Question 1

Therapeutic measures for osteoporosis include:

Accepted Answer

A)  non-weight-bearing exercises 
B)  dietary supplements of calcium and vitamin D 
C)  transplants of osteoblasts 
D)  avoidance of all hormones 
A)  non-weight-bearing exercises 
B)  dietary supplements of calcium and vitamin D 
C)  transplants of osteoblasts 
D)  avoidance of all hormones B

Question 2

Which of the following cells produce new bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteocytes 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteoclasts 
D)  stem cells from the bone marrow 
A)  osteocytes 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteoclasts 
D)  stem cells from the bone marrow B

Question 3

Immovable joints are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  amphiarthroses 
B)  synarthroses 
C)  diarthroses 
D)  synovial joints 
A)  amphiarthroses 
B)  synarthroses 
C)  diarthroses 
D)  synovial joints B

Question 4

All of the following predispose to osteoporosis EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  weight-bearing activity 
B)  a sedentary lifestyle 
C)  long-term intake of glucocorticoids 
D)  calcium deficit 
A)  weight-bearing activity 
B)  a sedentary lifestyle 
C)  long-term intake of glucocorticoids 
D)  calcium deficit

Question 5

When a fracture is healing,the procallus or fibrocartilaginous callus:

Accepted Answer

A)  can bear weight 
B)  serves as a splint across the fracture site 
C)  is the tissue to gradually be remodeled 
D)  is made up of new bone 
A)  can bear weight 
B)  serves as a splint across the fracture site 
C)  is the tissue to gradually be remodeled 
D)  is made up of new bone

Question 6

Bones classified as "irregular" would include:

Accepted Answer

A)  skull bones 
B)  the mandible 
C)  wrist bones 
D)  the femur 
A)  skull bones 
B)  the mandible 
C)  wrist bones 
D)  the femur

Question 7

What structure facilitates joint movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  synovial membrane 
B)  fibrous capsule 
C)  articulating cartilage 
D)  menisci 
A)  synovial membrane 
B)  fibrous capsule 
C)  articulating cartilage 
D)  menisci

Question 8

What is the chemical transmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

A)  norepinephrine 
B)  GABA 
C)  serotonin 
D)  acetylcholine 
A)  norepinephrine 
B)  GABA 
C)  serotonin 
D)  acetylcholine

Question 9

What is the distinguishing feature of primary fibromyalgia syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  joint pain and stiffness throughout the body 
B)  degeneration and atrophy of skeletal muscles in back and lower limbs 
C)  localized areas of constant pain 
D)  specific trigger points for pain and tenderness 
A)  joint pain and stiffness throughout the body 
B)  degeneration and atrophy of skeletal muscles in back and lower limbs 
C)  localized areas of constant pain 
D)  specific trigger points for pain and tenderness

Question 10

How does the joint appear during an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  relatively normal 
B)  enlarged,firm,crepitus with movement 
C)  deformed,pale and nodular 
D)  red,warm,swollen,and tender to touch 
A)  relatively normal 
B)  enlarged,firm,crepitus with movement 
C)  deformed,pale and nodular 
D)  red,warm,swollen,and tender to touch

Question 11

What is a common outcome of fibrosis,calcification,and fusion of the spine in ankylosing spondylitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to the spinal nerves and loss of function 
B)  paraplegia 
C)  impaired heart and lung function 
D)  rigidity,postural changes,and osteoporosis 
A)  damage to the spinal nerves and loss of function 
B)  paraplegia 
C)  impaired heart and lung function 
D)  rigidity,postural changes,and osteoporosis

Question 12

Which of the following would identify an open or compound fracture?

Accepted Answer

A)  The skin and soft tissue is exposed at the fracture site. 
B)  A bone is crushed into many small pieces. 
C)  The bone appears bent with a partial fracture line. 
D)  One end of a bone is forced into an adjacent bone. 
A)  The skin and soft tissue is exposed at the fracture site. 
B)  A bone is crushed into many small pieces. 
C)  The bone appears bent with a partial fracture line. 
D)  One end of a bone is forced into an adjacent bone.

Question 13

Which statement applies to menisci?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are found in the hip joints. 
B)  They are secretory membranes in joints. 
C)  They prevent excessive movement of joints. 
D)  They are found in the shoulder joint. 
A)  They are found in the hip joints. 
B)  They are secretory membranes in joints. 
C)  They prevent excessive movement of joints. 
D)  They are found in the shoulder joint.

