Question 1

The conversion of ammonium to nitrate could be accomplished by the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrosomonas alone. 
B)  Nitrobacter alone. 
C)  Anabaena alone. 
D)  Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. 
E)  Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, and Anabaena. 
A)  Nitrosomonas alone. 
B)  Nitrobacter alone. 
C)  Anabaena alone. 
D)  Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. 
E)  Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, and Anabaena.

Question 2

The Euryarchaeota includes all

Accepted Answer

A)  known extreme acidophiles. 
B)  the bacteria. 
C)  known methanogens. 
D)  green sulfur bacteria. 
E)  intracellular parasites. 
A)  known extreme acidophiles. 
B)  the bacteria. 
C)  known methanogens. 
D)  green sulfur bacteria. 
E)  intracellular parasites.

Question 3

Reticulate and elementary bodies are two forms in the life cycle of

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycoplasma. 
B)  Caulobacter. 
C)  Chlamydia. 
D)  Myxobacteria. 
E)  Treponema. 
A)  Mycoplasma. 
B)  Caulobacter. 
C)  Chlamydia. 
D)  Myxobacteria. 
E)  Treponema.

Question 4

Rhizobium species

Accepted Answer

A)  resemble fungi. 
B)  fix nitrogen inside nodules on the roots of legumes. 
C)  produce antibiotics inside nodules on the roots of legumes. 
D)  produce a gall in plants. 
E)  contain the Ti plasmid that modifies the growth of plant tissue. 
A)  resemble fungi. 
B)  fix nitrogen inside nodules on the roots of legumes. 
C)  produce antibiotics inside nodules on the roots of legumes. 
D)  produce a gall in plants. 
E)  contain the Ti plasmid that modifies the growth of plant tissue.

Question 5

Clostridium, Lactobacillus, and Propionibacterium all

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidize inorganic compounds AND use sulfur compounds as terminal electron acceptors. 
B)  oxidize organic compounds AND use sulfur compounds as terminal electron acceptors. 
C)  oxidize inorganic compounds AND use organic compounds as terminal electron acceptors. 
D)  oxidize organic compounds AND use organic compounds as terminal electron acceptors. 
E)  neutralize organic compounds AND use organic compounds as terminal electron acceptors. 
A)  oxidize inorganic compounds AND use sulfur compounds as terminal electron acceptors. 
B)  oxidize organic compounds AND use sulfur compounds as terminal electron acceptors. 
C)  oxidize inorganic compounds AND use organic compounds as terminal electron acceptors. 
D)  oxidize organic compounds AND use organic compounds as terminal electron acceptors. 
E)  neutralize organic compounds AND use organic compounds as terminal electron acceptors.

Question 6

Obligate aerobes may transform energy via fermentation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following contains bacteriochlorophyll?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacillus, Chromatium, Thiospirillum 
B)  Staphylococcus, Thiospirillum, Thidictyon 
C)  Streptococcus, Chromatium, Thidictyon 
D)  Escherichia, Chromatium, Thiospirillum 
E)  Chromatium, Thiospirillum, Thidictyon 
A)  Bacillus, Chromatium, Thiospirillum 
B)  Staphylococcus, Thiospirillum, Thidictyon 
C)  Streptococcus, Chromatium, Thidictyon 
D)  Escherichia, Chromatium, Thiospirillum 
E)  Chromatium, Thiospirillum, Thidictyon

Question 8

Propionibacterium

Accepted Answer

A)  produces propionic acid AND is responsible for the holes in Swiss cheese. 
B)  produces propionic acid AND requires aerobic environments. 
C)  produces lactic acid AND is responsible for the holes in Swiss cheese. 
D)  is responsible for the holes in Swiss cheese AND requires aerobic environments. 
E)  produces lactic acid AND is a Gram-negative organism. 
A)  produces propionic acid AND is responsible for the holes in Swiss cheese. 
B)  produces propionic acid AND requires aerobic environments. 
C)  produces lactic acid AND is responsible for the holes in Swiss cheese. 
D)  is responsible for the holes in Swiss cheese AND requires aerobic environments. 
E)  produces lactic acid AND is a Gram-negative organism.

Question 9

Sulfuric acid is

Accepted Answer

A)  involved in bioleaching AND produced by Lactobacillus. 
B)  produced by unicellular sulfur-oxidizers AND is a result of reduction of metal sulfides. 
C)  involved in bioleaching AND produced by unicellular sulfur-oxidizers. 
D)  a result of reduction of metal sulfides AND involved in bioleaching. 
E)  is a result of reduction of metal sulfides AND is produced by Lactobacillus. 
A)  involved in bioleaching AND produced by Lactobacillus. 
B)  produced by unicellular sulfur-oxidizers AND is a result of reduction of metal sulfides. 
C)  involved in bioleaching AND produced by unicellular sulfur-oxidizers. 
D)  a result of reduction of metal sulfides AND involved in bioleaching. 
E)  is a result of reduction of metal sulfides AND is produced by Lactobacillus.

