Exam 5: Learning

Reinforcement experienced by models that affects the willingness of others to perform the behavior they learned by observing those models is called ________ reinforcement.

A box used in operant conditioning of animals, which limits the available responses and thus increases the likelihood that the desired response will occur, is called a ________ box.

Watson's Little Albert study demonstrated the effectiveness of classical conditioning in humans.

Classical conditioning can also occur in humans. Often advertisers use comedy in a commercial to evoke a positive emotion, then flash the company's logo at a consumer. With repeated pairings, the logo creates a positive emotion. In this situation, the company's logo is the _________.

Any stimulus that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated is called a ________.

Perry works at a job where he is paid by commission. For every car Perry sells, he gets 10 percent of the profits. Perry is being reinforced on a ________.

An unruly child has become conditioned to fear the sight of the principal's door. Over the past month, however, the child had no contacts with the principal. Now the child will probably ________.

The type of learning that involves a sudden coming together of the elements of a situation so that the solution to a problem is instantly clear is ________.

The distinction between ________, on the one hand, and ________, on the other, is of central importance to social learning theorists.

A girl learns that whenever her older brother shares his cookie with her, her mother gives him a piece of candy. The girl's learning is a demonstration of ________.

Sara has found that when she opens the cupboard door to get the cat food, the cats come running to the kitchen. Sara knows that this is classical conditioning and that the conditioned response is the ________.

A variable-ratio schedule produces a high response rate over a long period of time.

Mary Cover Jones first demonstrated that children's fears can be ________.

Classical conditioning has been demonstrated ________.

If a person is paid at the end of each work week, the reinforcement schedule would be ________.