Question 1

Calculate the linking number for a B-DNA strand that contains 735 total base pairs.

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  61 
C)  67 
D)  70 
A)  50 
B)  61 
C)  67 
D)  70

Question 2

Which enzyme is used to cleave DNA at specific sequences during the production of recombinant DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA methylase 
B)  restriction endonucleases 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  DNA ligase 
A)  DNA methylase 
B)  restriction endonucleases 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  DNA ligase

Question 3

This method of analyzing RNA transcripts relies on a predetermined collection of complementary DNA sequences.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmid cloning 
B)  viral transduction 
C)  RNA-seq 
D)  gene-expression microarrays 
A)  plasmid cloning 
B)  viral transduction 
C)  RNA-seq 
D)  gene-expression microarrays

Question 4

The process of condensation reduced the size of DNA by

Accepted Answer

A)  100-fold. 
B)  1,000-fold. 
C)  10,000-fold. 
D)  100,000-fold. 
A)  100-fold. 
B)  1,000-fold. 
C)  10,000-fold. 
D)  100,000-fold.

Question 5

Predict the complementary strand of the following DNA sequence: 5 ' -ATCTGAATCT-3 '

Accepted Answer

A)  5 ' -TCTAAGTCTA-3 ' 
B)  5 ' -TAGACTTAGA-3 ' 
C)  5 ' -ATCTGAATCT-3 ' 
D)  5 ' -AGATTCAGAT-3 ' 
A)  5 ' -TCTAAGTCTA-3 ' 
B)  5 ' -TAGACTTAGA-3 ' 
C)  5 ' -ATCTGAATCT-3 ' 
D)  5 ' -AGATTCAGAT-3 '

Question 6

Predict how type II topoisomerases change the supercoil region.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lk = 2 
B)  Lk = 1 
C)  Lk = -1 
D)  Lk = -2 
A)  Lk = 2 
B)  Lk = 1 
C)  Lk = -1 
D)  Lk = -2

Question 7

In the production of recombinant DNA, which enzyme links matching cohesive ends using covalent interactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA methylase 
B)  restriction endonucleases 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  DNA ligase 
A)  DNA methylase 
B)  restriction endonucleases 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  DNA ligase

Question 8

Outline the steps used in the chain-termination method to determine the sequence of a region of DNA. Using the figure below, explain what occurs at steps A, B, C, D, and E.

Accepted Answer

A, Fluorescently labeled ddNTPs and unla

Question 9

Type I topoisomerase activity results in a region of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  semiconservative 
B)  spliced 
C)  relaxed 
D)  unrepaired 
A)  semiconservative 
B)  spliced 
C)  relaxed 
D)  unrepaired

Question 10

Predict the cleavage products when DNA is exposed to restriction endonucleases using the figure below.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Predict the cleavage products when DNA is...

Question 11

The DNA of a bacteria was isolated and it was determined that 15% of the DNA is composed of cytosine. What percentage of the DNA is adenine?

Accepted Answer

A)  15% 
B)  30% 
C)  35% 
D)  70% 
A)  15% 
B)  30% 
C)  35% 
D)  70%

Question 12

How many base pairs per turn does B-DNA contain?

Accepted Answer

A)  10.0 
B)  10.5 
C)  11.0 
D)  12.0 
A)  10.0 
B)  10.5 
C)  11.0 
D)  12.0

Question 13

Explain why it is advantageous to use plasmids to produce recombinant DNA.

Accepted Answer

Plasmids can replicate inside a cell ind

Question 14

In the eukaryotic cell, the coding sequences on a gene are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  exons. 
B)  operons. 
C)  introns. 
D)  promoter. 
A)  exons. 
B)  operons. 
C)  introns. 
D)  promoter.

Question 15

Identify the kinetochore in the following figure.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 16

The basic structure of DNA is a right-handed helix formed by two strands of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  antiparallel 
B)  parallel 
C)  coding 
D)  template 
A)  antiparallel 
B)  parallel 
C)  coding 
D)  template

Question 17

DNA strands are considered to be antiparallel. This means the

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphodiester bonds run in the same direction. 
B)  phosphodiester bonds run in different directions. 
C)  base pairs form hydrogen bonds. 
D)  phosphate backbone is on the outside of the helix. 
A)  phosphodiester bonds run in the same direction. 
B)  phosphodiester bonds run in different directions. 
C)  base pairs form hydrogen bonds. 
D)  phosphate backbone is on the outside of the helix.

Question 18

Compare the three different ways that DNA can be transferred between organisms using plasmids.

Accepted Answer

DNA can be transferred between organisms

Question 19

In the second temperature phase of PCR, why does the temperature vary from 55 $\degree$C to 65 $\degree$C?

Accepted Answer

A)  different ionic strengths 
B)  different primer concentrations 
C)  G-C content 
D)  different amount of hydrogen bonds 
A)  different ionic strengths 
B)  different primer concentrations 
C)  G-C content 
D)  different amount of hydrogen bonds

Question 20

A common database tool used to determine homologous genomic sequences is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the National Center for Biotechnology Information. 
B)  the National Human Genome Research Institute. 
C)  Computational Analysis. 
D)  Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. 
A)  the National Center for Biotechnology Information. 
B)  the National Human Genome Research Institute. 
C)  Computational Analysis. 
D)  Basic Local Alignment Search Tool.

Exam 3: Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Calculate the linking number for a B-DNA strand that contains 735 total base pairs.

Which enzyme is used to cleave DNA at specific sequences during the production of recombinant DNA?

This method of analyzing RNA transcripts relies on a predetermined collection of complementary DNA sequences.

The process of condensation reduced the size of DNA by

Predict the complementary strand of the following DNA sequence: 5 ' -ATCTGAATCT-3 '

Predict how type II topoisomerases change the supercoil region.

In the production of recombinant DNA, which enzyme links matching cohesive ends using covalent interactions?

Outline the steps used in the chain-termination method to determine the sequence of a region of DNA. Using the figure below, explain what occurs at steps A, B, C, D, and E.

Type I topoisomerase activity results in a region of DNA.

Predict the cleavage products when DNA is exposed to restriction endonucleases using the figure below.

The DNA of a bacteria was isolated and it was determined that 15% of the DNA is composed of cytosine. What percentage of the DNA is adenine?

How many base pairs per turn does B-DNA contain?

Explain why it is advantageous to use plasmids to produce recombinant DNA.

In the eukaryotic cell, the coding sequences on a gene are referred to as

Identify the kinetochore in the following figure.

The basic structure of DNA is a right-handed helix formed by two strands of DNA.

DNA strands are considered to be antiparallel. This means the

Compare the three different ways that DNA can be transferred between organisms using plasmids.

In the second temperature phase of PCR, why does the temperature vary from 55 °\degree° C to 65 °\degree° C?

A common database tool used to determine homologous genomic sequences is called

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

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Predict the complementary strand of the following DNA sequence: 5 ^' -ATCTGAATCT-3 ^'

In the second temperature phase of PCR, why does the temperature vary from 55 $\degree$ C to 65 $\degree$ C?