide sequences are labeled, not the probe.Therefore, excess unbound probe wouldn't matter for the experiment. 
A) Nothing-it's not necessary to wash off the unbound probe. 
B) You would get false positive results in different areas where the probe hadn't actually bound, but it was still sitting there and lighting up. 
C) Your FISH would be floating at the top of the tank due to the toxicity of the probe building up within them. 
D) Nothing-the target nucleotide sequences are labeled, not the probe.Therefore, excess unbound probe wouldn't matter for the experiment.

Question 13

Vectors must have at least one restriction enzyme recognition site.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A graduate student wants to clone a particular gene into a plasmid. The sequence includes AluI and BamHI sites on both sides of the desired fragment. AluI cuts symmetrically directly between the G and C nucleotides in a palindromic 5' AGCT 3' sequence. BamHI cuts asymmetrically directly between the G and G nucleotides in a palindromic 5' GGATCC 3' sequence. Which of the two restriction endonucleases should the graduate student choose, and why?

Accepted Answer

A) BamHI to cut both sides-since it cuts asymmetrically, it'll leave the sticky, cohesive single-strand DNA ends that will make it easier to ligate into a BamHI-cut plasmid DNA sequence. 
B) AluI to cut both sides-it's always easier to ligate together blunt ends of DNA.She should also use AluI on the plasmid she wants to put the fragment into. 
C) BamHI on the fragment, and AluI on the plasmid-this will give her the matching sequences to anneal/ligate together on the fragment/plasmid combination. 
D) BamHI on one side of the fragment, and AluI on the other side-this would keep the fragment from sticking right back to where it was cut out from in the original DNA. 
A) BamHI to cut both sides-since it cuts asymmetrically, it'll leave the sticky, cohesive single-strand DNA ends that will make it easier to ligate into a BamHI-cut plasmid DNA sequence. 
B) AluI to cut both sides-it's always easier to ligate together blunt ends of DNA.She should also use AluI on the plasmid she wants to put the fragment into. 
C) BamHI on the fragment, and AluI on the plasmid-this will give her the matching sequences to anneal/ligate together on the fragment/plasmid combination. 
D) BamHI on one side of the fragment, and AluI on the other side-this would keep the fragment from sticking right back to where it was cut out from in the original DNA.

Question 15

Goal(s) of gene cloning may be to produce

Accepted Answer

A) a protein. 
B) many copies of the gene to be used as a probe. 
C) many copies of the gene for sequencing. 
D) more copies of the host cell. 
E) a protein, many copies of the gene to be used as a probe AND many copies of the gene for sequencing. 
A) a protein. 
B) many copies of the gene to be used as a probe. 
C) many copies of the gene for sequencing. 
D) more copies of the host cell. 
E) a protein, many copies of the gene to be used as a probe AND many copies of the gene for sequencing.

Question 16

The size of the amplified DNA fragment generated during PCR is determined by

Accepted Answer

A) how many cycles are performed. 
B) the size of the template DNA. 
C) the location to which the primers anneal. 
D) how much Taq is used. 
A) how many cycles are performed. 
B) the size of the template DNA. 
C) the location to which the primers anneal. 
D) how much Taq is used.

Question 17

DNA microarray technology

Accepted Answer

A) may use many DNA fragments that function like probes. 
B) attaches nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide. 
C) relies on arrays that contain a detectable tag. 
D) uses nucleic acid hybridization. 
E) may use many DNA fragments that function like probes, attaches nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide AND uses nucleic acid hybridization. 
A) may use many DNA fragments that function like probes. 
B) attaches nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide. 
C) relies on arrays that contain a detectable tag. 
D) uses nucleic acid hybridization. 
E) may use many DNA fragments that function like probes, attaches nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide AND uses nucleic acid hybridization.

Question 18

Selecting for transformants involves

Accepted Answer

A) identifying organisms that have taken up recombinant DNA. 
B) searching for RNA. 
C) production of proteins. 
D) production of DNA. 
A) identifying organisms that have taken up recombinant DNA. 
B) searching for RNA. 
C) production of proteins. 
D) production of DNA.

Question 19

PCR is particularly useful in

Accepted Answer

A) detecting viable yet non-culturable organisms. 
B) assessing impure (multiple types of bacteria present) samples. 
C) dealing with very small numbers of bacteria. 
D) relatively quickly producing results. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) detecting viable yet non-culturable organisms. 
B) assessing impure (multiple types of bacteria present) samples. 
C) dealing with very small numbers of bacteria. 
D) relatively quickly producing results. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

The molecule(s) that act as molecular glue to bind DNA fragments together is/are

Accepted Answer

A) DNAse. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) ligandase. 
D) polymerase. 
E) DNAse AND ligandase. 
A) DNAse. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) ligandase. 
D) polymerase. 
E) DNAse AND ligandase.

Exam 9: Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acid fragments according to

When using lacZ containing vectors, colonies containing intact vector turn blue.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in humans

The agarose used in electrophoresis

Genetic engineering

Restriction enzymes have proved so useful in manipulating DNA because

Most eukaryotic genes are cloned directly into the vector for expression in prokaryotes.

Genetic engineering of plants has so far produced

The Ti plasmid is used as a vector to transfer DNA into

A dye often used for its ease and sensitivity to visualize nucleic acid after agarose gel electrophoresis is

DNA probes are used to find regions of complementary DNA.

In a FISH experiment, what would happen if unbound probe was not washed off?

Vectors must have at least one restriction enzyme recognition site.

Goal(s) of gene cloning may be to produce

The size of the amplified DNA fragment generated during PCR is determined by

DNA microarray technology

Selecting for transformants involves

PCR is particularly useful in

The molecule(s) that act as molecular glue to bind DNA fragments together is/are

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotes

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Infections

Nervous System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Hiv Disease and Complications of Immunodeficiency

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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