Question 1

Which neurotransmitter is released when a patient's parasympathetic motor neurons are stimulated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epinephrine 
B)  Serotonin 
C)  Acetylcholine 
D)  Substance P 
A)  Epinephrine 
B)  Serotonin 
C)  Acetylcholine 
D)  Substance P

Question 2

A 19-year-old college student reports to his primary care provider that he cannot stay awake in class regardless of how much sleep he gets.Under-stimulation of which area of the brain is likely the site of the problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Corpora quadrigemina 
B)  Reticular activating system 
C)  Cerebellum 
D)  Hypothalamus 
A)  Corpora quadrigemina 
B)  Reticular activating system 
C)  Cerebellum 
D)  Hypothalamus

Question 3

Which of the following is a neuroglial cell? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  Astrocyte 
B)  Oligodendrocyte 
C)  Neuron 
D)  Ependymal cell 
E)  Melanocyte 
A)  Astrocyte 
B)  Oligodendrocyte 
C)  Neuron 
D)  Ependymal cell 
E)  Melanocyte

Question 4

A neurologist is teaching about sensory pathways.Which information should the neurologist include? Sensory pathways in the spinal cord to the thalamus are included in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  corticospinal tract. 
B)  pyramids. 
C)  spinothalamic tract. 
D)  anterior column. 
A)  corticospinal tract. 
B)  pyramids. 
C)  spinothalamic tract. 
D)  anterior column.

Question 5

What type of cell supports the forming of the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endothelial 
B)  Schwann 
C)  Oligodendrocyte 
D)  Astrocyte 
A)  Endothelial 
B)  Schwann 
C)  Oligodendrocyte 
D)  Astrocyte

Question 6

Which action will occur when a patient's α1-receptors are stimulated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dilation of the coronary arteries 
B)  Vasoconstriction of arteries 
C)  Increase in the strength of myocardial contraction 
D)  Decrease in the rate of myocardial contraction 
A)  Dilation of the coronary arteries 
B)  Vasoconstriction of arteries 
C)  Increase in the strength of myocardial contraction 
D)  Decrease in the rate of myocardial contraction

Question 7

A patient begins taking a new drug that causes pupil dilation, vasoconstriction, decreased gastrointestinal motility, and goose bumps.Which of the following receptors are activated?

Accepted Answer

A)  α1 
B)  A2 
C)  β1 
D)  B2 
A)  α1 
B)  A2 
C)  β1 
D)  B2

Question 8

When a presynaptic neuron is stimulated in a patient's body by an electrical current, neurotransmitters are released from the:

Accepted Answer

A)  synapse. 
B)  synaptic bouton. 
C)  synaptic cleft. 
D)  receptor. 
A)  synapse. 
B)  synaptic bouton. 
C)  synaptic cleft. 
D)  receptor.

Question 9

What term should the nurse use when talking about the outermost membrane surrounding the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dura mater 
B)  Arachnoid mater 
C)  Pia mater 
D)  Falx cerebri 
A)  Dura mater 
B)  Arachnoid mater 
C)  Pia mater 
D)  Falx cerebri

Question 10

Blockage of which of the following would cause hydrocephalus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cerebral aqueduct 
B)  Inferior colliculi 
C)  Red nucleus 
D)  Tegmentum 
A)  Cerebral aqueduct 
B)  Inferior colliculi 
C)  Red nucleus 
D)  Tegmentum

Question 11

A nurse recalls that characteristics of upper motor neurons include:

Accepted Answer

A)  directly innervating muscles. 
B)  influencing and modifying spinal reflex arcs. 
C)  cell bodies located in the gray matter of the spinal cord. 
D)  dendritic processes extending out of the CNS. 
A)  directly innervating muscles. 
B)  influencing and modifying spinal reflex arcs. 
C)  cell bodies located in the gray matter of the spinal cord. 
D)  dendritic processes extending out of the CNS.

Question 12

If a neuron's membrane potential is held close to the threshold potential by excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs), the neuron is said to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperpolarized. 
B)  facilitated. 
C)  integrated. 
D)  inhibited. 
A)  hyperpolarized. 
B)  facilitated. 
C)  integrated. 
D)  inhibited.