Question 10

Thermus and Deinococcus

Accepted Answer

A)  are both thermophilic. 
B)  are both radiation resistant. 
C)  both serve as the source of Taq polymerase. 
D)  are both Gram-positive. 
E)  survive in extreme environments. 
A)  are both thermophilic. 
B)  are both radiation resistant. 
C)  both serve as the source of Taq polymerase. 
D)  are both Gram-positive. 
E)  survive in extreme environments.

Question 11

Archaea are typically found living in extreme environments. An exception to this are the

Accepted Answer

A)  sulfur-oxidizing archaea. 
B)  sulfur-reducing archaea. 
C)  methanogens. 
D)  sulfur-oxidizing archaea AND sulfur-reducing archaea. 
E)  methanogens AND sulfur-reducing archaea. 
A)  sulfur-oxidizing archaea. 
B)  sulfur-reducing archaea. 
C)  methanogens. 
D)  sulfur-oxidizing archaea AND sulfur-reducing archaea. 
E)  methanogens AND sulfur-reducing archaea.

Question 12

Lactic acid bacteria such as Lactococcus

Accepted Answer

A)  produce catalase. 
B)  are obligate fermenters. 
C)  require anaerobic environments. 
D)  use oxygen as a final electron acceptor. 
E)  are always pathogenic. 
A)  produce catalase. 
B)  are obligate fermenters. 
C)  require anaerobic environments. 
D)  use oxygen as a final electron acceptor. 
E)  are always pathogenic.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about members of the family Enterobacteriaceae is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It includes E. coli, Enterobacter, Salmonella, and Shigella. 
B)  It includes many medically relevant bacteria. 
C)  Members only reside in the intestinal tract of humans. 
D)  Members are facultative anaerobes. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  It includes E. coli, Enterobacter, Salmonella, and Shigella. 
B)  It includes many medically relevant bacteria. 
C)  Members only reside in the intestinal tract of humans. 
D)  Members are facultative anaerobes. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 14

Helicobacter pylori, a curved, Gram-negative microaerophilic motile bacterium. Based on this, how do you describe the organism to your patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a virus that requires oxygen for survival, has a thin cell wall composed of a compound called peptin, and can move by means of tail-like structures called flagella. 
B)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a bacterium that requires atmospheric levels of oxygen for survival, has a thick cell wall composed of a compound called peptidoglycan, and can move by means of appendages called cilia. 
C)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a protozoan that requires low levels of oxygen for survival, has a thin cell wall composed of a compound called chitin, and moves around your stomach by means of structures called flagella. 
D)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a bacterium that requires low levels of oxygen for survival, has a thin cell wall composed of a compound called peptidoglycan, and can move by means of tail-like structures called flagella. 
E)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a bacterium that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen, has a thick cell wall composed of a compound called peptidoglycan, and can move by means of tail-like structures called flagella. 
A)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a virus that requires oxygen for survival, has a thin cell wall composed of a compound called peptin, and can move by means of tail-like structures called flagella. 
B)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a bacterium that requires atmospheric levels of oxygen for survival, has a thick cell wall composed of a compound called peptidoglycan, and can move by means of appendages called cilia. 
C)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a protozoan that requires low levels of oxygen for survival, has a thin cell wall composed of a compound called chitin, and moves around your stomach by means of structures called flagella. 
D)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a bacterium that requires low levels of oxygen for survival, has a thin cell wall composed of a compound called peptidoglycan, and can move by means of tail-like structures called flagella. 
E)  The organism causing your signs and symptoms is a bacterium that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen, has a thick cell wall composed of a compound called peptidoglycan, and can move by means of tail-like structures called flagella.

