Question 1

Breakage-fusion-bridge BFB)cycles may help drive tumorigenesis by

Accepted Answer

A) Shortening telomeric DNA. 
B) Driving cellular proliferation. 
C) Promoting telomere instability. 
D) Providing a means for cells to acquire additional mutations. 
E) Increasing expression levels of hTERT. 
A) Shortening telomeric DNA. 
B) Driving cellular proliferation. 
C) Promoting telomere instability. 
D) Providing a means for cells to acquire additional mutations. 
E) Increasing expression levels of hTERT. D

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of human senescent cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Heterochromatic foci present in the nucleus 
B) Positive staining for Ki67 
C) Large cytoplasm 
D) "Fried egg" appearance in culture 
E) None of the above 
A) Heterochromatic foci present in the nucleus 
B) Positive staining for Ki67 
C) Large cytoplasm 
D) "Fried egg" appearance in culture 
E) None of the above B

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT commonly present at high levels in senescent cells?

Accepted Answer

A) p16INK4A 
B) p21Cip1 
C) SV40 large T antigen 
D) β-galactosidase enzyme 
E) None of the above 
A) p16INK4A 
B) p21Cip1 
C) SV40 large T antigen 
D) β-galactosidase enzyme 
E) None of the above C

Question 4

Which of the following proteins is NOT part of the shelterin complex?

Accepted Answer

A) TRF1 
B) TRF2 
C) POT1 
D) TIN2 
E) None of the above 
A) TRF1 
B) TRF2 
C) POT1 
D) TIN2 
E) None of the above

Question 5

Why does loss of telomerase activity in humans lead to severe phenotypes in the first generation,while loss of telomerase activity in laboratory mice takes several generations to exhibit any sort of phenotype?

Accepted Answer

A) Mouse cells have shorter telomeres. 
B) Human cells have shorter telomeres. 
C) Mouse cells express higher levels of hTERT. 
D) Human cells express higher levels of hTERT. 
E) The length of mouse telomeres does not change over time. 
A) Mouse cells have shorter telomeres. 
B) Human cells have shorter telomeres. 
C) Mouse cells express higher levels of hTERT. 
D) Human cells express higher levels of hTERT. 
E) The length of mouse telomeres does not change over time.

Question 6

Which of the following mechanisms would NOT contribute to cancer cell transformation?

Accepted Answer

A) Erosion of telomeric DNA 
B) Regeneration of telomeric DNA through the ALT mechanism 
C) Repeated breakage-fusion-bridge BF
B) cycles 
D) Stabilization of telomeres 
E) Increased expression of telomerase 
A) Erosion of telomeric DNA 
B) Regeneration of telomeric DNA through the ALT mechanism 
C) Repeated breakage-fusion-bridge BF
B) cycles 
D) Stabilization of telomeres 
E) Increased expression of telomerase

Question 7

Human cancer cells that lack telomerase activity may

Accepted Answer

A) Be in crisis. 
B) Have shorter telomeric repeat sequences. 
C) Demonstrate the exchange of sequence information between telomeres through unequal crossing over. 
D) Undergo chromosomal translocations. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Be in crisis. 
B) Have shorter telomeric repeat sequences. 
C) Demonstrate the exchange of sequence information between telomeres through unequal crossing over. 
D) Undergo chromosomal translocations. 
E) All of the above.

Question 8

In normal cells,the telomeric DNA sequences

Accepted Answer

A) Get shorter with successive cell generations. 
B) Get longer with successive cell generations. 
C) Remain unchanged throughout successive cell generations. 
D) Disappear after the first generation of daughter cells. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Get shorter with successive cell generations. 
B) Get longer with successive cell generations. 
C) Remain unchanged throughout successive cell generations. 
D) Disappear after the first generation of daughter cells. 
E) None of the above.

Question 9

Which of the following is MOST likely true of aggressively dividing cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

A) They do not express telomerase. 
B) They do not express hTERT. 
C) They are in a state of cell crisis. 
D) Their telomeres are stabilized not shortening with each cellular division). 
E) None of the above. 
A) They do not express telomerase. 
B) They do not express hTERT. 
C) They are in a state of cell crisis. 
D) Their telomeres are stabilized not shortening with each cellular division). 
E) None of the above.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Senescent cells can be induced to proliferate. 
B) Senescent cells are viable. 
C) Senescent cells are undergoing cell death. 
D) Senescence is a key step in promoting neoplastic proliferation. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Senescent cells can be induced to proliferate. 
B) Senescent cells are viable. 
C) Senescent cells are undergoing cell death. 
D) Senescence is a key step in promoting neoplastic proliferation. 
E) None of the above.

