Question 1

Although organ transplants are an available treatment option,which of the following describes potential risks of this approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  The demand for organs such as hearts,livers,and kidneys is greater than the supply. 
B)  Rejection of the transplanted organ can result in a loss of organ function or potential harm to the patient. 
C)  Transplantation surgeries do not always produce successful functional organs in the transplanted patient. 
D)  B and C 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  The demand for organs such as hearts,livers,and kidneys is greater than the supply. 
B)  Rejection of the transplanted organ can result in a loss of organ function or potential harm to the patient. 
C)  Transplantation surgeries do not always produce successful functional organs in the transplanted patient. 
D)  B and C 
E)  All of the above.

Question 2

Colchicine is a drug that interferes with microtubule formation.Microtubules are the structures that help separate sister chromatids.Which stage of the cell cycle would colchicine affect?

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase 
B)  mitosis 
C)  cytokinesis 
D)  S phase 
E)  all of the stages 
A)  interphase 
B)  mitosis 
C)  cytokinesis 
D)  S phase 
E)  all of the stages

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a stage of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  interphase 
D)  anaphase 
E)  telophase 
A)  prophase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  interphase 
D)  anaphase 
E)  telophase

Question 4

What is one major benefit of using drugs for regenerative therapy versus stem-cell therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Drug therapy is less invasive because it does not require surgery or injections. 
B)  Drugs can specifically target one cell,whereas stem-cell therapy is not specific. 
C)  Drug therapy uses cells from the patient,so side effects are unlikely. 
D)  Drug therapy has fewer side effects than stem-cell therapy. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  Drug therapy is less invasive because it does not require surgery or injections. 
B)  Drugs can specifically target one cell,whereas stem-cell therapy is not specific. 
C)  Drug therapy uses cells from the patient,so side effects are unlikely. 
D)  Drug therapy has fewer side effects than stem-cell therapy. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 5

Cell division is used for all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  replacing blood cells that have died. 
B)  production of hormones. 
C)  growth of a single cell into a baby. 
D)  growth of a child into an adult. 
E)  replacing skin cells separated by a paper cut. 
A)  replacing blood cells that have died. 
B)  production of hormones. 
C)  growth of a single cell into a baby. 
D)  growth of a child into an adult. 
E)  replacing skin cells separated by a paper cut.

Question 6

All of the following are true of stem cells,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  they can be induced to grow in the lab. 
B)  they show great potential for tissue and organ transplants. 
C)  they can differentiate into many types of tissues. 
D)  they are undifferentiated. 
E)  they are only found in embryos. 
A)  they can be induced to grow in the lab. 
B)  they show great potential for tissue and organ transplants. 
C)  they can differentiate into many types of tissues. 
D)  they are undifferentiated. 
E)  they are only found in embryos.

Question 7

Stem cells are found in

Accepted Answer

A)  bone marrow. 
B)  umbilical-cord blood. 
C)  brain tissue. 
D)  skin. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  bone marrow. 
B)  umbilical-cord blood. 
C)  brain tissue. 
D)  skin. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 8

Duplicated chromosomes are also known as sister

Accepted Answer

A)  chromatids. 
B)  chromosomes. 
C)  chromomeres. 
D)  centromeres. 
E)  centrioles. 
A)  chromatids. 
B)  chromosomes. 
C)  chromomeres. 
D)  centromeres. 
E)  centrioles.

Question 9

A biologist measures the amount of DNA in cells growing in a laboratory.She should find that the amount of DNA doubles

Accepted Answer

A)  during S phase. 
B)  at the end of G2 phase. 
C)  right after cytokinesis. 
D)  during mitosis. 
E)  in the middle of G1 phase. 
A)  during S phase. 
B)  at the end of G2 phase. 
C)  right after cytokinesis. 
D)  during mitosis. 
E)  in the middle of G1 phase.

Question 10

Microtubules attach to ________ on centromeres during mitosis.

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetochore proteins 
B)  DNA 
C)  mitotic spindles 
D)  checkpoints 
E)  nuclear membranes 
A)  kinetochore proteins 
B)  DNA 
C)  mitotic spindles 
D)  checkpoints 
E)  nuclear membranes

Question 11

Cytokinesis occurs in animal cells when

Accepted Answer

A)  the cell migrates from one location to another. 
B)  cell contents double in preparation for cell division. 
C)  the cell membrane pinches to form two separate cells. 
D)  when the DNA is degraded into small pieces and the cell dies. 
E)  a cancer-treatment therapy is designed to interrupt mitosis. 
A)  the cell migrates from one location to another. 
B)  cell contents double in preparation for cell division. 
C)  the cell membrane pinches to form two separate cells. 
D)  when the DNA is degraded into small pieces and the cell dies. 
E)  a cancer-treatment therapy is designed to interrupt mitosis.

