Question 1

Compare bacteriophage lytic and lysogenic cycles.

Accepted Answer

After bacteriophage infections, the vira

Question 2

Describe how Okazaki fragments allow for simultaneous synthesis of double-stranded DNA.

Accepted Answer

For double-stranded DNA to be continuous

Question 3

The complete complex that contains the enzymes and proteins required to replicate DNA is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  primase. 
B)  polymerase. 
C)  replisome. 
D)  DNA gyrase. 
A)  primase. 
B)  polymerase. 
C)  replisome. 
D)  DNA gyrase.

Question 4

Describe the HIV infection cycle.

Accepted Answer

The HIV infection (as shown in Figure 20

Question 5

The role of Mg2+ in DNA replication is to the incoming deoxynucleotide.

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilize the positive charges on 
B)  act as a nucleophile to attack the $\alpha$-phosphoryl group in 
C)  stabilize the negative charges on 
D)  protonate 
A)  stabilize the positive charges on 
B)  act as a nucleophile to attack the $\alpha$-phosphoryl group in 
C)  stabilize the negative charges on 
D)  protonate

Question 6

Individuals with mutations of BRCA have increased incidence of cancer because of their

Accepted Answer

A)  increased ability to form pyrimidine dimers. 
B)  decreased ability to repair single-strand DNA breaks. 
C)  decreased ability to repair double-strand DNA breaks. 
D)  increased ability to form methylated guanine. 
A)  increased ability to form pyrimidine dimers. 
B)  decreased ability to repair single-strand DNA breaks. 
C)  decreased ability to repair double-strand DNA breaks. 
D)  increased ability to form methylated guanine.

Question 7

DNA photolyase specifically seeks out what kind of DNA damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  base mismatch 
B)  abasic sites 
C)  pyrimidine dimers 
D)  phosphorylated base 
A)  base mismatch 
B)  abasic sites 
C)  pyrimidine dimers 
D)  phosphorylated base

Question 8

When do somatic mutations occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  G1 phase 
B)  S phase 
C)  G2 phase 
D)  after zygote formation 
A)  G1 phase 
B)  S phase 
C)  G2 phase 
D)  after zygote formation

Question 9

Compare the two different outcomes of cytosine deamination as replication proceeds.

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& As shown in Figure 20.34, there are two

Question 10

If a strand of DNA has a large lesion that distorts the helical nature of the DNA, what would be the mechanism of repair?

Accepted Answer

A)  mismatch repair 
B)  abasic repair 
C)  base excision 
D)  nucleotide excision 
A)  mismatch repair 
B)  abasic repair 
C)  base excision 
D)  nucleotide excision

Question 11

Tus-Ter terminates DNA synthesis by

Accepted Answer

A)  breaking the single-strand DNA and preventing further synthesis. 
B)  forcing the primase to dissociate. 
C)  blocking the opening of helicase. 
D)  methylating the DNA strand. 
A)  breaking the single-strand DNA and preventing further synthesis. 
B)  forcing the primase to dissociate. 
C)  blocking the opening of helicase. 
D)  methylating the DNA strand.

Question 12

Semiconservative, as it relates to DNA replication, can be defined as when the original duplex DNA template

Accepted Answer

A)  remains intact to make a new DNA duplex. 
B)  is broken into fragments. 
C)  is separated into single strands before replications. 
D)  can only be replicated once. 
A)  remains intact to make a new DNA duplex. 
B)  is broken into fragments. 
C)  is separated into single strands before replications. 
D)  can only be replicated once.

Question 13

Explain the mechanism of nucleotide excision repair.

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide excision repair is initiated

Question 14

The most common DNA mutation is the substitution of one base for another. What is the likely outcome from that mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased DNA replication 
B)  an alteration of the protein's coding sequence 
C)  prevention of further synthesis 
D)  cell death 
A)  increased DNA replication 
B)  an alteration of the protein's coding sequence 
C)  prevention of further synthesis 
D)  cell death

Question 15

Methenyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) absorbs light to form *MTHF. What does the star on MTHF signify?

Accepted Answer

A)  radical 
B)  excited 
C)  cation 
D)  anion 
A)  radical 
B)  excited 
C)  cation 
D)  anion

Question 16

Which of the following is the most common type of DNA damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  deamination of cytosine 
B)  deamination of uracil 
C)  methylation of adenine 
D)  methylation of tyrosine 
A)  deamination of cytosine 
B)  deamination of uracil 
C)  methylation of adenine 
D)  methylation of tyrosine

Question 17

Describe the differences among Pol I, Pol II, and Pol III in prokaryotic organisms.

Accepted Answer

Pol III is the main polymerizing enzyme

Question 18

How is Dam methylase able to be a control mechanism for DNA replication initiation?

Accepted Answer

Methylation by Dam methylase is used to

Question 19

A replication fork is necessary because it allows

Accepted Answer

A)  for DNA replication to start on a single strand. 
B)  for DNA replication to start on the double strand. 
C)  DNA to break into half to start replication. 
D)  DNA to unwind completely to start replication. 
A)  for DNA replication to start on a single strand. 
B)  for DNA replication to start on the double strand. 
C)  DNA to break into half to start replication. 
D)  DNA to unwind completely to start replication.

Question 20

Explain the trombone model of DNA synthesis.

Accepted Answer

The trombone model of DNA synthesis at t

Exam 20: DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

Compare bacteriophage lytic and lysogenic cycles.

Describe how Okazaki fragments allow for simultaneous synthesis of double-stranded DNA.

The complete complex that contains the enzymes and proteins required to replicate DNA is called the

Describe the HIV infection cycle.

The role of Mg2+ in DNA replication is to the incoming deoxynucleotide.

Individuals with mutations of BRCA have increased incidence of cancer because of their

DNA photolyase specifically seeks out what kind of DNA damage?

When do somatic mutations occur?

Compare the two different outcomes of cytosine deamination as replication proceeds.

If a strand of DNA has a large lesion that distorts the helical nature of the DNA, what would be the mechanism of repair?

Tus-Ter terminates DNA synthesis by

Semiconservative, as it relates to DNA replication, can be defined as when the original duplex DNA template

Explain the mechanism of nucleotide excision repair.

The most common DNA mutation is the substitution of one base for another. What is the likely outcome from that mutation?

Methenyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) absorbs light to form *MTHF. What does the star on MTHF signify?

Which of the following is the most common type of DNA damage?

Describe the differences among Pol I, Pol II, and Pol III in prokaryotic organisms.

How is Dam methylase able to be a control mechanism for DNA replication initiation?

A replication fork is necessary because it allows

Explain the trombone model of DNA synthesis.

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

The role of Mg²⁺in DNA replication is to the incoming deoxynucleotide.