Question 1

Which of the following types of mutations would NOT be advantageous for the survival of a cancer cell?

Accepted Answer

A) An inactivating mutation in a tumor suppressor gene 
B) An inactivating mutation in an oncogene 
C) An inactivating mutation in a gene that promotes apoptosis 
D) Methylation of the promoter of a tumor suppressor gene 
E) B and D 
A) An inactivating mutation in a tumor suppressor gene 
B) An inactivating mutation in an oncogene 
C) An inactivating mutation in a gene that promotes apoptosis 
D) Methylation of the promoter of a tumor suppressor gene 
E) B and D B

Question 2

Which of the following observations would support the Darwinian theory for the evolution of cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells of the same type isolated from a tumor are all found to have multiple identical mutations. 
B) Cells of the same type isolated from a tumor are found to be genetically distinct and have different types of mutations. 
C) Cells isolated from a tumor are all found to have an inactivating mutation in a gene that is normally pro-apoptotic. 
D) A and C. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Cells of the same type isolated from a tumor are all found to have multiple identical mutations. 
B) Cells of the same type isolated from a tumor are found to be genetically distinct and have different types of mutations. 
C) Cells isolated from a tumor are all found to have an inactivating mutation in a gene that is normally pro-apoptotic. 
D) A and C. 
E) None of the above. D

Question 3

Transformation of some types of human cells has been achieved through insertion of cloned genes coding for

Accepted Answer

A) Oncogenic H-Ras alone. 
B) SV40 early region and hTERT together. 
C) SV40 early region and oncogenic H-Ras together. 
D) hTERT and oncogenic H-Ras together. 
E) Oncogenic H-Ras,SV40 early region,and hTERT together. 
A) Oncogenic H-Ras alone. 
B) SV40 early region and hTERT together. 
C) SV40 early region and oncogenic H-Ras together. 
D) hTERT and oncogenic H-Ras together. 
E) Oncogenic H-Ras,SV40 early region,and hTERT together. E

Question 4

In experiments in which rat embryo fibroblasts were transfected with suspected oncogenes,introduction of which of the following genes transformed the cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Myc alone 
B) H-Ras alone 
C) E1A alone 
D) Both Myc and E1A together 
E) Both Myc and H-Ras together 
A) Myc alone 
B) H-Ras alone 
C) E1A alone 
D) Both Myc and E1A together 
E) Both Myc and H-Ras together

Question 5

When experimental mice are treated with DMBA and TPA to induce the formation of papillomas,TPA

Accepted Answer

A) Serves as the initiating agent. 
B) Serves as the promoting agent. 
C) Must be administered multiple times in order for papillomas to form. 
D) B and C. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Serves as the initiating agent. 
B) Serves as the promoting agent. 
C) Must be administered multiple times in order for papillomas to form. 
D) B and C. 
E) None of the above.

Question 6

Patients with colon cancer often exhibit loss of heterozygosity at specific chromosomal arms.These chromosomal regions most likely include genes that act as

Accepted Answer

A) Pro-apoptotic genes. 
B) Oncogenes. 
C) Tumor suppressors. 
D) Tumor promoters. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Pro-apoptotic genes. 
B) Oncogenes. 
C) Tumor suppressors. 
D) Tumor promoters. 
E) None of the above.

Question 7

A cell representing an intermediate between stem cells and their differentiated descendants is known as a

Accepted Answer

A) Precursor cell. 
B) Transit-amplifying/progenitor cell. 
C) Self-renewing stem cell. 
D) Post-mitotic cell. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Precursor cell. 
B) Transit-amplifying/progenitor cell. 
C) Self-renewing stem cell. 
D) Post-mitotic cell. 
E) None of the above.

Question 8

Which of the following is true of "complete carcinogens"?

Accepted Answer

A) They are capable of initiating tumorigenesis. 
B) They promote tumorigenesis. 
C) They can induce tumor formation in laboratory animals on their own without the application of additional chemicals. 
D) A,B,and C 
E) None of the above. 
A) They are capable of initiating tumorigenesis. 
B) They promote tumorigenesis. 
C) They can induce tumor formation in laboratory animals on their own without the application of additional chemicals. 
D) A,B,and C 
E) None of the above.

Question 9

The rate at which mutations occur in the cells within a tumor is most likely

Accepted Answer

A) The same as in normal cells of that tissue type. 
B) Less frequent than in normal cells of that tissue type. 
C) More frequent than in normal cells of that tissue type. 
D) Affected by genome instability within the tumor cells. 
E) C and D. 
A) The same as in normal cells of that tissue type. 
B) Less frequent than in normal cells of that tissue type. 
C) More frequent than in normal cells of that tissue type. 
D) Affected by genome instability within the tumor cells. 
E) C and D.

Question 10

Which of the following is thought to have tumor-promoting characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A) Helicobacter pylori 
B) Estrogen 
C) Testosterone 
D) Hepatitis B virus 
E) All of the above 
A) Helicobacter pylori 
B) Estrogen 
C) Testosterone 
D) Hepatitis B virus 
E) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following is characteristic of field cancerization?