Question 15

Bacteria and Archaea both have members that use sulfur compounds as a terminal electron acceptor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

How do anoxygenic phototrophs benefit from having accessory pigments that allow light to be harvested at deeper areas of a moist or aquatic environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accessory pigments allows even anaerobic microbes to carry out photosynthesis, as they can harvest light energy in the deeper areas where oxygen won't be present. 
B)  The cells can use wavelengths of light that have not been absorbed by the photosynthetic organisms closer to the surface of the water. 
C)  These organisms don't have to compete with other cells that use oxygen in the upper levels for the scarce nutrients in the aquatic environment. 
D)  This allows even anaerobic microbes to conduct photosynthesis, as they can harvest light energy in the deeper areas where oxygen won't be present AND can use wavelengths of light not absorbed by the photosynthetic organisms closer to the surface of the fluid. 
E)  This allows even anaerobic microbes to conduct photosynthesis, as they can harvest light energy in the deeper areas where oxygen won't be present, use wavelengths of light not absorbed by the photosynthetic organisms closer to the surface of the water; AND don't have to compete with other cells that use oxygen in the upper levels for the scarce nutrients in the fluid environment. 
A)  Accessory pigments allows even anaerobic microbes to carry out photosynthesis, as they can harvest light energy in the deeper areas where oxygen won't be present. 
B)  The cells can use wavelengths of light that have not been absorbed by the photosynthetic organisms closer to the surface of the water. 
C)  These organisms don't have to compete with other cells that use oxygen in the upper levels for the scarce nutrients in the aquatic environment. 
D)  This allows even anaerobic microbes to conduct photosynthesis, as they can harvest light energy in the deeper areas where oxygen won't be present AND can use wavelengths of light not absorbed by the photosynthetic organisms closer to the surface of the fluid. 
E)  This allows even anaerobic microbes to conduct photosynthesis, as they can harvest light energy in the deeper areas where oxygen won't be present, use wavelengths of light not absorbed by the photosynthetic organisms closer to the surface of the water; AND don't have to compete with other cells that use oxygen in the upper levels for the scarce nutrients in the fluid environment.

Question 17

The genomes of free-living spirochetes are larger than those living in animal hosts. Why might this be so?

Accepted Answer

A)  Free-living spirochetes will need genes for additional proteins to synthesize or obtain their own food from the environment. Parasitic spirochetes obtain nutrients from the animal host. 
B)  The spirochetes in animal hosts are different species entirely. As different species, they would naturally have smaller genomes. 
C)  A smaller genome implies simplicity-the spirochetes living in animal hosts have fewer needs, so they need fewer genes. 
D)  It isn't so-all spirochetes would have the same size genomes, since they're all the same species of microbe. 
E)  Parasitic spirochetes are smaller than free-living spirochetes. Because of this, their genomes are also smaller; they need less genes. 
A)  Free-living spirochetes will need genes for additional proteins to synthesize or obtain their own food from the environment. Parasitic spirochetes obtain nutrients from the animal host. 
B)  The spirochetes in animal hosts are different species entirely. As different species, they would naturally have smaller genomes. 
C)  A smaller genome implies simplicity-the spirochetes living in animal hosts have fewer needs, so they need fewer genes. 
D)  It isn't so-all spirochetes would have the same size genomes, since they're all the same species of microbe. 
E)  Parasitic spirochetes are smaller than free-living spirochetes. Because of this, their genomes are also smaller; they need less genes.

Question 18

Which of the following colonize the vagina during childbearing years?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clostridium 
B)  Streptococci 
C)  Enterobacter 
D)  Lactobacilli 
E)  Clostridium AND lactobacilli 
A)  Clostridium 
B)  Streptococci 
C)  Enterobacter 
D)  Lactobacilli 
E)  Clostridium AND lactobacilli

Question 19

Chlamydia occurs in two forms, a reticulate body and an elementary body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Streptomyces produce a number of antibiotics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The conversion of ammonium to nitrate could be accomplished by the presence of

The Euryarchaeota includes all

Reticulate and elementary bodies are two forms in the life cycle of

Rhizobium species

Clostridium, Lactobacillus, and Propionibacterium all

Obligate aerobes may transform energy via fermentation.

Which of the following contains bacteriochlorophyll?

Propionibacterium

Sulfuric acid is

Thermus and Deinococcus

Archaea are typically found living in extreme environments. An exception to this are the

Lactic acid bacteria such as Lactococcus

Which of the following statements about members of the family Enterobacteriaceae is NOT true?

Helicobacter pylori, a curved, Gram-negative microaerophilic motile bacterium. Based on this, how do you describe the organism to your patient?

Bacteria and Archaea both have members that use sulfur compounds as a terminal electron acceptor.

How do anoxygenic phototrophs benefit from having accessory pigments that allow light to be harvested at deeper areas of a moist or aquatic environment?

The genomes of free-living spirochetes are larger than those living in animal hosts. Why might this be so?

Which of the following colonize the vagina during childbearing years?

Chlamydia occurs in two forms, a reticulate body and an elementary body.

Streptomyces produce a number of antibiotics.

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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