Question 11

Some cancer cells escape crisis by

Accepted Answer

A) Overexpressing hTERT. 
B) Activating the ALT mechanism. 
C) Shortening their telomeres. 
D) A and B. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Overexpressing hTERT. 
B) Activating the ALT mechanism. 
C) Shortening their telomeres. 
D) A and B. 
E) None of the above.

Question 12

The structures located at the ends of chromosomes for protection and for prevention of end-to-end fusion are known as

Accepted Answer

A) Centromeres. 
B) Telomeres. 
C) Telocaps. 
D) Shields. 
E) Chromosome end clocks. 
A) Centromeres. 
B) Telomeres. 
C) Telocaps. 
D) Shields. 
E) Chromosome end clocks.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of aging cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Lengthening of telomeric DNA sequence 
B) Increased telomere erosion 
C) Accumulation of telomere-dysfunction-induced foci TIFs) 
D) B and C 
E) None of the above 
A) Lengthening of telomeric DNA sequence 
B) Increased telomere erosion 
C) Accumulation of telomere-dysfunction-induced foci TIFs) 
D) B and C 
E) None of the above

Breakage-fusion-bridge BFB)cycles may help drive tumorigenesis by

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of human senescent cells?

Which of the following is NOT commonly present at high levels in senescent cells?

Which of the following proteins is NOT part of the shelterin complex?

Why does loss of telomerase activity in humans lead to severe phenotypes in the first generation,while loss of telomerase activity in laboratory mice takes several generations to exhibit any sort of phenotype?

Which of the following mechanisms would NOT contribute to cancer cell transformation?

Human cancer cells that lack telomerase activity may

In normal cells,the telomeric DNA sequences

Which of the following is MOST likely true of aggressively dividing cancer cells?

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Some cancer cells escape crisis by

The structures located at the ends of chromosomes for protection and for prevention of end-to-end fusion are known as

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of aging cells?

The Biology and Genetics of Cells and Organisms

The Nature of Cancer

Tumor Viruses

Cellular Oncogenes

Growth Factors,receptors,and Cancer

Cytoplasmic Signaling Circuitry Programs Many of the Traits of Cancer

Tumor Suppressor Genes

Prb and Control of the Cell Cycle Clock

P53 and Apoptosis: Master Guardian and Executioner

Multi-Step Tumorigenesis

Maintenance of Genomic Integrity and the Development of Cancer

Dialogue Replaces Monologue: Heterotypic Interactions and the Biology of Angiogenesis

Moving Out: Invasion and Metastasis

Crowd Control: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy

The Rational Treatment of Cancer

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Exam 10: Eternal Life: Cell Immortalization and Tumorigenesis

Breakage-fusion-bridge BFB)cycles may help drive tumorigenesis by

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of human senescent cells?

Which of the following is NOT commonly present at high levels in senescent cells?

Which of the following proteins is NOT part of the shelterin complex?

Why does loss of telomerase activity in humans lead to severe phenotypes in the first generation,while loss of telomerase activity in laboratory mice takes several generations to exhibit any sort of phenotype?

Which of the following mechanisms would NOT contribute to cancer cell transformation?

Human cancer cells that lack telomerase activity may

In normal cells,the telomeric DNA sequences

Which of the following is MOST likely true of aggressively dividing cancer cells?

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Some cancer cells escape crisis by

The structures located at the ends of chromosomes for protection and for prevention of end-to-end fusion are known as

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of aging cells?

The Biology and Genetics of Cells and Organisms

The Nature of Cancer

Tumor Viruses

Cellular Oncogenes

Growth Factors,receptors,and Cancer

Cytoplasmic Signaling Circuitry Programs Many of the Traits of Cancer

Tumor Suppressor Genes

Prb and Control of the Cell Cycle Clock

P53 and Apoptosis: Master Guardian and Executioner

Multi-Step Tumorigenesis

Maintenance of Genomic Integrity and the Development of Cancer

Dialogue Replaces Monologue: Heterotypic Interactions and the Biology of Angiogenesis

Moving Out: Invasion and Metastasis

Crowd Control: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy

The Rational Treatment of Cancer

Filters