Question 14

What limits joint movement in osteoarthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  the osteophytes and irregular cartilage surface 
B)  the wider joint space 
C)  decreased amount of synovial fluid in the cavity 
D)  fibrosis involving the joint capsule and ligaments 
A)  the osteophytes and irregular cartilage surface 
B)  the wider joint space 
C)  decreased amount of synovial fluid in the cavity 
D)  fibrosis involving the joint capsule and ligaments

Question 15

Which of the following may precipitate an attack of gout?

Accepted Answer

A)  a sudden increase in serum uric acid levels 
B)  severe hypercalcemia 
C)  mild trauma to the toes 
D)  development of a tophus 
A)  a sudden increase in serum uric acid levels 
B)  severe hypercalcemia 
C)  mild trauma to the toes 
D)  development of a tophus

Question 16

How is the articular cartilage damaged in rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymatic destruction by the pannus 
B)  inflamed synovial membrane covers the cartilage 
C)  fibrous tissue connects the ends of the bones 
D)  blood supply to the cartilage is lost 
A)  enzymatic destruction by the pannus 
B)  inflamed synovial membrane covers the cartilage 
C)  fibrous tissue connects the ends of the bones 
D)  blood supply to the cartilage is lost

Question 17

Which of the following describes a Colles' fracture?

Accepted Answer

A)  The distal radius is broken. 
B)  The distal fibula is broken. 
C)  A vertebra appears crushed. 
D)  A spontaneous fracture occurs in weakened bone. 
A)  The distal radius is broken. 
B)  The distal fibula is broken. 
C)  A vertebra appears crushed. 
D)  A spontaneous fracture occurs in weakened bone.

Question 18

What is a typical characteristic of the pain caused by osteoarthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  relief with moderate activity 
B)  quite severe in the early stages 
C)  aggravated by general muscle aching 
D)  increased with weight-bearing and activity 
A)  relief with moderate activity 
B)  quite severe in the early stages 
C)  aggravated by general muscle aching 
D)  increased with weight-bearing and activity

Question 19

Why does ankylosis and deformity develop in rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle hypertrophies 
B)  fibrosis occurs in the joint 
C)  replacement cartilage changes alignment 
D)  ligaments and tendons shorten 
A)  skeletal muscle hypertrophies 
B)  fibrosis occurs in the joint 
C)  replacement cartilage changes alignment 
D)  ligaments and tendons shorten

Question 20

Where does inflammation usually begin in an individual with ankylosing spondylitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  costovertebral joints and progression down the spine 
B)  cervical and thoracic vertebrae,causing kyphosis 
C)  sacroiliac joints and progression up the spine 
D)  peripheral joints and then proceeds to the vertebrae 
A)  costovertebral joints and progression down the spine 
B)  cervical and thoracic vertebrae,causing kyphosis 
C)  sacroiliac joints and progression up the spine 
D)  peripheral joints and then proceeds to the vertebrae

Exam 26: Musculoskeletal Disorders

Therapeutic measures for osteoporosis include:

Which of the following cells produce new bone?

Immovable joints are called:

All of the following predispose to osteoporosis EXCEPT:

When a fracture is healing,the procallus or fibrocartilaginous callus:

Bones classified as "irregular" would include:

What structure facilitates joint movement?

What is the chemical transmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

What is the distinguishing feature of primary fibromyalgia syndrome?

How does the joint appear during an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis?

What is a common outcome of fibrosis,calcification,and fusion of the spine in ankylosing spondylitis?

Which of the following would identify an open or compound fracture?

Which statement applies to menisci?

What limits joint movement in osteoarthritis?

Which of the following may precipitate an attack of gout?

How is the articular cartilage damaged in rheumatoid arthritis?

Which of the following describes a Colles' fracture?

What is a typical characteristic of the pain caused by osteoarthritis?

Why does ankylosis and deformity develop in rheumatoid arthritis?

Where does inflammation usually begin in an individual with ankylosing spondylitis?

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Inflammation and Healing

Immunity and Abnormal Responses

Infection

Neoplasms

Fluid,electrolyte and Acid-Base Imbalances

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Diseases Associated With Adolescence

Potential Complications of Pregnancy

Aging and Disease Processes

Effects of Immobility

The Influence of Stress

Pain

Substance Abuse

Environmental Hazards

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Selected Therapies

Blood and Lymphatic Disorders

Cardiovascular Disorders

Respiratory Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Acute Neurological Disorders

Chronic Neurologic Disorders

Disorders of the Eye and Ear

Endocrine Disorders

Skin Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

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