Question 1

One of the disadvantages of simulation is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  does not allow for very complex problem solutions. 
B)  is not very flexible. 
C)  is a trial-and-error approach that may produce different solutions in different runs. 
D)  is very limited in the type of probability distribution that can be used. 
E)  interferes with the production systems while the program is being run. 
A)  does not allow for very complex problem solutions. 
B)  is not very flexible. 
C)  is a trial-and-error approach that may produce different solutions in different runs. 
D)  is very limited in the type of probability distribution that can be used. 
E)  interferes with the production systems while the program is being run.

Question 2

Simulation can use any probability distribution that the user defines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A distribution of service times at a waiting line indicates that service takes 12 minutes 30% of the time and 14 minutes 70% of the time. In preparing this distribution for Monte Carlo analysis, the service time 13 minutes would be represented by the random number range

Accepted Answer

A)  00 through 29. 
B)  01 through 30. 
C)  30 through 99. 
D)  31 through 00. 
E)  None of these; 13 minutes is not a possible outcome. 
A)  00 through 29. 
B)  01 through 30. 
C)  30 through 99. 
D)  31 through 00. 
E)  None of these; 13 minutes is not a possible outcome.

Question 4

Which of the following is a necessity for common EOQ methodology but not simulations?

Accepted Answer

A)  constant lead time 
B)  variable demand 
C)  variable holding costs 
D)  A and B 
E)  A, B and C 
A)  constant lead time 
B)  variable demand 
C)  variable holding costs 
D)  A and B 
E)  A, B and C

Question 5

A warehouse manager needs to simulate the demand placed on a product that does not fit standard models. The concept being measured is "demand during lead time," where both lead time and daily demand are variable. The historical record for this product suggests the following probability distribution. Convert this distribution into random number intervals.
 $$\begin{array} { | c | c | } 
\hline \text { Demand during lead time } & \text { Probability } \
\hline 100 & .02 \
\hline 120 & .15 \
\hline 140 & .25 \
\hline 160 & .15 \
\hline 180 & .13 \
\hline 200 & .30 \
\hline
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

The answer of A warehouse manager needs to simulate the...

Question 6

________ is the attempt to duplicate the features, appearance, and characteristics of a real system, usually by means of a computerized model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the attempt to duplicate the...

Question 7

Simulation has numerous applications in modern business, but few of these are in the area of operations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Historical records on a certain product indicate the following behavior for demand. The data represent the number days that the business was open during 2019 (note that it is possible to have more than 365 days as there are multiple store locations). Convert these data into random number intervals.
 $$\begin{array} { | r | r | } 
\hline \text { Demand } & \text { Frequency } \
\hline 43 & 51 \
\hline 44 & 82 \
\hline 45 & 111 \
\hline 46 & 99 \
\hline 47 & 74 \
\hline
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

The answer of Historical records on a certain product indicate...

Question 9

Sam's hardware store has an order policy of ordering 12 liters of a specific primer whenever 7 liters are on hand (unless there's already an ordered delivery due). The store would like to see how well their policy works. Assume that beginning inventory in period 1 is 10 units, that orders are placed at the end of the week to be received one week later. (In other words, if an order is placed at the end of week one, it is available at the beginning of week 3.) Assume that if inventory is not on hand, it will result in a lost sale. The weekly demand distribution obtained from past sales is found in the table below. Also, use the random numbers that are provided and simulate 10 weeks worth of sales. How many sales are lost?
 $$\begin{array} { | c | c | } 
\hline \text { Weekly sales } & \text { Probability } \
\hline 3 & .20 \
\hline 4 & .30 \
\hline 5 & .20 \
\hline 6 & .20 \
\hline
\end{array}$$ Random numbers for sales: 37, 60, 79, 21, 85, 71, 48, 39, 31, 35

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& @#IMG-DLM& Over the 10 weeks

Question 10

One of the advantages of simulation is that

Accepted Answer

A)  it is much less expensive than a mathematical solution. 
B)  it always generates a more accurate solution than a mathematical solution. 
C)  it can study the interactive effects of individual components or variables. 
D)  model development is less time consuming than for mathematical models. 
E)  model solutions are transferable to a wide variety of problems. 
A)  it is much less expensive than a mathematical solution. 
B)  it always generates a more accurate solution than a mathematical solution. 
C)  it can study the interactive effects of individual components or variables. 
D)  model development is less time consuming than for mathematical models. 
E)  model solutions are transferable to a wide variety of problems.

Question 11

A distribution of service times at a waiting line shows that service takes 6 minutes 40% of the time, 7 minutes 30% of the time, 8 minutes 20% of the time, and 9 minutes 10% of the time. Prepare the probability distribution, the cumulative probability distribution, and the random number intervals for this problem.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A distribution of service times at a...

Question 12

Complete the following table in preparation for a Monte Carlo simulation. The expected demand is 3.52.
 $$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | } 
\hline \text { Demand } & \text { Probability } & \begin{array} { c } 
\text { Cumulative } \
\text { Probability }
\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } 
\text { Interval of Random } \
\text { Numbers }
\end{array} \
\hline 0 & & .1 & \
\hline 2 & & & 11 - 23 \
\hline 3 & & .5 & \
\hline 4 & & & \
\hline & & & 86 - 00 \
\hline
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& Students should have only moderate diff

Question 13

A distribution of service times at a waiting line indicates that service takes 12 minutes 30% of the time and 14 minutes 70% of the time. Prepare the probability distribution, the cumulative probability distribution, and the random number intervals for this problem. The first six random numbers were 99, 29, 27, 75, 89, and 78. What is the average service time for this simulation run?

