Question 1

Consider the following grayscale electrostatic potential map.The regions are labeled as to color.   Which atom is the most electron poor?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4

Question 2

Consider a reaction with the following thermodynamic properties. ΔH° = 77.7 kJ
ΔS° = -35.7 J/(K • mol)
ΔG°= 88.4 kJ
This reaction:

Accepted Answer

A) will be spontaneous at low temperatures. 
B) has bonds in the products that are weaker than the reactants. 
C) may have fewer and more complicated molecules in the product. 
D) will proceed very slowly. 
A) will be spontaneous at low temperatures. 
B) has bonds in the products that are weaker than the reactants. 
C) may have fewer and more complicated molecules in the product. 
D) will proceed very slowly.

Question 3

Consider the following grayscale electrostatic potential map.The regions are labeled as to color.   Which atom is the most likely to be attacked by a nucleophile?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4

Question 4

_____ A species that lies at an energy minimum between steps on a reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) transition state 
B) endergonic reaction 
C) activation energy 
D) standard Gibbs free energy change 
E) exergonic reaction
F)reaction intermediate 
A) transition state 
B) endergonic reaction 
C) activation energy 
D) standard Gibbs free energy change 
E) exergonic reaction
F)reaction intermediate

Question 5

Consider the following energy diagram.   Which step has the least endergonic ΔG±?

Accepted Answer

A) A - C 
B) C - E 
C) E - G 
D) G - I 
A) A - C 
B) C - E 
C) E - G 
D) G - I

Question 6

A reaction that establishes equilibrium with almost no reactants present:

Accepted Answer

A) is exergonic. 
B) has a negative ΔG°. 
C) has a large Keq. 
D) all of the above. 
A) is exergonic. 
B) has a negative ΔG°. 
C) has a large Keq. 
D) all of the above.

Question 7

A reaction has ΔH° = -14.7 kJ and ΔS° of 35.7 J/(K • mol),will

Accepted Answer

A) be exergonic. 
B) have a positive ΔG°. 
C) have a very small Keq. 
D) will proceed rapidly. 
A) be exergonic. 
B) have a positive ΔG°. 
C) have a very small Keq. 
D) will proceed rapidly.

Question 8

Exhibit 6-9
Use the reaction energy diagram below to answer the following question(s).
​  
-Refer to Exhibit 6-9.The reactants are found at point _____ on the diagram.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exhibit 6-9
Use the reaction energy diagram below...

Question 9

​Write the mechanism of the reaction between water and ammonia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ​Write the mechanism of the reaction between...

Question 10

In a polar reaction mechanism,the atom that gives away electrons in a neutral nucleophile will end up as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) cation 
B) anion 
C) radical 
D) neutral molecule 
A) cation 
B) anion 
C) radical 
D) neutral molecule

Question 11

_____ ΔG° = −RT ln Keq

Accepted Answer

A) transition state 
B) endergonic reaction 
C) activation energy 
D) standard Gibbs free energy change 
E) exergonic reaction
F)reaction intermediate 
A) transition state 
B) endergonic reaction 
C) activation energy 
D) standard Gibbs free energy change 
E) exergonic reaction
F)reaction intermediate

Question 12

Exhibit 6-7
Consider this reaction when answering the following question(s):
​  
-Refer to Exhibit 6-7.This reaction is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) a substitution reaction. 
B) a rearrangement reaction. 
C) an addition reaction. 
D) an elimination reaction. 
A) a substitution reaction. 
B) a rearrangement reaction. 
C) an addition reaction. 
D) an elimination reaction.

Question 13

Exhibit 6-10
Consider the reaction of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane with water,shown below,to answer the following question(s).
​   ​
Diagram 1: The first step of this reaction is shown below.
​   Diagram 2: The second and third steps of the reaction are shown below.
​  
-Refer to Exhibit 6-10.In Diagram 1,add curved arrows to indicate electron flow.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exhibit 6-10
Consider the reaction of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane with...

Question 14

Exhibit 6-10
Consider the reaction of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane with water,shown below,to answer the following question(s).
​   ​
Diagram 1: The first step of this reaction is shown below.
​   Diagram 2: The second and third steps of the reaction are shown below.
​  
-Refer to Exhibit 6-10.In Diagram 2,label the nucleophile,Nu,and the electrophile,E+,in the blanks provided under the structures.

Accepted Answer

Question 15

What are the major differences between a reaction occurring in flask in the laboratory compared to a reaction occurring in a biological system?

Accepted Answer

Solvent: Laboratory reactions occur in n

Question 16

Exhibit 6-7
Consider this reaction when answering the following question(s):
 
-Refer to Exhibit 6-7.Draw a qualitative energy diagram for the reaction (assume that the first step is slower than the second step).Label fully.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exhibit 6-7
Consider this reaction when answering the...

