Question 1

Spending time in the sun is a possible cause of DNA damage because UV radiation

Accepted Answer

A)  causes an abasic site to form. 
B)  produces photoproducts. 
C)  causes protein misfolding. 
D)  produces methylated thymidine. 
A)  causes an abasic site to form. 
B)  produces photoproducts. 
C)  causes protein misfolding. 
D)  produces methylated thymidine.

Question 2

How do Holliday junctions work in DNA recombination?

Accepted Answer

Double-strand DNA breaks are first made

Question 3

Which are the major prokaryotic DNA polymerases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pol I, Pol III, and Pol $\delta$ 
B)  Pol I, Pol II, and Pol III 
C)  Pol I, Pol II, and Pol $\delta$ 
D)  Pol I, Pol III, and Pol $\varepsilon$ 
A)  Pol I, Pol III, and Pol $\delta$ 
B)  Pol I, Pol II, and Pol III 
C)  Pol I, Pol II, and Pol $\delta$ 
D)  Pol I, Pol III, and Pol $\varepsilon$

Question 4

Describe the mechanism of retroviral DNA integration into a eukaryotic genome.

Accepted Answer

HIV integration into the host cell genom

Question 5

If one parent has Lynch syndrome but the other does not, what is the likelihood that the child will also have Lynch syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  100% 
A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  100%

Question 6

Most cancers are caused by which kind of DNA mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  base substitution 
B)  abasic site 
C)  somatic 
D)  nucleotide deletions 
A)  base substitution 
B)  abasic site 
C)  somatic 
D)  nucleotide deletions

Question 7

Describe the differences between Pol $\alpha$0, Pol $\delta$, and Pol $\varepsilon$ in eukaryotic organisms.

Accepted Answer

Pol @#LAT-DLM&has an extremely high processivity b

Question 8

What would a possible outcome be if no primer could be added at the end of a linear chromosome during replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA synthesis would restart on the same strand. 
B)  DNA synthesis would be enhanced. 
C)  The chromosome would be shortened every subsequent replication. 
D)  The chromosome would be elongated every subsequent replication. 
A)  DNA synthesis would restart on the same strand. 
B)  DNA synthesis would be enhanced. 
C)  The chromosome would be shortened every subsequent replication. 
D)  The chromosome would be elongated every subsequent replication.

Question 9

What would a possible outcome be if all eukaryotic cells had telomerase activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells would die sooner. 
B)  Cells would have increased synthesis. 
C)  The rate of synthesis would increase. 
D)  Cells would live indefinitely. 
A)  Cells would die sooner. 
B)  Cells would have increased synthesis. 
C)  The rate of synthesis would increase. 
D)  Cells would live indefinitely.

Question 10

Which of the following is a specialized direct DNA repair process?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA photolyase system 
B)  nucleotide excision repair 
C)  base excision repair 
D)  DNA mismatch repair 
A)  DNA photolyase system 
B)  nucleotide excision repair 
C)  base excision repair 
D)  DNA mismatch repair

Question 11

The two key elements of the oriC include

Accepted Answer

A)  three 13-bp repeats and four 9-bp repeats with enriched G-C base pairs. 
B)  three 13-bp repeats and four 9-bp repeats with enriched A-T pairs. 
C)  20 subunits of A-T pairs. 
D)  the RNA primer. 
A)  three 13-bp repeats and four 9-bp repeats with enriched G-C base pairs. 
B)  three 13-bp repeats and four 9-bp repeats with enriched A-T pairs. 
C)  20 subunits of A-T pairs. 
D)  the RNA primer.

Question 12

Homologous recombination repairs what kind of DNA damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  single-strand break 
B)  double-strand break 
C)  mismatched pairs 
D)  pyrimidine dimers 
A)  single-strand break 
B)  double-strand break 
C)  mismatched pairs 
D)  pyrimidine dimers

Question 13

Lysogeny by bacteriophages causes what result to the host DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  integration of virus DNA into host DNA 
B)  production of new bacteriophage particles 
C)  cell death 
D)  formation of Holliday junctions 
A)  integration of virus DNA into host DNA 
B)  production of new bacteriophage particles 
C)  cell death 
D)  formation of Holliday junctions

Question 14

The DNA alkylation of guanine is possible because the of guanine is __________ and reacts rapidly with __________ alkylating agents.