Question 12

Sister chromatids begin separation during which phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  metaphase 
B)  prophase 
C)  telophase 
D)  anaphase 
E)  interphase 
A)  metaphase 
B)  prophase 
C)  telophase 
D)  anaphase 
E)  interphase

Question 13

As every cell in our body has the same genome,what is the basic difference between cells with unique functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  stem cells 
B)  the cell's genome 
C)  mitosis 
D)  cell differentiation 
E)  gene expression 
A)  stem cells 
B)  the cell's genome 
C)  mitosis 
D)  cell differentiation 
E)  gene expression

Question 14

Differential gene expression refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the process by which a cell can make multiple different proteins from a single gene. 
B)  the process by which a particular cell alters the protein made by a gene. 
C)  the process by which different cell types use different groups of genes to make protein. 
D)  the process by which different cell types use the same gene to make different proteins. 
E)  the process by which different cell types use different genes to make the same protein. 
A)  the process by which a cell can make multiple different proteins from a single gene. 
B)  the process by which a particular cell alters the protein made by a gene. 
C)  the process by which different cell types use different groups of genes to make protein. 
D)  the process by which different cell types use the same gene to make different proteins. 
E)  the process by which different cell types use different genes to make the same protein.

Question 15

Choose the list that gives the most correct and complete order of events during the cell cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  G1,S,G2,cytokinesis,and mitosis 
B)  G1,S,G2,and mitosis 
C)  mitosis,G1,S,G2,and cytokinesis 
D)  G1,G2,S,cytokinesis,and mitosis 
E)  G1,S,G2,mitosis,and cytokinesis 
A)  G1,S,G2,cytokinesis,and mitosis 
B)  G1,S,G2,and mitosis 
C)  mitosis,G1,S,G2,and cytokinesis 
D)  G1,G2,S,cytokinesis,and mitosis 
E)  G1,S,G2,mitosis,and cytokinesis

Question 16

In drawings of chromosomes,the "X" shape indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  the DNA has been replicated. 
B)  two sister chromatids exist. 
C)  cell division hasn't yet occurred. 
D)  the cell is probably ready for mitosis. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  the DNA has been replicated. 
B)  two sister chromatids exist. 
C)  cell division hasn't yet occurred. 
D)  the cell is probably ready for mitosis. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 17

Sister chromatids are NOT present during

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase. 
B)  DNA replication. 
C)  the cell cycle. 
D)  G1 stage of cell cycle. 
E)  S phase of cell cycle. 
A)  interphase. 
B)  DNA replication. 
C)  the cell cycle. 
D)  G1 stage of cell cycle. 
E)  S phase of cell cycle.

Question 18

The nuclear envelope breaks up,allowing spindle fibers to attach to chromosomes during

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase. 
B)  prophase. 
C)  metaphase. 
D)  anaphase. 
E)  telophase. 
A)  interphase. 
B)  prophase. 
C)  metaphase. 
D)  anaphase. 
E)  telophase.

Question 19

Chromosomes are duplicated during

Accepted Answer

A)  the G1 phase. 
B)  mitosis. 
C)  cytokinesis. 
D)  the G2 phase. 
E)  the S phase. 
A)  the G1 phase. 
B)  mitosis. 
C)  cytokinesis. 
D)  the G2 phase. 
E)  the S phase.

Exam 9: Cell Cycle and Cell Differentiation

Although organ transplants are an available treatment option,which of the following describes potential risks of this approach?

Colchicine is a drug that interferes with microtubule formation.Microtubules are the structures that help separate sister chromatids.Which stage of the cell cycle would colchicine affect?

Which of the following is NOT a stage of mitosis?

What is one major benefit of using drugs for regenerative therapy versus stem-cell therapy?

Cell division is used for all of the following EXCEPT

All of the following are true of stem cells,EXCEPT

Stem cells are found in

Duplicated chromosomes are also known as sister

A biologist measures the amount of DNA in cells growing in a laboratory.She should find that the amount of DNA doubles

Microtubules attach to ________ on centromeres during mitosis.

Cytokinesis occurs in animal cells when

Sister chromatids begin separation during which phase of the cell cycle?

As every cell in our body has the same genome,what is the basic difference between cells with unique functions?

Differential gene expression refers to

Choose the list that gives the most correct and complete order of events during the cell cycle.

In drawings of chromosomes,the "X" shape indicates that

Sister chromatids are NOT present during

The nuclear envelope breaks up,allowing spindle fibers to attach to chromosomes during

Chromosomes are duplicated during

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