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& The average service

Question 14

By starting random number intervals at 01, not 00, the top of each range is the cumulative probability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A simulation model is designed to arrive at a single specific numerical answer to a given problem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Setting up a probability distribution, building a cumulative probability distribution, and generating random numbers are

Accepted Answer

A)  necessary when the underlying probability distribution is normal. 
B)  three of the five steps in Monte Carlo analysis. 
C)  elements of physical simulation but not mathematical simulation. 
D)  the three steps involved in simulating a queuing problem. 
E)  advantages of simulation. 
A)  necessary when the underlying probability distribution is normal. 
B)  three of the five steps in Monte Carlo analysis. 
C)  elements of physical simulation but not mathematical simulation. 
D)  the three steps involved in simulating a queuing problem. 
E)  advantages of simulation.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a disadvantage to simulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Time compression 
B)  Expensive, can take months to develop 
C)  Trial and error approach 
D)  All input must be user generated. 
E)  All of these are disadvantages to simulation. 
A)  Time compression 
B)  Expensive, can take months to develop 
C)  Trial and error approach 
D)  All input must be user generated. 
E)  All of these are disadvantages to simulation.

Question 18

What is the cumulative probability distribution of the following variable? $$\begin{array} {| l | l | } 
\hline \text { Tires Sold } & \text { Probability } \
\hline 0 & 1 \
\hline 1 & 2 \
\hline 2 & 15 \
\hline 3 & 3 \
\hline 4 & 25 \
\hline
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  .5 
C)  10 
D)  .2 
E)  15 
A)  1 
B)  .5 
C)  10 
D)  .2 
E)  15

Question 19

From a portion of a probability distribution, you read that P(demand = 0) is 0.05, P(demand = 1) is 0.10, and P(demand = 2) is 0.20. The two-digit random number intervals for this distribution beginning with 01 are

Accepted Answer

A)  01 through 05, 01 through 10, and 01 through 20. 
B)  00 through 04, 05 through 14, and 15 through 34. 
C)  01 through 05, 06 through 15, and 16 through 35. 
D)  00 through 04, 00 through 09, and 00 through 19. 
E)  01 through 06, 07 through 16, and 17 through 36. 
A)  01 through 05, 01 through 10, and 01 through 20. 
B)  00 through 04, 05 through 14, and 15 through 34. 
C)  01 through 05, 06 through 15, and 16 through 35. 
D)  00 through 04, 00 through 09, and 00 through 19. 
E)  01 through 06, 07 through 16, and 17 through 36.

Question 20

Simulation is used for several reasons, including

Accepted Answer

A)  model development is a fast process. 
B)  it is inexpensive. 
C)  the models are usually simple. 
D)  it can handle large and complex real-world problems. 
E)  it always generates optimal solutions. 
A)  model development is a fast process. 
B)  it is inexpensive. 
C)  the models are usually simple. 
D)  it can handle large and complex real-world problems. 
E)  it always generates optimal solutions.

Exam 23: Simulation

One of the disadvantages of simulation is that it

Simulation can use any probability distribution that the user defines.

A distribution of service times at a waiting line indicates that service takes 12 minutes 30% of the time and 14 minutes 70% of the time. In preparing this distribution for Monte Carlo analysis, the service time 13 minutes would be represented by the random number range

Which of the following is a necessity for common EOQ methodology but not simulations?

________ is the attempt to duplicate the features, appearance, and characteristics of a real system, usually by means of a computerized model.

Simulation has numerous applications in modern business, but few of these are in the area of operations.

One of the advantages of simulation is that

Complete the following table in preparation for a Monte Carlo simulation. The expected demand is 3.52. Demand Probability Cumulative Probability Interval of Random Numbers 0 .1 2 11-23 3 .5 4 86-00

By starting random number intervals at 01, not 00, the top of each range is the cumulative probability.

A simulation model is designed to arrive at a single specific numerical answer to a given problem.

Setting up a probability distribution, building a cumulative probability distribution, and generating random numbers are

Which of the following is not a disadvantage to simulation?

What is the cumulative probability distribution of the following variable? Tires Sold Probability 0 1 1 2 2 15 3 3 4 25

From a portion of a probability distribution, you read that P(demand = 0) is 0.05, P(demand = 1) is 0.10, and P(demand = 2) is 0.20. The two-digit random number intervals for this distribution beginning with 01 are

Simulation is used for several reasons, including

Operations and Productivity

Operations Strategy in a Global Environment

Project Management

Forecasting

Design of Goods and Services

Managing Quality

Process Strategy and Sustainability

Location Strategies

Layout Strategies

Human Resources, Job Design, and Work Measurement

Supply-Chain Management

Inventory Management

Aggregate Planning

Material Requirements Planning Mrp and Erp

Short-Term Scheduling

Lean Operations

Maintenance and Reliability

Decision-Making Tools

Linear Programming

Transportation Models

Waiting-Line Models

Learning Curves

Supply Chain Management Analytics

Sustainability in the Supply Chain

Statistical Process Control

Capacity and Constraint Management

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