Accepted Answer

A)  N-7; nucleophilic; electrophilic 
B)  N-5; nucleophilic; electrophilic 
C)  N-7; electrophilic; nucleophilic 
D)  N-5; electrophilic; nucleophilic 
A)  N-7; nucleophilic; electrophilic 
B)  N-5; nucleophilic; electrophilic 
C)  N-7; electrophilic; nucleophilic 
D)  N-5; electrophilic; nucleophilic

Question 15

What would happen first if a cell was no longer able to produce DnaA?

Accepted Answer

A)  DnaC would not be able to bind to DnaB. 
B)  DnaB would not bind to primase. 
C)  The genome would not be unwound. 
D)  Pol III would not be able to bind to the DNA. 
A)  DnaC would not be able to bind to DnaB. 
B)  DnaB would not bind to primase. 
C)  The genome would not be unwound. 
D)  Pol III would not be able to bind to the DNA.

Question 16

The function of the $\beta$-clamp is to

Accepted Answer

A)  keep the torsional strain reduced. 
B)  add the RNA primer. 
C)  keep the Pol III complex associated with the DNA. 
D)  separate the DNA into a single strand. 
A)  keep the torsional strain reduced. 
B)  add the RNA primer. 
C)  keep the Pol III complex associated with the DNA. 
D)  separate the DNA into a single strand.

Question 17

AZT is such a good HIV drug because it

Accepted Answer

A)  prevents new DNA from being replicated. 
B)  prevents HIV from binding to the cell. 
C)  allows DNA to repair itself after viral DNA is added. 
D)  allows DNA to be replicated at a slower rate. 
A)  prevents new DNA from being replicated. 
B)  prevents HIV from binding to the cell. 
C)  allows DNA to repair itself after viral DNA is added. 
D)  allows DNA to be replicated at a slower rate.

Question 18

How can DNA strands be synthesized using bidirectional replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are not synthesized simultaneously. 
B)  One strand is synthesized 5 '  $\rightarrow$ 3 ' , whereas the other is 3 '   $\rightarrow$ 5 ' . 
C)  They are synthesized through Okazaki fragments. 
D)  They are synthesized using RNA polymerases. 
A)  They are not synthesized simultaneously. 
B)  One strand is synthesized 5 '  $\rightarrow$ 3 ' , whereas the other is 3 '   $\rightarrow$ 5 ' . 
C)  They are synthesized through Okazaki fragments. 
D)  They are synthesized using RNA polymerases.

Question 19

Using the figure below, explain the replication and termination of DNA synthesis in E. coli.

Accepted Answer

DNA synthesis proceeds bidirectionally u

Exam 20: DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

Spending time in the sun is a possible cause of DNA damage because UV radiation

How do Holliday junctions work in DNA recombination?

Which are the major prokaryotic DNA polymerases?

Describe the mechanism of retroviral DNA integration into a eukaryotic genome.

If one parent has Lynch syndrome but the other does not, what is the likelihood that the child will also have Lynch syndrome?

Most cancers are caused by which kind of DNA mutation?

Describe the differences between Pol α\alphaα 0, Pol δ\deltaδ , and Pol ε\varepsilonε in eukaryotic organisms.

What would a possible outcome be if no primer could be added at the end of a linear chromosome during replication?

What would a possible outcome be if all eukaryotic cells had telomerase activity?

Which of the following is a specialized direct DNA repair process?

The two key elements of the oriC include

Homologous recombination repairs what kind of DNA damage?

Lysogeny by bacteriophages causes what result to the host DNA?

The DNA alkylation of guanine is possible because the of guanine is __________ and reacts rapidly with __________ alkylating agents.

What would happen first if a cell was no longer able to produce DnaA?

The function of the β\betaβ -clamp is to

AZT is such a good HIV drug because it

How can DNA strands be synthesized using bidirectional replication?

Using the figure below, explain the replication and termination of DNA synthesis in E. coli.

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

Describe the differences between Pol $\alpha$ 0, Pol $\delta$ , and Pol $\varepsilon$ in eukaryotic organisms.

The DNA alkylation of guanine is possible because the of guanine is and reacts rapidly with alkylating agents.

The function of the $\beta$ -clamp is to