Question 13

Neurotransmitters interact with the postsynaptic membrane by binding to which structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Receptor 
B)  Nissl body 
C)  Glial cell 
D)  Neurofibril 
A)  Receptor 
B)  Nissl body 
C)  Glial cell 
D)  Neurofibril

Question 14

When a nurse is teaching about the transverse fiber tract that connects the two cerebral hemispheres, what term should the nurse use?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peduncle 
B)  Corpus callosum 
C)  Basal ganglia 
D)  Pons 
A)  Peduncle 
B)  Corpus callosum 
C)  Basal ganglia 
D)  Pons

Question 15

A nurse is monitoring intracranial pressure.A nurse recalls the normal upper limit of intracranial pressure is _______ mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is monitoring intracranial pressure.A nurse...

Question 16

When a student asks in which region of the neuron do nerve impulses travel the fastest, how should the nurse respond? The:

Accepted Answer

A)  large axon. 
B)  axon hillock. 
C)  cell body. 
D)  dendrites. 
A)  large axon. 
B)  axon hillock. 
C)  cell body. 
D)  dendrites.

Question 17

A nurse is preparing to teach about nerves.Which information should the nurse include? The axon leaves the cell body at the:

Accepted Answer

A)  axon hillock. 
B)  Nissl body. 
C)  node of Ranvier. 
D)  myelin sheath. 
A)  axon hillock. 
B)  Nissl body. 
C)  node of Ranvier. 
D)  myelin sheath.

Question 18

A patient presents with altered respiratory patterns following head trauma.Based on the symptoms, which of the following areas does the nurse suspect is injured?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cerebrum 
B)  Cerebellum 
C)  Midbrain 
D)  Reticular formation 
A)  Cerebrum 
B)  Cerebellum 
C)  Midbrain 
D)  Reticular formation

Question 19

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)can accumulate around the brain when there is injury to the sites of CSF reabsorption, which are called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  arachnoid villi. 
B)  epidural foramina. 
C)  lateral apertures. 
D)  choroid plexuses. 
A)  arachnoid villi. 
B)  epidural foramina. 
C)  lateral apertures. 
D)  choroid plexuses.

Exam 13: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Which neurotransmitter is released when a patient's parasympathetic motor neurons are stimulated?

A 19-year-old college student reports to his primary care provider that he cannot stay awake in class regardless of how much sleep he gets.Under-stimulation of which area of the brain is likely the site of the problem?

Which of the following is a neuroglial cell? (select all that apply)

A neurologist is teaching about sensory pathways.Which information should the neurologist include? Sensory pathways in the spinal cord to the thalamus are included in the:

What type of cell supports the forming of the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?

Which action will occur when a patient's α1-receptors are stimulated?

A patient begins taking a new drug that causes pupil dilation, vasoconstriction, decreased gastrointestinal motility, and goose bumps.Which of the following receptors are activated?

When a presynaptic neuron is stimulated in a patient's body by an electrical current, neurotransmitters are released from the:

What term should the nurse use when talking about the outermost membrane surrounding the brain?

Blockage of which of the following would cause hydrocephalus?

A nurse recalls that characteristics of upper motor neurons include:

If a neuron's membrane potential is held close to the threshold potential by excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs), the neuron is said to be:

Neurotransmitters interact with the postsynaptic membrane by binding to which structure?

When a nurse is teaching about the transverse fiber tract that connects the two cerebral hemispheres, what term should the nurse use?

A nurse is monitoring intracranial pressure.A nurse recalls the normal upper limit of intracranial pressure is _______ mm Hg.

When a student asks in which region of the neuron do nerve impulses travel the fastest, how should the nurse respond? The:

A nurse is preparing to teach about nerves.Which information should the nurse include? The axon leaves the cell body at the:

A patient presents with altered respiratory patterns following head trauma.Based on the symptoms, which of the following areas does the nurse suspect is injured?

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)can accumulate around the brain when there is injury to the sites of CSF reabsorption, which are called the:

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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Which action will occur when a patient's α₁-receptors are stimulated?