Question 1

The organization of cells from least to most complex is

Accepted Answer

A)  organ system,organ,tissue,cell. 
B)  cell,organ,tissue,organ system. 
C)  organs,organ system,tissue,cell. 
D)  cell,tissue,organ,organ system. 
E)  cell,tissue,organ system,organ. 
A)  organ system,organ,tissue,cell. 
B)  cell,organ,tissue,organ system. 
C)  organs,organ system,tissue,cell. 
D)  cell,tissue,organ,organ system. 
E)  cell,tissue,organ system,organ.

Question 2

At the end of the S phase,cells have ____ set(s)of genetic material,compared to a cell at the beginning of S phase.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 3

The difference between stem-cell transplants and regenerative stem-cell therapy is that

Accepted Answer

A)  stem-cell transplants involve stem cells differentiating into the type of cell they came from,whereas regenerative stem-cell therapy seeks to induce stem cells to become any type of cell. 
B)  regenerative stem-cell therapy involves stem cells differentiating into the type of cell they came from,whereas stem-cell transplants seek to induce stem cells to become any type of cell. 
C)  stem-cell transplants have already been successful,whereas there has not yet been a successful instance of regenerative stem-cell therapy. 
D)  regenerative stem-cell therapy has already been successful,whereas there has not yet been a successful instance of a stem-cell transplant. 
E)  stem cells used for transplants come from embryonic cells,whereas stem cells used for regenerative therapy come from adult cells. 
A)  stem-cell transplants involve stem cells differentiating into the type of cell they came from,whereas regenerative stem-cell therapy seeks to induce stem cells to become any type of cell. 
B)  regenerative stem-cell therapy involves stem cells differentiating into the type of cell they came from,whereas stem-cell transplants seek to induce stem cells to become any type of cell. 
C)  stem-cell transplants have already been successful,whereas there has not yet been a successful instance of regenerative stem-cell therapy. 
D)  regenerative stem-cell therapy has already been successful,whereas there has not yet been a successful instance of a stem-cell transplant. 
E)  stem cells used for transplants come from embryonic cells,whereas stem cells used for regenerative therapy come from adult cells.

Question 4

Differential gene expression is

Accepted Answer

A)  use of a unique set of genes in each cell type. 
B)  the pathway to a cell's specialization. 
C)  required for different cell types. 
D)  required for a cell's function and physical shape. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  use of a unique set of genes in each cell type. 
B)  the pathway to a cell's specialization. 
C)  required for different cell types. 
D)  required for a cell's function and physical shape. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 5

Relative to one of your liver cells,one of your skin cells has _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the same genome (i.e. ,the same genetic material) 
B)  the same function 
C)  a different pattern of gene expression 
D)  the same genome and a different pattern of gene expression 
E)  a different pattern of gene expression and the same function 
A)  the same genome (i.e. ,the same genetic material) 
B)  the same function 
C)  a different pattern of gene expression 
D)  the same genome and a different pattern of gene expression 
E)  a different pattern of gene expression and the same function

Question 6

Why do scientists pursue several methods to get stem cells to grow into specific tissue types?

Accepted Answer

A)  Science is not a collaborative work,so individuals must develop their own method of growing tissue types. 
B)  Each method or approach used in stem cell research adds to our knowledge of how stem cells work. 
C)  The more scientists are involved in stem cell research,the less people will think any research on embryos is unethical. 
D)  More research on stem cells will be less expensive,over the long term. 
E)  Scientists are trying to maximize their profit margin. 
A)  Science is not a collaborative work,so individuals must develop their own method of growing tissue types. 
B)  Each method or approach used in stem cell research adds to our knowledge of how stem cells work. 
C)  The more scientists are involved in stem cell research,the less people will think any research on embryos is unethical. 
D)  More research on stem cells will be less expensive,over the long term. 
E)  Scientists are trying to maximize their profit margin.

Question 7

A cell spends most of its time in

Accepted Answer

A)  metaphase. 
B)  telophase. 
C)  prophase. 
D)  anaphase. 
E)  interphase. 
A)  metaphase. 
B)  telophase. 
C)  prophase. 
D)  anaphase. 
E)  interphase.

Question 8

Which of the following places the phases of the cell cycle in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A)  metaphase,anaphase,telophase,prophase,interphase 
B)  interphase,prophase,metaphase,anaphase,telophase 
C)  interphase,metaphase,prophase,telophase,anaphase 
D)  prophase,metaphase,anaphase,cytokinesis,telophase 
E)  cytokinesis,telophase,metaphase,prophase,interphase 
A)  metaphase,anaphase,telophase,prophase,interphase 
B)  interphase,prophase,metaphase,anaphase,telophase 
C)  interphase,metaphase,prophase,telophase,anaphase 
D)  prophase,metaphase,anaphase,cytokinesis,telophase 
E)  cytokinesis,telophase,metaphase,prophase,interphase

Question 9

A newly divided cell grows to mature size during

Accepted Answer

A)  G1. 
B)  S. 
C)  G2. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  cytokinesis. 
A)  G1. 
B)  S. 
C)  G2. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  cytokinesis.

Question 10

Stem cells

Accepted Answer

A)  can only come from a fertilized egg. 
B)  are predesignated to become a particular type of cell. 
C)  cannot be collected because they are too difficult to isolate. 
D)  can become any type of cell given the proper signal. 
E)  can only come from one source. 
A)  can only come from a fertilized egg. 
B)  are predesignated to become a particular type of cell. 
C)  cannot be collected because they are too difficult to isolate. 
D)  can become any type of cell given the proper signal. 
E)  can only come from one source.

