Question 1

When prolonged ischemia occurs to an area of the heart,the resulting damage is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  atrophy 
B)  liquefactive necrosis 
C)  apoptosis 
D)  infarction 
A)  atrophy 
B)  liquefactive necrosis 
C)  apoptosis 
D)  infarction D

Question 2

When a group of cells in the body dies,the change is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  ischemia 
B)  gangrene 
C)  hypoxia 
D)  necrosis 
A)  ischemia 
B)  gangrene 
C)  hypoxia 
D)  necrosis D

Question 3

The best definition of the term prognosis is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  precipitating factors causing an acute episode 
B)  number of remissions to be expected during the course of a chronic illness 
C)  predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific disease 
D)  exacerbations occurring during chronic illness 
A)  precipitating factors causing an acute episode 
B)  number of remissions to be expected during the course of a chronic illness 
C)  predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific disease 
D)  exacerbations occurring during chronic illness C

Question 4

The term cancer refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  dysplasia 
B)  hyperplasia 
C)  metaplasia 
D)  malignant neoplasm 
A)  dysplasia 
B)  hyperplasia 
C)  metaplasia 
D)  malignant neoplasm

Question 5

Caseation necrosis refers to an area where:

Accepted Answer

A)  cell proteins have been denatured 
B)  cell are liquefied by enzymes 
C)  dead cells form a thick cheesy substance 
D)  bacterial invasion has occurred 
A)  cell proteins have been denatured 
B)  cell are liquefied by enzymes 
C)  dead cells form a thick cheesy substance 
D)  bacterial invasion has occurred

Question 6

Which of the following is the best definition of epidemiology?

Accepted Answer

A)  the science of tracking the occurrence and distribution of diseases 
B)  the relative number of deaths resulting from a particular disease 
C)  identification of a specific disease through evaluation of signs and symptoms 
D)  the global search for emerging diseases 
A)  the science of tracking the occurrence and distribution of diseases 
B)  the relative number of deaths resulting from a particular disease 
C)  identification of a specific disease through evaluation of signs and symptoms 
D)  the global search for emerging diseases

Question 7

During the evaluation process for a new therapy's effectiveness and safety,a double blind study may be conducted during:

Accepted Answer

A)  the first stage 
B)  the second stage 
C)  the third stage 
D)  any of these stages 
A)  the first stage 
B)  the second stage 
C)  the third stage 
D)  any of these stages

Question 8

The term prognosis refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  period of recovery and return to a normal state 
B)  expected outcome of the disease 
C)  mortality and morbidity rates for a given population 
D)  typical collection of signs and symptoms 
A)  period of recovery and return to a normal state 
B)  expected outcome of the disease 
C)  mortality and morbidity rates for a given population 
D)  typical collection of signs and symptoms

Question 9

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alteration of DNA does not change cell function. 
B)  Damaged cells may be able to repair themselves. 
C)  All types of cells die at the same rate. 
D)  Mild ischemia causes immediate cell death. 
A)  Alteration of DNA does not change cell function. 
B)  Damaged cells may be able to repair themselves. 
C)  All types of cells die at the same rate. 
D)  Mild ischemia causes immediate cell death.

Question 10

Which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  swelling of the knee 
B)  fever 
C)  pain in the neck 
D)  red rash on the face 
A)  swelling of the knee 
B)  fever 
C)  pain in the neck 
D)  red rash on the face

Question 11

Which term is used to describe a new and secondary or additional problem that arises after the original disease is established?

Accepted Answer

A)  symptoms 
B)  occurrence 
C)  manifestations 
D)  complication 
A)  symptoms 
B)  occurrence 
C)  manifestations 
D)  complication

Question 12

Etiology is defined as the study of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  causes of a disease 
B)  course of a disease 
C)  expected complications of a disease 
D)  manifestations of a disease 
A)  causes of a disease 
B)  course of a disease 
C)  expected complications of a disease 
D)  manifestations of a disease

Question 13

The best definition of ischemia is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the mechanical damage due to pressure on tissue 
B)  any imbalance of fluids or electrolytes in the body 
C)  a deficit of oxygen supply to the cells,due to circulatory obstruction 
D)  the effects of infection by microorganisms 
A)  the mechanical damage due to pressure on tissue 
B)  any imbalance of fluids or electrolytes in the body 
C)  a deficit of oxygen supply to the cells,due to circulatory obstruction 
D)  the effects of infection by microorganisms

Question 14

All of the following statements are correct about cell damage EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  The Initial stage of cell damage often causes an alteration in metabolic reactions. 
B)  If the factor causing the damage is removed quickly,the cell may be able to recover and return to its normal state. 
C)  If the noxious factor remains for an extended period of time,the damage becomes irreversible and the cell dies. 
D)  Initially cell damage does not change cell metabolism,structure,or function. 
A)  The Initial stage of cell damage often causes an alteration in metabolic reactions. 
B)  If the factor causing the damage is removed quickly,the cell may be able to recover and return to its normal state. 
C)  If the noxious factor remains for an extended period of time,the damage becomes irreversible and the cell dies. 
D)  Initially cell damage does not change cell metabolism,structure,or function.