Accepted Answer

A) A single tumor grows from a single mutant cell. 
B) Multiple tumors in an organ are separated by normal tissue. 
C) Multiple tumors in an organ share the same germ-line mutation. 
D) B and C. 
E) A,B,and C. 
A) A single tumor grows from a single mutant cell. 
B) Multiple tumors in an organ are separated by normal tissue. 
C) Multiple tumors in an organ share the same germ-line mutation. 
D) B and C. 
E) A,B,and C.

Question 12

The ability of cells to form a tumor is usually

Accepted Answer

A) The result of multiple mutations. 
B) Influenced by chemicals that are nonmutagenic but act as promoters. 
C) A quick process. 
D) A and B. 
E) None of the above. 
A) The result of multiple mutations. 
B) Influenced by chemicals that are nonmutagenic but act as promoters. 
C) A quick process. 
D) A and B. 
E) None of the above.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Inflammatory cells are often detected in tumor samples. 
B) Cancer often arises at sites of chronic inflammation. 
C) Use of NSAIDs has been associated with increased mortality from colorectal cancer. 
D) The inflammatory cytokine TNF has been shown to have direct transforming properties. 
E) Levels of macrophage infiltration in tumors have been negatively correlated with patient prognosis. 
A) Inflammatory cells are often detected in tumor samples. 
B) Cancer often arises at sites of chronic inflammation. 
C) Use of NSAIDs has been associated with increased mortality from colorectal cancer. 
D) The inflammatory cytokine TNF has been shown to have direct transforming properties. 
E) Levels of macrophage infiltration in tumors have been negatively correlated with patient prognosis.

Which of the following types of mutations would NOT be advantageous for the survival of a cancer cell?

Which of the following observations would support the Darwinian theory for the evolution of cancer cells?

Transformation of some types of human cells has been achieved through insertion of cloned genes coding for

In experiments in which rat embryo fibroblasts were transfected with suspected oncogenes,introduction of which of the following genes transformed the cells?

When experimental mice are treated with DMBA and TPA to induce the formation of papillomas,TPA

Patients with colon cancer often exhibit loss of heterozygosity at specific chromosomal arms.These chromosomal regions most likely include genes that act as

A cell representing an intermediate between stem cells and their differentiated descendants is known as a

Which of the following is true of "complete carcinogens"?

The rate at which mutations occur in the cells within a tumor is most likely

Which of the following is thought to have tumor-promoting characteristics?

Which of the following is characteristic of field cancerization?

The ability of cells to form a tumor is usually

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

The Biology and Genetics of Cells and Organisms

The Nature of Cancer

Tumor Viruses

Cellular Oncogenes

Growth Factors,receptors,and Cancer

Cytoplasmic Signaling Circuitry Programs Many of the Traits of Cancer

Tumor Suppressor Genes

Prb and Control of the Cell Cycle Clock

P53 and Apoptosis: Master Guardian and Executioner

Eternal Life: Cell Immortalization and Tumorigenesis

Maintenance of Genomic Integrity and the Development of Cancer

Dialogue Replaces Monologue: Heterotypic Interactions and the Biology of Angiogenesis

Moving Out: Invasion and Metastasis

Crowd Control: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy

The Rational Treatment of Cancer

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Exam 11: Multi-Step Tumorigenesis

Which of the following types of mutations would NOT be advantageous for the survival of a cancer cell?

Which of the following observations would support the Darwinian theory for the evolution of cancer cells?

Transformation of some types of human cells has been achieved through insertion of cloned genes coding for

In experiments in which rat embryo fibroblasts were transfected with suspected oncogenes,introduction of which of the following genes transformed the cells?

When experimental mice are treated with DMBA and TPA to induce the formation of papillomas,TPA

Patients with colon cancer often exhibit loss of heterozygosity at specific chromosomal arms.These chromosomal regions most likely include genes that act as

A cell representing an intermediate between stem cells and their differentiated descendants is known as a

Which of the following is true of "complete carcinogens"?

The rate at which mutations occur in the cells within a tumor is most likely

Which of the following is thought to have tumor-promoting characteristics?

Which of the following is characteristic of field cancerization?

The ability of cells to form a tumor is usually

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

The Biology and Genetics of Cells and Organisms

The Nature of Cancer

Tumor Viruses

Cellular Oncogenes

Growth Factors,receptors,and Cancer

Cytoplasmic Signaling Circuitry Programs Many of the Traits of Cancer

Tumor Suppressor Genes

Prb and Control of the Cell Cycle Clock

P53 and Apoptosis: Master Guardian and Executioner

Eternal Life: Cell Immortalization and Tumorigenesis

Maintenance of Genomic Integrity and the Development of Cancer

Dialogue Replaces Monologue: Heterotypic Interactions and the Biology of Angiogenesis

Moving Out: Invasion and Metastasis

Crowd Control: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy

The Rational Treatment of Cancer

Filters