Exam 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

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Based on information from your text about the rates of volunteerism, which of the following countries has the highest rate of volunteerism in its population (47%)?

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A woman's car is stuck in the snow and she needs a push to get free. __________ is more likely to stop to help her out because __________.

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Prosocial behavior is to __________ as altruism is to __________.

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Which of the following does NOT represent altruistic behavior?

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According to research presented by the authors of your text, in which of the following cities would you be the most likely to be helped if you needed help crossing a busy street?

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Gillian is sitting in a crowded coffee shop when she hears the squeal of brakes and the crash of metal-on-metal. She looks around and notices that all the other customers remain engrossed in their conversations. Because these cool and calm responses __________, Gillian will be __________.

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The bystander effect refers to the finding that __________.

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Compare and contrast altruism and prosocial behavior. In your explanation, include a good example of each concept that makes the primary difference between the concepts very clear.

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Researchers (Burnstein, Crandall, & Kitayama, 1994) found that when participants imagined a house fire, they were more likely to help some people than other people. Based on these researchers' findings, it seems that in life-and-death situations, __________.

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Which of the following challenges to the evolutionary theory of altruism was NOT reported in your book?

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A giant tornado is bearing down on Dorothy's farmhouse. She only has time to help one other resident. Based on research regarding kin selection, whom will Dorothy take with her to the storm cellar?

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When Jochem saw the child fall through the ice at the lake, he never hesitated and immediately dove in to save the child. This is an example of __________ behavior.

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According to Milgram's (1970) __________ hypothesis, compared to rural dwellers, people in large cities are bombarded with stimulation and work to reduce it by keeping to themselves.

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Elaine explains that she donates money to charity because, "It makes me feel like I'm investing in the future. It just feels good!" Her motive for helping is BEST described by which theory?

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Evolutionary psychology is the study of __________.

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Research has demonstrated that people will help in-group members because __________.

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When considering altruistic behaviors, which of the following is true?

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How do evolutionary psychologists use the concepts of kin selection and the reciprocity norm to explain human prosocial behavior?

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Social exchange theory would have the most trouble explaining which of the following helping situations?

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In support for the empathy-altruism hypothesis, researchers (Toi & Batson, 1982) found that participants were most likely to help a student named Carol who was injured in an automobile accident when they were told __________.

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