Question 15

If the data collected from the research process confirm that the new treatment has increased effectiveness and is safe,this is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  the placebo effect 
B)  evidence based research 
C)  blind research studies 
D)  approval for immediate distribution 
A)  the placebo effect 
B)  evidence based research 
C)  blind research studies 
D)  approval for immediate distribution

Question 16

Routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  an iatrogenic cause of cancer 
B)  a preventative measure 
C)  a precipitating factor 
D)  a predisposing condition 
A)  an iatrogenic cause of cancer 
B)  a preventative measure 
C)  a precipitating factor 
D)  a predisposing condition

Question 17

A change in a tissue marked by cells that vary in size and shape and show increased mitotic figures would be called:

Accepted Answer

A)  metaplasia 
B)  atrophy 
C)  dysplasia 
D)  hypertrophy 
A)  metaplasia 
B)  atrophy 
C)  dysplasia 
D)  hypertrophy

Question 18

All of the following are part of the Seven Steps to Health EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  follow cancer screening guidelines 
B)  use sun block agents whenever exposed 
C)  participate in strenuous exercise on a regular daily basis 
D)  choose high fiber,lower fat foods 
E)  avoid second hand smoke at all times 
A)  follow cancer screening guidelines 
B)  use sun block agents whenever exposed 
C)  participate in strenuous exercise on a regular daily basis 
D)  choose high fiber,lower fat foods 
E)  avoid second hand smoke at all times

Question 19

Cell damage may be caused by exogenous sources such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  abnormal metabolic processes 
B)  certain food additives 
C)  genetic defects 
D)  localized hypoxia 
A)  abnormal metabolic processes 
B)  certain food additives 
C)  genetic defects 
D)  localized hypoxia

Question 20

Which of the following conditions distinguishes double blind studies used in health research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neither the members of the control group or the experimental group nor the person administering the treatment know who is receiving the experimental therapy. 
B)  Both groups of research subjects and the person administering the treatment know who is receiving the experimental therapy. 
C)  The research subjects do not know,but the person administering the treatment knows who is receiving placebo or standard therapy. 
D)  Only members of the control group know they are receiving standard therapy. 
A)  Neither the members of the control group or the experimental group nor the person administering the treatment know who is receiving the experimental therapy. 
B)  Both groups of research subjects and the person administering the treatment know who is receiving the experimental therapy. 
C)  The research subjects do not know,but the person administering the treatment knows who is receiving placebo or standard therapy. 
D)  Only members of the control group know they are receiving standard therapy.

Exam 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology

When prolonged ischemia occurs to an area of the heart,the resulting damage is referred to as:

When a group of cells in the body dies,the change is called:

The best definition of the term prognosis is the:

The term cancer refers to:

Caseation necrosis refers to an area where:

Which of the following is the best definition of epidemiology?

During the evaluation process for a new therapy's effectiveness and safety,a double blind study may be conducted during:

The term prognosis refers to the:

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease?

Which term is used to describe a new and secondary or additional problem that arises after the original disease is established?

Etiology is defined as the study of the:

The best definition of ischemia is:

All of the following statements are correct about cell damage EXCEPT:

If the data collected from the research process confirm that the new treatment has increased effectiveness and is safe,this is called:

Routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of:

A change in a tissue marked by cells that vary in size and shape and show increased mitotic figures would be called:

All of the following are part of the Seven Steps to Health EXCEPT:

Cell damage may be caused by exogenous sources such as:

Which of the following conditions distinguishes double blind studies used in health research?

Inflammation and Healing

Immunity and Abnormal Responses

Infection

Neoplasms

Fluid,electrolyte and Acid-Base Imbalances

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Diseases Associated With Adolescence

Potential Complications of Pregnancy

Aging and Disease Processes

Effects of Immobility

The Influence of Stress

Pain

Substance Abuse

Environmental Hazards

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Selected Therapies

Blood and Lymphatic Disorders

Cardiovascular Disorders

Respiratory Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Acute Neurological Disorders

Chronic Neurologic Disorders

Disorders of the Eye and Ear

Endocrine Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Skin Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

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