Question 11

Which statement applies to tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tissues contain a single cell type. 
B)  Each tissue has a specific function. 
C)  Cells within a tissue cooperate. 
D)  Tissues contain a single cell type,and cells within a tissue cooperate. 
E)  Cells within a tissue cooperate,and each tissue has a specific function. 
A)  Tissues contain a single cell type. 
B)  Each tissue has a specific function. 
C)  Cells within a tissue cooperate. 
D)  Tissues contain a single cell type,and cells within a tissue cooperate. 
E)  Cells within a tissue cooperate,and each tissue has a specific function.

Question 12

The term "differential gene expression" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  specialized cells transcribing all genes but only translating a few genes. 
B)  specialized cells translating all genes but only transcribing a few genes. 
C)  specialized cells transcribing and translating only a few genes. 
D)  specialized cells neither transcribing nor translating any genes in the genome. 
E)  specialized cells transcribing and translating every gene but then quickly destroying the proteins the cell does not need. 
A)  specialized cells transcribing all genes but only translating a few genes. 
B)  specialized cells translating all genes but only transcribing a few genes. 
C)  specialized cells transcribing and translating only a few genes. 
D)  specialized cells neither transcribing nor translating any genes in the genome. 
E)  specialized cells transcribing and translating every gene but then quickly destroying the proteins the cell does not need.

Question 13

The difficulties involved in growing a replacement organ include all of the following,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  scientists have not yet figured out how to make biodegradable scaffolds on which to grow the tissues. 
B)  organs are made from many different types of stem cells. 
C)  the larger the organ,the more complex it is. 
D)  most organs require other associated tissues,such as specialized nerves and muscles. 
E)  usually a biopsy is required to obtain the stem cells,thus resulting in multiple surgeries. 
A)  scientists have not yet figured out how to make biodegradable scaffolds on which to grow the tissues. 
B)  organs are made from many different types of stem cells. 
C)  the larger the organ,the more complex it is. 
D)  most organs require other associated tissues,such as specialized nerves and muscles. 
E)  usually a biopsy is required to obtain the stem cells,thus resulting in multiple surgeries.

Question 14

At what stage of mitosis do the spindle fibers shorten thereby pulling apart sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  interphase 
D)  anaphase 
E)  telophase 
A)  prophase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  interphase 
D)  anaphase 
E)  telophase

Question 15

In which stage(s)of mitosis would sister chromatids be connected by one centromere?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase and telophase 
B)  metaphase and telophase 
C)  prophase and metaphase 
D)  anaphase and telophase 
E)  telophase 
A)  prophase and telophase 
B)  metaphase and telophase 
C)  prophase and metaphase 
D)  anaphase and telophase 
E)  telophase

Question 16

A healthy cell spends most of its lifetime in

Accepted Answer

A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  G2 phase. 
C)  interphase. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  S phase. 
A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  G2 phase. 
C)  interphase. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  S phase.

Question 17

In stem cell therapy,________ is/are treated with drugs to cause stem cells to divide and differentiate.

Accepted Answer

A)  cells removed from a related donor 
B)  the patient 
C)  a cell donor 
D)  embryonic stem cells 
E)  cells removed from the patient 
A)  cells removed from a related donor 
B)  the patient 
C)  a cell donor 
D)  embryonic stem cells 
E)  cells removed from the patient

Question 18

Which stage of the cell cycle is the lengthiest?

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase 
B)  mitosis 
C)  cytokinesis 
D)  All the stages are equal in duration. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  interphase 
B)  mitosis 
C)  cytokinesis 
D)  All the stages are equal in duration. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 19

A cell that has matured into a specialized cell with a specific function is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  a stem cell. 
B)  an egg. 
C)  a somatic stem cell. 
D)  a differentiated cell. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  a stem cell. 
B)  an egg. 
C)  a somatic stem cell. 
D)  a differentiated cell. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 20

What was the major discovery in tissue engineering that advanced the field to where it is today?

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of scaffolds to grow organs 
B)  tissue antirejection techniques 
C)  stem-cell isolation from adult tissues 
D)  A and C 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  the use of scaffolds to grow organs 
B)  tissue antirejection techniques 
C)  stem-cell isolation from adult tissues 
D)  A and C 
E)  All of the above.

Exam 9: Cell Cycle and Cell Differentiation

The organization of cells from least to most complex is

At the end of the S phase,cells have ____ set(s)of genetic material,compared to a cell at the beginning of S phase.

The difference between stem-cell transplants and regenerative stem-cell therapy is that

Differential gene expression is

Relative to one of your liver cells,one of your skin cells has _____.

Why do scientists pursue several methods to get stem cells to grow into specific tissue types?

A cell spends most of its time in

Which of the following places the phases of the cell cycle in the correct order?

A newly divided cell grows to mature size during

Stem cells

Which statement applies to tissues?

The term "differential gene expression" refers to

The difficulties involved in growing a replacement organ include all of the following,EXCEPT

At what stage of mitosis do the spindle fibers shorten thereby pulling apart sister chromatids?

In which stage(s)of mitosis would sister chromatids be connected by one centromere?

A healthy cell spends most of its lifetime in

In stem cell therapy,________ is/are treated with drugs to cause stem cells to divide and differentiate.

Which stage of the cell cycle is the lengthiest?

A cell that has matured into a specialized cell with a specific function is referred to as

What was the major discovery in tissue engineering that advanced the field to where it is today?

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