Question 17

The following represents the carbocation intermediate in the reaction of an alkene with HBr.   Draw the skeletal structure of the possible products and reactants.

Accepted Answer

Two possib

Question 18

Exhibit 6-9
Use the reaction energy diagram below to answer the following question(s).
​  
-Refer to Exhibit 6-9.The reaction depicted in this reaction energy diagram can best be described as:

Accepted Answer

A) a slow exothermic reaction 
B) a fast exothermic reaction 
C) a slow endothermic reaction 
D) a fast endothermic reaction 
A) a slow exothermic reaction 
B) a fast exothermic reaction 
C) a slow endothermic reaction 
D) a fast endothermic reaction

Question 19

​Write the mechanism of the reaction of trans-2-butene with hydrogen bromide.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ​Write the mechanism of the reaction of...

Question 20

Which of the following could act as a nucleophile?

Accepted Answer

A) HCl 
B) CH3NH2 
C) BF3 
D) CH3Br 
A) HCl 
B) CH3NH2 
C) BF3 
D) CH3Br

Exam 6: An Overview of Organic Reactions

Consider the following grayscale electrostatic potential map.The regions are labeled as to color. Which atom is the most electron poor?

Consider a reaction with the following thermodynamic properties. ΔH° = 77.7 kJ ΔS° = -35.7 J/(K • mol) ΔG°= 88.4 kJ This reaction:

Consider the following grayscale electrostatic potential map.The regions are labeled as to color. Which atom is the most likely to be attacked by a nucleophile?

_____ A species that lies at an energy minimum between steps on a reaction.

Consider the following energy diagram. Which step has the least endergonic ΔG±?

A reaction that establishes equilibrium with almost no reactants present:

A reaction has ΔH° = -14.7 kJ and ΔS° of 35.7 J/(K • mol),will

Exhibit 6-9 Use the reaction energy diagram below to answer the following question(s). ​ -Refer to Exhibit 6-9.The reactants are found at point _____ on the diagram.

​Write the mechanism of the reaction between water and ammonia.

In a polar reaction mechanism,the atom that gives away electrons in a neutral nucleophile will end up as a(n):

_____ ΔG° = −RT ln Keq

Exhibit 6-7 Consider this reaction when answering the following question(s): ​ -Refer to Exhibit 6-7.This reaction is an example of:

What are the major differences between a reaction occurring in flask in the laboratory compared to a reaction occurring in a biological system?

Exhibit 6-7 Consider this reaction when answering the following question(s): -Refer to Exhibit 6-7.Draw a qualitative energy diagram for the reaction (assume that the first step is slower than the second step).Label fully.

The following represents the carbocation intermediate in the reaction of an alkene with HBr. Draw the skeletal structure of the possible products and reactants.

Exhibit 6-9 Use the reaction energy diagram below to answer the following question(s). ​ -Refer to Exhibit 6-9.The reaction depicted in this reaction energy diagram can best be described as:

​Write the mechanism of the reaction of trans-2-butene with hydrogen bromide.

Which of the following could act as a nucleophile?

Structure and Bonding

Polar Covalent Bonds;acids and Bases

Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Organic Compounds: Cycloalkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry at Tetrahedral Centers

Par 1

Alkenes: Structure and Reactivity

Alkenes: Reactions and Synthesis

Alkynes: an Introduction to Organic Synthesis

Organohalides

Reactions of Alkyl Halides: Nucleophilic Substitutions and Eliminations

Par 2

Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy

Structure Determination: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Conjugated Compounds and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Par 3

Benzene and Aromaticity

Chemistry of Benzene: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

Alcohols and Phenols

Ethers and Epoxides;thiols and Sulfides

Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions

Par 4

Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions

Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution Reactions

Carbonyl Condensation Reactions

Par 5

Amines and Heterocycles

Biomolecules: Carbohydrates

Biomolecules: Amino Acids,peptides,and Proteins

Par 7

Biomolecules: Lipids

Biomolecules: Nucleic Acids

The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways

Orbitals and Organic Chemistry: Pericyclic Reactions

Synthetic Polymers

Par 1

Filters

Consider the following energy diagram. Which step has the least endergonic ΔG^±?

Exhibit 6-9 Use the reaction energy diagram below to answer the following question(s). -Refer to Exhibit 6-9.The reactants are found at point _____ on the diagram.

Write the mechanism of the reaction between water and ammonia.

_____ ΔG° = −RT ln K_eq

Exhibit 6-7 Consider this reaction when answering the following question(s): -Refer to Exhibit 6-7.This reaction is an example of:

Exhibit 6-9 Use the reaction energy diagram below to answer the following question(s). -Refer to Exhibit 6-9.The reaction depicted in this reaction energy diagram can best be described as:

Write the mechanism of the reaction of trans-2-butene with hydrogen bromide.